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4/17/13

Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ANP1105DWinter2013 Assignment10:BloodVessels:Chapter19

SignedinasAlexSokolowski

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Assignment10:BloodVessels:Chapter19 Due:11:59pmonMonday,April8,2013 Note:Tounderstandhowpointsareawarded,readyourinstructor'sGradingPolicy.

ArtlabelingActivity:Figure19.1b(1of2)

PartA Dragtheappropriatelabelstotheirrespectivetargets. ANSWER:

Correct

ArtlabelingActivity:Figure19.1b(2of2)

PartA Dragtheappropriatelabelstotheirrespectivetargets. ANSWER:

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

Correct

ArtlabelingActivity:Figure19.2(1of2)

PartA Dragtheappropriatelabelstotheirrespectivetargets. ANSWER:

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question1 PartA Whichlayerofthetypicalbloodvesselisconstructedfromsimplesquamousepithelium?

ANSWER: tunicaexterna tunicamedia tunicaintima vasavasorum

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question4 PartA Whichtypeofvesselcontainselastininallthreetunicstoallowthevesseltoexpandandrecoilastheheartejectsblood?

ANSWER: muscularartery arteriole distributingartery elasticartery

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question5 PartA Whattypeofvesselhasrelativelymoresmoothmuscleandlesselastictissue?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ANSWER: capillary muscularartery arteriole elasticartery

Correct

Chapter19MultipleChoiceQuestion20

PartA Whichtunicofanarteryismostresponsibleformaintainingbloodpressureandcontinuousbloodcirculation? ANSWER: tunicaadventitia tunicaexterna tunicaintima tunicamedia

Correct

ArtlabelingActivity:Figure19.3

PartA Dragtheappropriatelabelstotheirrespectivetargets.

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19 ANSWER:

Correct

ArtlabelingActivity:Figure19.4

PartA Dragtheappropriatelabelstotheirrespectivetargets. ANSWER:

Correct

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

Chapter19ChapterTestQuestion2 PartA Gasandnutrientexchangesbetweenthebloodandtissuestakeplaceatthe__________. ANSWER: arteries arterioles veins capillaries

Correct Capillariesarethesitesfornutrientandgasexchangesbetweenthebloodandtheinterstitialfluidaroundtissues.

Chapter19ReadingQuizQuestion3 PartA Whichcapillariesarethemostcommoninthebody? ANSWER: continuouscapillaries anastomoses fenestratedcapillaries sinusoids

Correct Continuouscapillariesarethemostcommontypeofcapillariesinthebody.

Chapter19MultipleChoiceQuestion32

PartA Whichofthefollowingisnottrueregardingfenestratedcapillaries? ANSWER: Fenestratedcapillariesformthebloodbrainbarrier. Fenestratedcapillariesinthesmallintestinereceivenutrientsfromdigestedfood. Fenestratedcapillariesareessentialforfiltrationofbloodplasmainthekidney. Fenestratedcapillariesinendocrineorgansallowhormonesrapidentryintotheblood.

Correct

Chapter19ChapterTestQuestion4 PartA Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutveins?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19 ANSWER: Veinscarrybloodawayfromtheheart,whilearteriescarrybloodtotheheart. Veinsaremoremuscularthanarteries. Veinshaveasmallerdiameterlumenthanarteries. Veinshavevalves;arteriesdonot.

Correct Veinshavevalves;arteriesdonot.Veinshavevalvestopreventthebackflowofblood.

Chapter19HomeostaticImbalanceQuestion1 PartA Varicoseveinsseeninthesuperficialveinsofthelegsareunsightlyandoftentreatedbysurgicallyremovingthem.However,evenwithoutthese veinsbeingpresent,thereturnofallbloodtowardtheheartfromthelegsisnotdiminishedprimarilybecause______. ANSWER: theprecapillarysphincterswillcontracttopreventbloodfromflowingtowardareaswhereveinshavebeenremoved bloodcanstillreturnviathedeepveins intheabsenceofthevenousvalves(thathavebeenremoved),thebloodwillbackflowintothecapillarybedsandthenflowintoother venules Allofthelistedresponsesarecorrect.

