391 lectures - lecture 3,4 PDF

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Lecture 3: Biological bases of personality

Cognition and emotion  Capgras syndrome  Both are needed for each to function fully Anterior cingulate  Important for experiencing normal emotions  Controlling emotional responses and behaviour impulses  Possible implications for extraversions and neuroticism Galen proposed that personality depended on the balance of humors (blood, black bile, yellow bile and phlegm Dopamine  Activates BAS (behavioural activation system)  Individual differences in development of neurons that produce and are responsive to dopamine Serotonin  Inhibition of behavioural impulses Hormones  Epinehrine and norepinephrine  Released in response to stress to create flight/fight Testosterone; linked to aggression Cortisol;stress Big five and the brain  Stability is associated with serotonin and plasticity is associated with dopamine Behavioural genetics  Addresses how personality traits that differ among individuals are passed from parent to child and shared  How genes influences broad patterns of behaviour

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Controversy from associations with eugenics and cloning

What heritability tells you  Genes matter  Insight into the efforts of the environment on personality development Molecular genetics  Not applicable to everyone

Lecture 4: Personality and performance Specific performance criteria  Counterproductive work behaviours  Safety behaviours  Technical proficiency  Conceptualisation/measurement: typical vs maximal, response method

Barrick, Mount and Judge (2001)  Conscientiousness a key predictor for performance domains  Neuroticism demonstrated weaker relationships  A,O and E had weak and inconsistent results throughout Modalities of performance  Typical vs maximal performance  Transformational leadership as performance facet  Variations in five factor model predictions  CWB Academic applications Self vs adult ratings and performance MacCan, Lipnevich  Looked at high school students, meta analysis on self vs adult ratings  Approach vs avoidance traits  Findings o Self ratings were weaker predictions than other ratings o Approach traits were strong predictions than avoidance traits Conscientiousness appears to be a recurring determinants of performance Demand and expectancy effects  Consider the individual providing you with scores on a personality inventory  Consider your role as the person looking at the data provided by the aforementioned individual...