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Employment Relations MCQs.Q1. Which of the following is an example of grounds for fair dismissal under the terms of the Unfair Dismissals Act 1977- 2007?(a) Trade union membership (b) Age (c) Capability (d) WhisteblowingQ2. Which of the following is NOT one of the nine grounds for discrimination und...

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Employment Relations MCQs.

Q1. Which of the following is an example of grounds for fair dismissal under the terms of the Unfair Dismissals Act 1977- 2007?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Trade union membership Age Capability Whisteblowing

Q2. Which of the following is NOT one of the nine grounds for discrimination under the Employment Equality Acts 1998-2008?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

home address marital status race age

Q3. A Pluralist approach to industrial relations views the industrial enterprise in terms of being categorised by:

(a) (b) (c) (d)

a team approach one source of loyalty the need to motivate people differences of interest

Q4. Which of the following sources of law has the greatest authority in Ireland?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

The Constitution EU Law Statutory legislation common law

Q5. Which of the following companies took a successful Supreme Court action against the labour court in 2007, which has left much uncertainty about the future of the Industrial Relations Acts 2001-2004.

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Aer Lingus Ryanair Intel Dell

Q6. Which of the following Acts introduced the "Golden Formula"?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

The Trade Union Act 1871 The Industrial Relations Act 1990 The Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1857 The Trade Disputes Act 1906.

Q7. What is a 'pure' employer association?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

One which does not have a negotiating licence. Represents employers labour market or employment relations interests. One which has more that 100 members. Represents employer's product market interests.

Q8. The early trade unions, the model unions, represented which type of worker?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

craftsmen police farmers sailors

Q9. What has been the general trend with regard to trade union membership and density since the 1980's?

(a) trade union member and density have increased. (b) trade union member and density have both decreased.

(c) trade union membership has decreased but trade union membership has increased. (d) trade union membership has increased and trade union density has decreased.

Q10. Which of the following sparked a wave of strikes, which led to the first widespread unionisation of unskilled workers in Ireland?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

The Taff Vale case 1900 The strike in support of the Tolpuddle Martyrs The strike Bryant and May 1888 The Dublin Lockout 1913.

Q11. What is the national minimum wage for an experienced adult in Ireland?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

6.00 8.65 9.55 9.80

Q12. The issue of a contract of service versus a contract for service, has been well debated in the courts. Which of the following statements is correct in determining whether a contract of service or contract for service exists?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

The control test is the most appropriate test. The integration test is the most appropriate test. the enterprise test is the most appropriate test. No one test can be determinative.

Q13. What is a Joint Labour Committee?

(a) a body of representatives of unions and employers who propose reforms in industrial relations law to the government. (b) a group of representatives from trade unions, employers and the government who set out the reform agenda for the public sector. (c) a statutory body which set legally binding pay and conditions for groups of workers. (d) A negotiating body for an industry designed to facilitate collective bargaining at industry level.

Q14. Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the Public Service Agreement 2010-2014?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

No further reductions in pay for the lifetime of the agreement Pay increases to be applied to senior public servants only Introduction of a further 5% cut in pay in 2012 Reversal of pay cuts to all public servants by 2013

Q15. Absenteeism and high turnover can constitute which of the following forms of conflict?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Organised Collective Latent Individual

Q16. What is the maximum compensation that can be awarded to an employee for unfair dismissal under the Unfair Dismissals Act 1977-2007?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

1 week 1 year 2 years 6 months

Q17. Which of the following is not a mechanism for pay increases in the public sector?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Benchmarking National wage agreements Joint Industrial Councils The Review Body of Higher Remuneration

Q18. Lavelle et al (2009) examined employment relations in multinational companies operating in Ireland. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) TU recognition is higher in service sector MNCs

(b) TU recognition is higher among American MNCs (c) TU recognition is higher among long established MNCs (d) TU recognition is higher among small MNCs

Q19. Which one of the following was identified as the top contributor to the number of strikes in Ireland between 2003-2011.

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Union representation and recognition Dispute over labour court recommendations Hours of work Engagement, dismissal and redundancy

Q20. The paternalistic approach to industrial relations involves which of the following?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Employers looking after employees without the need for union representation Encouraging employees to join a union Management-union relations may be formalised by procedural agreements Management try to source cheap and cost effective labour

Q21. The Code of Practice on Grievance and Disciplinary Procedures contains general guidelines on the application of grievance and disciplinary procedures and the promotion of best practice in giving effect to such procedures. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) There is no statutory obligation to abide by the COPs but the court take a dim view on those who don’t. (b) COPs are legally enforceable through the labour court (c) COPs are legally enforceable through the Employment Appeals Tribunal (d) Organisations with 100 or more employees must implement the COPs.

Q22. A growing trend of ‘double-breasting’ has been noted within Irish employment relations. What is ‘double breasting’?

(a) An organisation that operates a number of establishments on a union and non-union basis.