Correct Theleghasacomplexandhighlybranchedvenoussystem.Thesuperficialanddeepveinsanastamosewitheachotheratmanypoints alongtheirlength.

Chapter19True/FalseQuestion15

PartA Arteriessupplyingthesameterritoryareoftenmergedwithoneanother,formingarterialanastomoses. ANSWER: True False

Correct

Chapter19ChapterTestQuestion16 PartA Vasodilationwillresultinincreasedbloodflowtoagiventissue. ANSWER: True False

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

Correct

Chapter19ReadingQuizQuestion4 PartA WhichofthefollowingisNOTanimportantsourceofresistancetobloodflow? ANSWER: vesseldiameter vessellength bloodviscosity totalbloodvolume

Correct Totalbloodvolumeisnotanimportantsourceofresistancetobloodflow.However,bloodvolumedoeshaveadirecteffectonblood pressure.

Chapter19MultipleChoiceQuestion24

PartA Whichofthefollowingisthemostsignificantsourceofbloodflowresistance? ANSWER: totalbloodvessellength bloodvesseldiameter bloodvesselstype bloodviscosity

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question7 PartA Calculatemeanarterialpressure(MAP)ifsystolicbloodpressureis120mmHganddiastolicbloodpressureis70mmHg.

ANSWER:

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19 93mmHg 80mmHg 87mmHg 95mmHg

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question8 PartA Whatbloodvesselexperiencesthesteepestdropinbloodpressure?

ANSWER: venules capillaries arterioles arteries

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question9 PartA Whatvesselssustainadropinpressurefromapproximately35mmHgtoaround17mmHg?

ANSWER:

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19 arterioles veins capillaries elasticarteries

Correct

Chapter19ChapterTestQuestion18 PartA Asustainedbloodpressureof140/90orgreaterindicateshypertensioninthepatient. ANSWER: True False

Correct

Chapter19ReadingQuizQuestion5 PartA Whyisitimportantthatbloodpressuredroptolowerlevelsasitreachesthecapillarybeds? ANSWER: Becausecapillariesactuallyneedahigherbloodpressureforfiltrationactivities. Becausecapillariesarefragileandextremelypermeable. Becausecapillariesactuallyarehighpressurevessels. Becausecapillariesdependonthelowerpressuretopreventfluidexchangebetweenthecapillariesandthetissuefluid.

Correct Lowcapillarypressuresaredesirablebecausecapillariesarefragileandhighpressureswouldrupturethem.Mostcapillariesareextremely permeableandthuseventhelowpressureforcessolutecontainingfluidsoutofthebloodstreamintotheinterstitialspace.

Chapter19MultipleChoiceQuestion34

PartA Factorsthataidvenousreturnincludeall except________. ANSWER: pressurechangesinthethorax venousvalves activityofskeletalmuscles urinaryoutput

Correct session.masteringaandp.com/myct/assignmentPrintView?assignmentID=1594769

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

IP:ArterialBaroreceptorReflex ClickonthelinkortheimagebelowtoexploreArterialBaroreceptorReflexinInteractivePhysiology(IP),thenanswerthequestionstotheright. IP:ArterialBaroreceptorReflex

PartA Wherearethesensorsforthearterialbaroreceptorreflexlocated?

Hint1. Thearterialbaroreceptorreflexisatypicalnegativefeedbacksystemwithsensors,acontrolcenter,andeffectors.

ANSWER: carotidsinusandaorticarch cardiovascularcentersinthemedullaoblongata Thesympatheticandparasympatheticnervoussystems

Correct Yes,thesensorsarethearterialbaroreceptorsthemselves,locatedatthecarotidsinusandaorticarch.Theydetectchangesinblood pressurebythedegreeofstretchonthebloodvessel.

PartB Ifbloodpressureisincreasedatthearterialbaroreceptors,whatwouldhappenwiththeactivityleveloftheparasympatheticnervoussystem (PNS)andsympatheticnervoussystem(SNS)?

Hint1. Thinkabouthoweachsystemwouldaffectbloodpressure.

