AAW Homework - Professor Couch PDF

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AAW Homework and Answers 1. What do the authors of this website claim Anti-oxidant Water is good for (can do, can cure)? a. alkaline antioxidant water is many times more hydrating and better tasting that tap water. b. improved sleep c. improved elimination of cellular wastes 2. Dr. Raymond Dent earned his degree in naturopathy from Bastyr University. List 3 degrees offered at Bastyr University that are ‘different’ from those offered at traditional Universities such as SHSU, Texas A&M, Michigan State, etc. Go to this website http://www.bastyr.edu/ and hover over 'academics' (on the top right-hand corner of your screen) a. Midwifery b. Naturopathic Medicine c. Holistic Landscape Design 3. Dr. Raymond Dent and Karen Kean are two of the people promoting the use of AAW in the publication you read. To evaluate their claims, we need to begin by considering their credibility, and that, in part, means we need to evaluate their credentials. In other words, we need to determine if they are legitimate experts. Raymond Dent is identified as a Doctor of Naturopathy who graduated from Bastyr University. What is naturopathy, or naturopathic medicine? a. Naturopathy or naturopathic medicine is a form of alternative medicine employing a wide array of "natural" treatments, including homeopathy, herbalism, and acupuncture, as well as diet and lifestyle counseling. Naturopaths favor a holistic approach with noninvasive treatment and generally avoid the use of surgery and drugs. Naturopathic philosophy is based on a belief in vitalism and self-healing, and practitioners often prefer methods of treatment that are not compatible with evidence-based medicine. Edited from Wikipedia and Atwood, Kimball C., IV (2003). "Naturopathy: A critical appraisal". Medscape General Medicine 5 (4): 39. PMID 14745386. 4. Dr. Raymond Dent and Karen Kean are two of the people promoting the use of AAW in the publication you read. To evaluate their claims, we need to begin by considering their credibility, and that, in part, means we need to evaluate their credentials. In other words, we need to determine if they are legitimate experts. Naturopathic medicine is usually contrasted with allopathic medicine. What is allopathic medicine? a. Allopathy or allopathic medicine is an expression commonly used by homeopaths and proponents of other forms of alternative medicine to refer to mainstream medical use of pharmacologically active agents or physical interventions to treat or suppress symptoms or pathophysiologic processes of diseases or conditions. Edited from Wikipedia and from "The Free Dictionary". Farlex. Retrieved 25 October 2013. Citing: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine (2008) and Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th ed. (2009). 5. Please watch the 9-minute video by Karen Kean on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=LWBSotp3NaI . What does Ms. Kean claim are the three most important functions for the body? Please list them on separate lines below. a. To be alkaline b. to be hydrated c. to detoxify

6. Same video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LWBSotp3NaI . In terms of profession, Karen claims that she is a: a. Water Angel and Educator 7. Same video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LWBSotp3NaI-- (hint for C: how does the use of the term 'detoxification' break the rule of falsifiability? In what way?) a. (yes or no) Does Ms. Kean explain what ‘detoxification’ means? No b. (yes or no) Does she indicate how we would know if someone were ‘toxic’ or how we would know if they had been ‘detoxified’? No c. In terms of the 'F' in FiLCHeRS, what kind of claim is this? Vague Claim 8. Ms. Kean claims that the body wants to have an alkaline pH and that some of the things we eat or ingest, such as Sprite, have a pH that is 10,000 times more acidic than “where the body wants to be”. This implies that this is a very unhealthy condition. So, let’s look at some information about pH in the body and a popular soft drink so that you can assess this claim. What is the average pH of Sprite? a. 2.00-4.08 9. Not to be gross, but you know that if you have ever vomited, the material burns your throat. This tells us that vomit, and stomach acid, is acidic. What is the typical pH range of stomach acid? a. 1.3-3.5 10. Why is the pH of stomach acid necessary? (possible words to use: flower, bacteria, dog, fat, protein, salt, carbohydrates) The pH of gastric acid (HCl) is 1.3 - 3.5. This low pH helps the cells work properly. It also activates a protein, called pepsinogen, to become pepsin. Pepsin helps us break down protein. The lower pH also kills many harmful types of bacteria. Preventing these pathogens (or bacteria) from taking over our digestive systems keeps us from getting sick (e.g. food born illnesses). 11. What is the typical pH range of saliva? a. 6.0-7.4 12. What is the normal pH range of urine? a. 4.6-8.0 13. What is the typical pH range of blood plasma? a. 7.35-7.40 14. In what part of the digestive system is the pH of food neutralized? a. small intestines (duodenum) 15. What is the cost of the Athena AAW device (Jupiter version) she is promoting? http://www.alkalinewaterplus.com/jupiter-athena-water-ionizers a. $1,900 - $3,000 16. Question 16 a. (Yes or No) Can you distinguish smooth water from ‘less smooth’ water – assuming it’s not frozen and/or doesn’t contain gritty material? No b. (Yes or No) Is this claim about smoothness a meaningful claim? No c. With reference to the FiLCHeRS rule of Falsifiability, what type of claim is this? Vague i. *The term smooth is not being used in contrast to so-called ‘hard’ water that has a high concentration of calcium carbonate or other dissolved minerals. Dr. Dent is referring to the sensation of drinking the water and claiming that it is a smooth sensation. 17. Can you explain what is meant by the body’s ‘effective use of water’? In short, can you distinguish the ‘effective’ from the ‘ineffective’ use of water? *This is not referring to whether

