Apush Exam Tips - Pages 813,814,816,825, and 830 - AP U.S. Government and Politics Crash Course PDF

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Pages 813,814,816,825, and 830...

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Emily Lubas AP Exam Tips

Pg 813) World War II had a major impact on the growth of the civil rights movement. During fascist war time, the United States and the Allies did everything in their power to demolish racism. Specifically, the Nazi party and their racist point of view, was needed to be destroyed. President Truman commented on the fact that the United States should inspire other nations to join together and go up against the Soviet Union. The black middle class grew immensely and produced thousands of more civil rights leaders, allowing for a better stand up against the racist issues. From these factors, civil rights movements were allowed to increase. Pg 814) World War II brought drastic changes for African American life and culture. Black workers tended to face extreme discrimination with unfair wages and awful working conditions. Those serving the army were in control by whites through segregation camps. Something had to be done. Marches were called on for Washington, with over hundreds and thousands of protesters, all femaning for equal opportunities. Eventually, Executive Order 8802 was passed in 1941 by president FDR. This made sure racial discrimination was no longer occurring, as long as protesters would no longer begin marches and riots on the capital. This showed white politicians and leaders, that they could potentially be influenced by african american pressures. In a way, teaching the whites a lesson. Pg 816) It took a decent amount of time before executive actions were to be taken regarding racial equality. At first, President Truman was against African American social equality, but he overall believed in equality. Although Congress did not support Truman, hence he turned to executive actions. In 1948, actions were taken as he desegregated employment and armed forces. Following, Truman demanded the abolishment of poll taxes and restoring the Fair Employment Practice Committee. The changes made from his messages, were to be made into laws. Without Truman taking action, racial equality would not so much exist. Pg 821) The Supreme Court played a role in supporting racial equality in the United States. During 1944 in court case Smith vs. Allwright, Marshall was able to persuade the Supreme Court that choosing whites over blacks and discriminating the blacks, is highly

unconstitutional. Eventually, the Supreme Court took his advice in the McLaurin vs. Oklahoma court case; this allowed African Americans to be treated just the same as whites on college campuses. This didn’t exactly change the racial issues entirely but put the Supreme Court on the right path to ending racial inequality. The main goal was for the Supreme Court was to use the 14th amendment and use convince board members that any white primaries are unconstitutional; blacks deserve the same as whites. Pg 825) During the late 1900s, civil rights leaders had very similar methods and goals to pass a serious civil rights bill, but most importantly pass it through Congress. Using non violent protests and taking legal actions, was the most efficient way to awaken the nation and share their ideas of ridding discrimination. Martin Luther King Jr. based his protesting to be nonviolent. He established sit ins, freedom rides, marches and gave speeches to get the word out about his view on African American discrimination. Many looked up to him and followed in his steps to further protest the racism without using violence. Rosa Parks, the black women who wouldn’t give up her seat on the bus for a white man, was arrested and violated for not obeying segregation rules. Although, she became a legend and stood up for the black community, which triggered many to do the same. Overall, civil rights leaders simply desired blacks to have the same rights as whites and to settle that peacefully or nonviolently. Pg 830) Congress played a tragic role in supporting better and greater racial equality for the United States. Tragic meaning it added more problems to discrimination then there was before, now containing violence. Congress constantly denied and blocked President Kennedy’s legislation and fight for civil rights. Any bill attempted to be passed with the words “social equality” were refused. Tragedies began due to the tension and anger. A church was bombed, black children were killed, and even President Kennedy was assassinated. It wasn’t until 1964 that Congress finally approved a civil rights law. Known as the Civil Rights Law of 1964, which outlawed discrimination during employment, access to public accommodations, and now jon discrimination for equal opportunities. Although efforts were big, Congress remained stubborn yet eventually allowed civil rights movements to pass....