A&P Heart Blood Vessels Quiz PDF

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Heart Blood Vessels Quiz Review...

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Blood is supplied to your heart by two large blood vessels and their branches called coronary arteries. These arteries are on the outside of your heart muscle. Right coronary artery; supplies the bottom and back of your heart. Left coronary artery; divides into two large blood vessels. Left anterior descending and the circumflex arteries. Left coronary artery supplies blood to the back, left side and front of your heart. Blood vessels and their functions (blood vessels transport O2, nutrients, and hormones to cells of the body. Carry CO2 and waste away from cells) 1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

Arteries; Carry blood AWAY from heart. Arterioles; Very small, almost microscopic blood vessels that regulate the flow of blood from arteries to capillaries. Capillaries; Made up of only tunica interna (intima) and do not contain a tunica externa or tunica media. Microscopic blood vessels exchange blood gases and material between blood and tissues of the body. Capillaries branch in between cells that make up tissues, forming a capillary network. Network increases the surface area, allowing rapid exchange of large amounts of material between the blood and tissues. Capillaries connect arterioles to venules. Venules; Small, almost microscopic veins and are formed by a group of capillaries. Venules merge together to form veins. Veins; Carry blood toward the heart, consis of the same tunicae as arteries although they have a thinner tunica media and tunica externa. Blood in veins is not under as much pressure as it is in arteries. Vein have valves along their lumen to prevent backflow.

Lumen; the “hole” through which blood flows. **Blood is pumped through arteries, flows through veins, and oozes through capillaries** What are blood vessels composed of? Walls of arteries and veins contain the same layers (tunicae) Tunicae layers 1. Tunica externa/tunica adventitia; outermost CT layer, contains collagen and elastic fibers. 2. Tunica media; middle and thickest layer, containing elastic fibers and smooth muscle. 3.

Tunica interna/tunica intima; innermost layer, makes contact with blood and is composed of endothelium which is made up of squamous epithelial cells.

Coronary Sulcus; Groove on the outer surface of the heart that marks the division between the atrium and ventricles (atrioventricular groove) Each side of your heart has two chambers, an upper one (atrium) and a lower one (ventricle). Between each chamber are valves that keep blood moving in the right direction. Valves and their purposes: **Valves is to prevent backflow of blood** Atrioventricular valves Tricuspid semilunar valve; allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle. Pulmonary semilunar valve; allows blood to flow from your right ventricle to your lungs through pulmonary artery. Semilunar valves Bicuspid (mitral) valve; allows blood to flow from your left atrium to your left ventricle. Aortic valve; allows blood to flow from your left ventricle to all parts of your body through aorta. Systemic capillaries; blood loses O2 and gains CO2 Pulmonary capillaries; blood loses CO2 and gains O2

Location of the heart; mediastinum. Between the lungs Anterior (in front of) to the vertebral column Posterior (behind) the sternum Four divisions of the aorta 1. Ascending; travels superiorly from left ventricle to the arch. 2. Arch; from the arch the aorta travels inferiorly. 3. Thoracic; travels inferiorly through the thoracic cavity. 4. Abdominal; travels inferiorly through abdominal cavity....