or not your thirst has been quenched, but whether or not your body is using the water ‘effectively’ for biochemical processes occurring in the body. a. No 18. (Yes or No) Does Ms. Kean provide a definition of ‘acid stress’ or a set of criteria that would enable you to tell if your body was experiencing ‘acid stress’? No. So, what type of claim is this? This claim is considered Vague and violates the rule of falsifiability. She would need to be more detailed and tell us what she actually means when using these terms. 19. What is an antioxidant and why is it supposed to be good for us? (Consult the following website to answer this question.) (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/antioxidants.html and http://www.cancer.gov/cancerto pics/factsheet/prevention/antioxidants ) a. Antioxidants are man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage. Antioxidants are found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables. They are also available as dietary supplements. 20. Are hydroxyl ions antioxidants? The easiest way to approach this question is to look at a list of antioxidants on various web sites to see if OH- is listed as one of them. This source (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antioxidant ) is a bit technical, but a quick scan will help you make a determination of the answer to this question. a. No 21. Can liquid water form lasting structures consisting of 6, 12, 13, 16 or more molecules? a. No 22. Liquid water cannot form lasting structures consisting of 6, 12, 13, 16 or more molecules. If liquid water did form lasting/rigid structures, it would be a solid instead of a liquid. This would contradict the definition of this state of matter - where molecules flow freely and have a constant volume. Even if we could form lasting/rigid structures, they would not last very long. According to the second law of thermodynamics, entropy increases over time. This means that the molecular structure would become less organized over time. (possible words: can, cannot, solid, liquid, gas, plasma, first, second, third, more, less) 23. Is Dr. Dent’s claim that AAW water is forming hexagonal structures logically consistent with Karen Kean’s claim that it is being ionized into H+ cations and OH- anions? No. They are stating different things. Kean states that when the water goes through the machine, it makes anions, a smaller more simplistic substance. Kent states that when the water goes through the machine, it makes hexagonal structures of water, a more complex and larger substance. 24. Given the charges on the OH- anions and the H+ cations, could large numbers of these ions remain separated from one another in a liquid even if the AAW device initially separated them? Based on what you know about electric charges, explain your answer a. No. The anions (-) and cations (+) would not remain separated indefinitely. They would attract each other and for H 2O again. 25. Given the chemical composition of water, does it make sense to claim, as Ms. Kean does, that the AAW water that enters the body is made of OH- anions? Explain: Yes. The water must be made of OH- anions, as it has been broken down into smaller parts. 26. Is Karen Kean’s claim that smaller ions (formed by the ionization of water molecules) more readily enter the cell logically consistent with the other claim, made by Dr. Kent, that clustered, structured, rings of water molecules are more readily absorbed into cells? Explain: No. The two assertions are inconsistent. Karen Kean is claiming that the ions, a smaller substance,

enters cells more readily and Dr. Kent is claiming that structured rings of water, a larger substance, enters cells more readily. 27. What is Aristotle’s Law of non-contradiction? (See textbook for definition) Nothing can both have a property and lack it at the same time....