(b) An organisation that operates a system of conciliation and arbitration schemes across a number of their establishments. (c) An organisation that operates a system of conciliation and mediation schemes across a number of their establishments. (d) An organisation that approaches the management of employment relations in some of their establishments on a voluntary basis and the remaining on a more legalistic approach.

Q23. Which of the following was identified as a key concern for employers in relation to the Industrial Relations (Amendment) Act 2001 and the Industrial Relations (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2004?

(a) The acts would bring private sector pay in line with public sector pay (b) The acts would make it mandatory for all employers to join an employer association (c) The acts were provide an extra three days holidays for all employees in the private sector (d) The acts would promote a “back door” trade union recognition.

Q24. In the last 20 years the EU has introduced all except one of the following measures:

(a) A provision for European Work Councils where a company has more than 500 employees across the EU. (b) A requirement for union recognition where a majority of workers ballot vote for such a union in a secret ballot. (c) A requirement for employers to introduce information and consultation arrangements in establishments of a certain size. (d) A requirement for involvement of workers representatives on the boards of a European Company set up under the European Company Statute.

Q25. Which of the following was identified by professor Bill Roche as a contributing factor to the breakdown of Social Partnership in Ireland?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Employers were concerned with the significant growth of TU density. The community and voluntary sector has absorbed the social partnership process. The social partnership process was unable to sustain a shift to concession bargaining. TU were very critical of the role of the national implementation body.

Q26. The Dublin lockout primarily involved a dispute over which of the following?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Pay � Conditions of employment � Union membership � The removal of immunities for trade disputes � The activities of the model unions �

Q27. The systems approach of John Dunlop to analysing industrial relations incorporates all except one of the following. Which is the odd one out?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Technology � Institutions � Budgetary constraints � Personality � Ideology �

Q29. When was the Irish Trade Union Congress (ITUC) founded?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

1868 � 1894 � 1912 � 1941

Q30. Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the Irish economy in the time periods specified?

(a) The 1920s was a period of protectionism that increased unionisation. (b) The Irish state had a policy of developing infant industries in the 1930 that increased unionisation. (c) The period of 1941-1945 was economically difficult because of unregulated wage increases leading to large scale employer lockouts. (d) The 1950s saw accelerating inflation in Ireland leading to increased strike activity. (e) National wage agreements effectively controlled inflation in the 1970s. (f) Q31. The Marxist view of industrial relations suggests which of the following?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Anarchy will result from the development of capitalism. � Industrial relations are about the institutional rules of job regulation. � If workers are not treated properly productivity will suffer. � Pay does not motivate—it merely satisfies. � Irreconcilable antagonism between classes, chiefly the working class and the bourgeoisie.

Q32. The large number of trade unions in Ireland of the 1950s can be seen as evidence of which of the following?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Effective membership recruitment by unions � Class consciousness � Status consciousness � Worker solidarity � Unwise government promotion of trade unionism

Q33. The Tolpuddle Martyrs case involved which of the following? (a) The transportation of six farm labourers to Australia for seven years for taking an illegal and seditious oath (b) The shooting dead of six farm labourers by Yeomanry in Tolpuddle � (c) The transportation of six farm labourers to Australia for joining an illegal combination (d) The transportation of six farm labourers to Australia for 20 years for organising a strike in Tolpuddle (e) The sentencing to death and subsequent execution of six workers wrongly accused of killing the master (owner) of a cotton mill in Tolpuddle

Q34. Which of the following amended the civil law removing trade unions from all liability under the law of tort?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

The Trade Union Act 1871 � The Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875 � The Employers and Workmen Act 1875 � The Taff Vale judgement of 1901 � The Trade Disputes Act 1906 �

Q35. In the Supreme Court appeal by SIPTU of the Nolan Transport (1998) v Halligan and Others case the court decided which of the following?

(a) The ballot had been properly conducted and as a result SIPTU was not liable for damages. (b) The ballot was a shambles and as a result SIPTU were liable for damages. � (c) Procedures had not been exhausted so SIPTU was liable for damages. � (d) A trade dispute existed so SIPTU was not liable for damages. � (e) SIPTU had breached an injunction and had to pay damages to Nolan Transport. �

Q36. The Industrial Relations Act 1990 did which of the following? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Withdrew all immunity from inter-union (worker v worker) trade disputes � Withdrew all immunity from individual disputes � Withdrew immunity from all secondary picketing Required a secret ballot prior to industrial action being lifted � Made binding arbitration compulsory in “disputes of interests” �

Q37. Constitutional cases in Ireland have established which of the following?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Trade unions have a right to be recognised by an employer. � Trade unions have a right to negotiation by an employer. � An employee cannot be denied membership of a trade union. � Employees have an implied constitutional right not to join a trade union. � The Constitution protects the right to strike. �

Q38. The report of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) into a complaint by the ICTU arising from the 2007 Supreme Court decision in the Ryanair v IMPACT case specified which of the following?

