Anthro Lab 1 Gummy bear - First Lab assignment PDF

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First Lab assignment...

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Physical Anthropology 1 Lab Professor Eastland 29 January 2018 Introduction: This lab will demonstrate the different steps in the scientific method. Throughout this lab, the scientific method will be used to gather the different information. The gummy bears will be tested on their absorbency and different reactions to the different types of liquid after a period of time. Osmosis is a process where the flow of water will move from a high concentration towards a low concentration area. The process of osmosis is being tested in this experiment where it usually takes place in living organisms rather than a non living organism such as a gummy bear. The experiment will see if osmosis take place in non-living organism such as gummy bears. State Problem/ Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to see what type of liquid does the gummy bear expands the best. Sometimes, gummy bear is served in bars with alcohol infused into the gummy bears, yet the gummy bear does not have much of a size difference according to pictures. There are different osmosis taking place in the gummy bear where in hypertonic solutions, the gummy bear will shrink. While, in hypotonic solutions, the gummy bear will expand bigger than their regular size. Hypothesis: If baking soda is used in baking to make baked goods to expand then the gummy bear will grow bigger in the baking soda solution. The independent variable for this experiment is the types of liquids that the gummy bear will be sitting in. The dependent variable is how big the gummy bear will grow. The controls for this experiment is the same color gummy from the

same bag, same container for the gummy bear, and same amount of liquid in the container. An extraneous variable can be the room temperature that the containers sit in. Materials: ● 5 same color gummy bear ● 4 same size cups (Solo Cups) ● 4 - 30 mL of water ● 2 Tsp of Granulated salt ● 2 Tsp of Baking Soda ● 2 Tsp of White Distilled Vinegar ● Ruler (used to measure the growth of the gummy bears) and a mixing tool (used to mix the salt and baking soda) ● Timer

Procedure: 1. Fill the cups with the 30mL and add in the separate salt, baking soda and white distilled vinegar in their own separate cup. The cups should be labeled with salt water, baking soda + water, vinegar, and water for no confusions. 2. Mix the mixtures thoroughly until most of the salt and baking soda is dissolved in the water. 3. Add in the gummy bears into the cups and leave one gummy bear for reference of how big the gummy bear grew. 4. Check the gummy bears after 1 hour, 2, hour and 5 hours and record your observations. A ruler should be used to measure the growth of the gummy bears. 5. The fifth gummy bear would be used to compare the results from the original gummy bear.

Data/ Results/Observations: After the first hour, the gummy bears that were left in the salt water, baking soda + water and water were softer than the original gummy bear. It become more fragile and it could break off into pieces if it was not handled with care. However, the gummy bear in the white distilled vinegar was stuck onto the bottom of cup and it was not as fragile as the other gummy bears. After 3 hours, the gummy bears in the water solutions got expanded more and the tip of the gummy bear hands were fading colors. A glimpse of clear was visible to the naked eye. After the 5th hour, the gummy bears remained in the same phase as before however it was slimy and harder to handle because it had a slippery texture. The gummy bear in the white distilled vinegar did soften up after the 3rd hour and became like the rest of the gummy bears. Growth of gummy bear after a period of time (hr)

0 hour

1 hour

3 hour

5 hour

Water only

1.8 cm

2 cm

2.5cm

3.3cm

Salt water

1.8cm

2cm

2.2cm

2.5cm

Baking soda + Water

1.8 cm

2.1cm

2.3cm

2.5cm

White Distilled Vinegar

1.8 cm

2.2cm

2.3cm

2.3cm

Measured with ∓ 0.1 uncertainty

Analysis/ Calculations:

In this experiment, it was hypothesized that the gummy bear that sits in the baking soda + water mixture will expand bigger than the other gummy bears. The graph shows that the gummy bear expanded the biggest in the water rather than any other liquid. Conclusion: In this lab, the gummy bears were placed into different liquid solutions and were observed over the period of 5 hours. It was hypothesized that the gummy bear will expand the biggest in the baking soda mixture because the usage of baking soda is for baked good to expand. Through this experiment, it was proven that the hypothesis was incorrect and in fact it expanded bigger in regular salt water. However, it was proven that hypotonic osmosis did take place in order for the gummy bears to expand into a bigger size. Osmosis was described as the movement of water moving from higher concentration to lower concentration through a semipermeable where it was shown that the gummy acted as a semipermeable in this experiment, where the different liquid moved into the gummy bear....