ANSWER: increasedPNSactivityanddecreasedSNSactivity increasedPNSandSNSactivity decreasedPNSactivityandincreasedSNSactivity

Correct Yes,thePNSactivitywouldincreaseandtheSNSactivitywoulddecreaseinanattempttolowerbloodpressure.

PartC Whichofthefollowingwouldcausevasodilationofarterioles?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

Hint1. Vasodilationwouldresultinadecreaseinbloodpressure.

ANSWER: increasedactivityofthesympatheticnervoussystem decreasedactivityoftheparasympatheticnervoussystem increasedactivityoftheparasympatheticnervoussystem decreasedactivityofthesympatheticnervoussystem

Correct Yes,adecreaseintheactivityofthesympatheticnervoussystemwouldresultindecreasedactivityofvasomotorfibers,resultingin vasodilation.

PartD Stimulationoftheadrenalmedullawouldresultinwhichofthefollowing?

Hint1. Theadrenalmedullaispartofwhichsystemintheautonomicnervoussystem?

ANSWER: vasodilationofarteries anincreaseinheartrateandcontractility adecreaseinbloodpressure adecreaseincardiacoutput

Correct Yes,epinephrineandnorepinephrinearereleasedfromtheadrenalmedullaandactaspartofthesympatheticnervoussystem,increasing heartrateandcontractility.Epinephrineandnorepinephrinehaveothereffectsthatwouldalsoincreasebloodpressure.

PartE Adecreaseinbloodpressureatthearterialbaroreceptorswouldresultinwhichofthefollowing?

Hint1. Thinkabouthowthesympatheticandparasympatheticnervoussystemswouldalterbloodpressure.

ANSWER: adecreaseinheartrate vasodilationofarterioles adecreaseincardiacoutput anincreaseinheartcontractility

Correct Yes,sympatheticnervoussystemactivitywouldbeincreasedbecauseofthelowbloodpressure.Sympatheticfibersgototheventriclesof theheartandincreasetheircontractility.Anincreaseincontractilitywouldincreasestrokevolumewhichwouldleadtoanincreaseincardiac outputandbloodpressure.

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ArtQuestionChapter19Question10 PartA Whichhormoneoftheindirectrenalmechanismpromotessodiumreabsorptionbythekidneystoincreasemeanarterialpressure?

ANSWER: atrialnatriureticpeptidehormone(ANP) aldosterone thirst antidiuretichormone(ADH)

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question11 PartA WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthefourwaysinwhichangiotensinIIworkstoincreasearterialbloodpressureandextracellularfluidvolume?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ANSWER: AngiotensinIIpromptsthereleaseofantidiuretichormone(ADH). AngiotensinIItriggersthesensationofthirst. AngiotensinIIstimulatesthesecretionofaldosterone. AngiotensinIIpromotesvasodilationthatdecreasesperipheralresistance.

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question12 PartA Whichofthefollowingwouldbeinterruptedintheindirectrenalmechanismifangiotensinconvertingenzyme(ACE)isblockedfromperformingits job?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ANSWER: conversionofangiotensinIintoangiotensinII releaseofreninfromthekidneys sympatheticnervoussystemactivity conversionofangiotensinIfromangiotensinogen

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question13 PartA Whichofthefollowingisametabolicfactorthatinfluencesbloodflow?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ANSWER: reducedstretchofvascularsmoothmuscle decreasedsympathetictone lowoxygenlevels releaseofepinephrinefromtheadrenalmedulla

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question14 PartA Whichofthefollowingpromotesvasodilation?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ANSWER: antidiuretichormone(ADH) norepinephrine angiotensinII nitrousoxide

Correct

ArtQuestionChapter19Question15 PartA Whichofthefollowingintrinsicmechanisms(autoregulation)forcontrollingarteriolarsmoothmusclediameterpromotesvasoconstriction?

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19

ANSWER: prostaglandins histamine nitrousoxide endothelins

Correct

Chapter19ChapterTestQuestion8 PartA Whichofthefollowingisinvolvedinlongtermbloodpressureregulation? ANSWER: baroreceptors higherbraincenter chemoreceptorreflexes renalmechanisms

Correct Longtermcontrolofbloodpressureisachievedthroughdirectandindirectrenal(kidney)controlmechanisms.