(a) A review should be conducted by the state to ensure respect for the freedom of association and collective bargaining principles. (a) The Irish state was in breach of its obligations under ILO Convention 98. � (b) The Irish state was not in breach of its obligations under ILO Convention Article 98. (c) Ryanair had appropriate collective bargaining procedures in place so there was no breach of ILO Convention 98 by the company.

(f) The Irish state was required under Convention 98 to make provision for union recognition.

Q39. Which of the options below most accurately completes the following sentence: The decisions in the Viking and Lavalle (2008) cases by the Court of Justice of the European Communities: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

are favoured by the ICTU. � are favoured by IBEC. � are being appealed by ICTU. � are being appealed by IBEC. � were opposed by the EU Commission.

Q40. Sidney and Beatrice Webb defined a trade union as which of the following? (a) An organisation of workers to collectively represent their interests � (b) A organisation of workers aiming to achieve political influence at both national and workplace level (a) An organisation of workers designed to set the price of labour through the exercise of quasi-monopoly power (b) A continuous association of wage earners with the objective of improving or maintaining conditions of employment (c) Any formal organisation of workers which acts to restrain trade

Q41. The early trade unions were known as trade clubs and were composed of which of the following?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Better-off skilled workers or journeymen � Semi-skilled workers displaced by machinery � Deprived and disposed unskilled workers � The luddites, who wrecked the new machinery in the cotton mills � Workers influenced by Marxist notions of class conflict �

Q42. Which of the following periods had the fastest growth in union membership in Ireland?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1913 to 1915 � The 1920s � 1945 to the early 1950s � 1952 to the early 1960s � 1970 to 1981 �

Q43. Based on data from the years 2008-2009, union density was found to be lowest in which of the following countries?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Japan � USA � Sweden � France � United Kingdom �

Q44. A representation gap is which of the following?

(a) The gap between union officials and union members � (b) The inability of trade unions to represent union members because of the recession � (c) The inability of trade unions to represent migrant workers because of language problems (d) The gap between higher employer organisation density and lower trade union density (e) The proportion of non-union employees who see a need for a union but are unable to join one.

Q45. Trade associations are to be distinguished from employer organisations. Which of the following activities would you expect to be exclusively conducted by a pure trade association?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Dealing with employer–employee relations generally � Dealing with industrial relations generally � Dealing with Labour Court cases � Dealing with unfair dismissal cases but not collective industrial relations issues �

(e) Dealing with the commercial and market interests of an industry �

Q46. In which of the following countries are employers required to be members of the peak employer organisation?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Sweden � Germany � Austria � Ireland � USA �

Q47. Which of the following acronyms stands for an employer organisation operating in the Irish construction industry?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

IBEC � CIF � LVA � SIMI � ISME �

Q48. Following the breakdown of national social partnership in 2009 which of the following did IBEC do?

(a) Took a High Court case to establish that the pay increases they had agreed to in the last social partnership agreement were not legally binding (b) Opposed the Governments new policy of social dialogue with unions � (c) Negotiated a protocol for orderly industrial relations in the private sector with the ICTU.

Q49. The results of a survey of MNCs by Lavelle et al. (2009) suggests which of the following?

(a) Very few non-union MNCs join any employer organisation � (b) Very few non-union MNCs join IBEC preferring Chambers Ireland � (c) Non-union MNCs tend to be members of trade associations but not an employer organisation (a) Some 85 per cent of non-union MNCs are members of IBEC � (b) Non-union MNCs have much higher levels of membership of IBEC than unionised (c) MNCs

Q50. The following acronyms stand for employer groupings. Which one is an industry specific employer association representing employers in the automotive industry?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

ISME � SIMI � IBEC � LVA � CIPD �

Q51. Which of the following employer bodies that claims to exclusively represent Irish entrepreneurs was most hostile to national social partnership?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

SFA � IHF � SIMI � CIF � ISME

Q52. Which of the following would you expect to be covered by a conciliation and arbitration (C&A) scheme?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Workers in the semi-state sector � Construction workers � Workers in vulnerable employments not represented by a union � Some public sector workers such as civil servants and Gardaí � The judiciary

Q53. Proposals for reform of industrial relations institutions in Ireland by the Minister for Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation, Richard Bruton, in 2011 have suggested which of

the following?

(a) Merging the Labour Court and the Labour Relations Commission (LRC) � (b) Abolition of the Employment Appeals Tribunal (EAT) and transferring responsibility for cases to the circuit court (c) Rationalising the current institutions dealing with employment matters into two bodies—a new Workplace Relations Commission and the Labour Court (d) Having all disputes over employment matters dealt with under two current bodies—the EAT for individual disputes and the LRC for collective disputes (e) Having just one body dealing with all employment disputes—a new Labour Relations Court

Q54. A unitarist approach to industrial relations embodies which of the following?

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

The view that conflict is functional o Trade unions are inevitable because of differences of interest o Anarchy o Revolution o A team approach

Q55. Individual employment legislation in Ireland is largely:

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Derived from constit...