Acceleration due to gravity - motion along a straight line PDF

Preview

Summary

Acceleration Lab...

Description

Acceleration due to gravity/ Motion along a straight line with constant acceleration (Free Fall) Procedure: 1. You do not need to write up a complete lab report for this lab. Record all data and all calculations, paste all screenshots and graphs, and answer all questions in your lab notebook (composition book). 2. Read the “Objective” and “Introduction” sections of the “Acceleration Due to Gravity” lab in your lab manual on pages 5.1-5.2. 3. Visit the Projectile Motion Phet interactive simulation using the link below, then explore the simulation and find out the uses of each tab and panel so you get familiar with it. https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/projectile-motion/latest/projectile-motion_en.html 4. Click on the “Lab” option. Play around with each of the buttons, options, and measuring devices to familiarize yourself with them. 5. Rotate the cannon so the angle is +90˚. Choose any initial speed (other than 0 m/s) and any object other than a cannonball. You can choose values for the mass and diameter as well. Make sure that the Gravity option is set to 9.81 m/s2 and leave the Air Resistance box UN-checked. 6. Record all of your initial values and conditions in your lab notebook (composition book). 7. Launch your object vertically upward and allow it to fall all the way back downward. If needed, zoom out using the (-) button so that you can view the entire trajectory. 8. Use the blue measuring tool and scroll over one of the data points so that the “time” and “height” values appear on the tool. 9. Take a screenshot and paste it into your lab notebook. An example is shown below (do not use all of the same options that I used)

10. Create a data table in your lab notebook with the following 4 columns: time (s), height y (m), velocity v (m/s), and acceleration a (m/s2). 11. Scroll over each data point on your projectile’s trajectory and record the times and heights. Be sure to include data points along the way up, the data point at the max height, and data points along the way down. 12. Use one of the kinematic equations of motion to calculate the velocity at each data point. Record the velocity values in your data table. 13. Use excel (or a similar graphing program) to plot a graph of position (height) vs. time. Show the Polynomial (or quadratic) Trendline, and Display the Equation on the graph. Don’t forget to give the graph a title and label it appropriately. 14. Print your graph and paste it into your lab notebook. 15. Based on the object’s vertical path as it was launched out of the cannon, is this what you expected the position vs. time graph to look like? Why or why not? 16. Highlight or circle the equation on the graph. Write down the general kinematic equation that matches the equation on your graph. 17. Choose one data point on your graph and draw a tangent line. Calculate the slope of the tangent line and record it by hand on the graph. How does this value compare to the velocity value that you recorded on your data table (which you calculated using the kinematic equation) for this data point? 18. Plot a graph of velocity vs. time using the values in your data table. Choose the Linear Fit trendline and display the equation of the graph. 19. Print the velocity vs. time graph and paste it into your lab notebook. 20. Look at the position vs. time graph and velocity vs. time graph. Where is the projectile when it has it’s greatest velocity? Label this on both graphs. 21. What is the object’s velocity at its max height? Label this on both graphs. 22. Using the velocity vs. time graph, determine the object’s acceleration due to gravity. Show or explain how you determined this. Enter this value into your data table. 23. Plot a graph of acceleration vs. time and paste it into your lab notebook. 24. How does your acceleration compare to the accepted value for the acceleration due to gravity? (𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒)−(𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒)

Calculate the percent error: % error = |

𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

| × 100

25. Submit photos of your lab notebook pages into the appropriate module in Canvas....