Chapter19ChapterTestQuestion10 PartA Whichofthefollowingwouldexperienceadecreasedbloodflowduringexercise? ANSWER:

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19 skeletalmuscles brain skin kidneys

Correct ThekidneysandtheGItract(i.e.thestomachandintestines)wouldhaveadecreasedbloodflowduringexercise.

Chapter19ClinicalApplicationQuestion4

PartA Whatwouldbetheeffectofahighsaltdietonbloodpressure?Whatisthephysiologicalbasisforyouranswer? ANSWER: Increasedbloodpressure.Thisisduetoincreasedsodiumintheblood,triggeringsodiumreceptorsinthevasomotorcentertoincrease sympatheticstimulationofbloodvessels. Decreasedbloodpressure.Thisisduetoincreasedsodiumintheblood,increasingthetotalextracellularfluidvolume. Increasedbloodpressure.Thisisduetoincreasedsodiumintheblood,increasingthetotalextracellularfluidvolume. Decreasedbloodpressure.Thisisduetoincreasedsodiumintheblood,triggeringsodiumreceptorsinthevasomotorcenterto decreasesympatheticstimulationofbloodvessels.

Correct

Chapter19ClinicalApplicationQuestion6

PartA Howwouldanattackbyamuggereffectbloodpressure?Whatisthephysiologicalbasisforyouranswer? ANSWER: Bloodpressurewoulddecreaseduetoparasympatheticnervoussystemstimulation. Bloodpressurewouldincreaseduetoparasympatheticnervoussystemstimulation. Bloodpressurewouldincreaseduetosympatheticnervoussystemstimulation. Bloodpressurewoulddecreaseduetosympatheticnervoussystemstimulation. Bloodpressurewouldincreaseduetovagalnervestimulation.

Correct

Chapter19ClinicalApplicationQuestion9

PartA Mr.Wilsonisa45yearoldstockbrokerwithessentialhypertension.HeisAfricanAmerican,obese,andhesmokes23packsofcigarettesdaily. WhatriskfactorsforhypertensionaretypifiedbyMr.Wilson?Whatcomplicationsarelikelyifcorrectivestepsarenottaken? ANSWER:

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Assignment 10: Blood Vessels: Chapter 19 Theriskfactorsareobesity,race,ahighstressjob,andsmoking.Complicationscouldincludeatherosclerosis,heartfailure,renal failure,andstroke. Theriskfactorsareobesity,race,andahighstressjob.Complicationscouldincludeatherosclerosis,heartfailure,andstroke. Theriskfactorsareobesityandrace.Complicationscouldincludeatherosclerosisandheartfailure. Theriskfactorsareobesity,race,andsmoking.Complicationscouldincludeatherosclerosis,heartfailure,andstroke. Theriskfactorsarerace,ahighstressjob,andsmoking.Complicationscouldincludeheartfailure,renalfailure,andstroke.

Correct

Chapter19ClinicalApplicationQuestion10

PartA Apregnantpatientcomesintoaclinicandasksaboutasmalldarkbulgethatisbecomingmoreapparentonherleg.Whatisitandwhatcaused it? ANSWER: Hemorrhoids.Thegrowingfetusputsdownwardpressureontheveinsofthegroinandrestrictsthereturnofbloodtotheheart,causing thevalvesintheperipheralveinstobegintofail. Avaricosevein.Thegrowingfetusputsdownwardpressureonthevesselsofthegroinandrestrictsthereturnofbloodtotheheart, causingthevalvesintheperipheralveinstobegintofail. Ananeurysm,causedbyaweakeningoftheveinduetochronichypertensionorarteriosclerosis. Phlebitis,whichistypicallycausedbyabacterialinfectionorphysicaltrauma.

Correct

Chapter19MultipleChoiceQuestion28

PartA Whichofthefollowingdonotinfluencearterialpulserate? ANSWER: posturalchanges thevesselselectedtopalpa...