220 rev chp 02 copy - chem PDF

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Chapter 02 Worksheet 1. Label the type of orbital hybridization at each atom indicated with an arrow. For all sp3 hybridized carbon atoms, label as being primary, secondary, or tertiary.

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How many hydrogens are there here?

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How many sp2 hybid orbitals?

•

How many unhybridized p-orbitals?

•

Would you classify this molecule as polar or nonpolar?

2. Using MO Theory, explain why H2 is a stable diatomic molecule and explain why He2 does not exist.

Copyright John Congleton, Orange Coast College

3. Draw a detailed valence-bond orbital picture of the following molecules: b)

a) O

c) C2H2

C

O

CH3

CH

CH2

d) CO

4. Draw the resonance structure of formate. Draw an orbital picture that shows the π orbitals for the molecule. The σ skeleton may be drawn with simple lines, dash bonds, and wedge bonds.

Copyright John Congleton, Orange Coast College

5. For each of the following compounds: a) determine the shape of the indicated carbons (remember to add lone pairs, and H’s on line structures); b) determine the number of primary, secondary, and tertiary carbons; (don’t count carbon with double bonds) and c) circle and label three functional groups. d)

e) shape shape

shape

shape

OH

shape

O

H

C N

O

O

N

CH2OH

shape

shape

HO

S

O

OH

COOH shape

vitamin C penicillin G

Copyright John Congleton, Orange Coast College

6. For each of the following compounds: a) determine if the compound is polar and draw the dipole moment; b) indicate the strongest intermolecular force that would exist between two molecules of the substance; c) predict whether the substance will be soluble in water. h)

g)

f) O CH3

C

CH3

CH3

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH3

CH3

N

H

CH3

7. Predict which substance in each pair of compounds would have a higher boiling point: i)

j)

k)

CH3CH2CH2OCH3

CH3(CH2)4CH2OH

CH3NH2

CH3CH(OH)CH3

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

N(CH3)3

l)

m)

n)

CH3CH(OH)CH3

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

Butane

CH2(OH)CH(OH)CH2OH

CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2

Octane

Copyright John Congleton, Orange Coast College

8. Predict whether the following molecules are polar. Molecule

Shape

Prediciton of polarity

BCl3

BClBr2

CH4

NH3

SF6

CH3Cl

Copyright John Congleton, Orange Coast College...