Astro-7N Test-1 Sample Qs key PDF

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Astro 7N — Sample Questions for Test 1

1.

What two properties of a planet affect the gravity we feel on its surface? A: B: C: ➔ D: E:

2.

Two planets have the same radius. If Planet A is 5 times more massive than Planet B, how does gravity differ on the surfaces of the two planets? A: ➔ B: C: D: E:

3.

gravity is 5 times stronger on Planet B gravity is 5 times stronger on Planet A gravity is 25 times stronger on Planet A gravity is 25 times stronger on Planet B gravity is equal on Planet A and Planet B

Say that there were a planet X in our Solar System with a mass 1/4 the mass of Earth and a radius 1/2 the radius of Earth. How will the gravity on its surface compare to the surface gravity of Earth? A: B: ➔ C: D: E:

4.

radius and distance from the Sun radius and temperature mass and distance from the Sun mass and radius mass and temperature

surface gravity on planet X is 2 times weaker than on Earth surface gravity on planet X is 2 times stronger than on Earth surface gravity on planet X is the same as on Earth surface gravity on planet X is 8 times stronger than on Earth surface gravity on planet X is 4 times weaker than on Earth

A planet in a nearly circular orbit with its rotation axis tilted by 5 degrees relative to its orbital plane around its star would ... A: B: C: D: ➔ E:

have longer days and nights than those of Earth have very severe seasons compared to Earth have shorter years than those of Earth have shorter days and nights than those of Earth have seasons that are not very different from each other as compared to Earth's.

5.

The rotation axis of the Earth is ... A: B: ➔ C: D: E:

6.

tilted so that it is always pointed directly at the Sun is sometimes parallel and sometimes perpendicular to the axis of the Earth's orbit around the Sun. tilted at about 23 degrees relative to the axis of the Earth's orbit around the Sun. perpendicular to the axis of the Earth's orbit around the Sun. parallel to the axis of the Earth's orbit around the Sun.

In the diagram above, what season and planet is being represented by the red X on the planet on the left in orbit around the Sun? A: B: C: D: ➔ E:

winter on Earth summer on Earth winter on Venus winter on Uranus summer on Uranus

7.

When is the waning gibbous moon highest in the sky? A: ➔ B: C: D: E:

8.

about 9:00am about 3:00am about noon about midnight about 3:00pm

What phase is the Moon in, when observed by the person standing on the Earth in the diagram above? A: ➔ B: C: D: E:

New Third Quarter Waning Gibbous Full First Quarter

9.

At what time will the Moon set on the day of a Solar eclipse? A: B: ➔ C: D: E:

10.

Stars that are in the same constellation ...

A: B: ➔ C: D: E: 11.

Ursa Minor is a Zodiac constellation in the winter but not in the summer. Ursa Minor is a Zodiac constellation in the summer but not in the winter. Ursa Minor is not a Zodiac constellation. The Zodiac constellations are located near the axis below the South pole. Ursa Minor is a Zodiac constellation all year.

A particular Zodiac constellation is high in the sky at midnight in April. Where will it be in October?

A: ➔ B: C: D: E: 13.

appear in all different directions around the sky. are all at close to the same distance from us. are likely to be at very different distances from us. are all in our Solar System. are all in orbit around the same larger star.

The "North Star" is a star in the constellation of Ursa Minor, which lies just above the North pole of Earth. Which of the following is true?

A: B: ➔ C: D: E: 12.

Sunrise. Noon. Sunset. Midnight. It will not set at all. It will be up for 24 hours.

high in the sky at midnight near the Sun in the daytime sky near the horizon a couple of hours after sunset near the horizon a couple of hours before sunrise visible at midnight, but only from the Southern hemisphere

What do you expect the spectrum of an object that is 1,000,000 Kelvin to be like?

A: B: ➔ C: D: E:

It should peak at radio wavelengths. It should peak at violet wavelengths. It should peak at X-ray wavelengths. It should give off less total light than the Sun. It should give off about 10 times more total light than the Sun.

14.

As compared to a cool star, a hotter star emits ...

A: ➔ B: C: D: E: 15.

Radio waves can travel large distances without interference because ...

A: B: ➔ C: D: E: 16.

they have shorter wavelengths than visible light they have higher energies than visible light they have longer wavelengths than visible light they travel at the speed of light they travel slower than the speed of light

Compared to ultraviolet radiation, X-rays have a wavelength that is ...

A: B: ➔ C: D: E: 17.

shorter wavelength, lower frequency, bluer color shorter wavelength, higher frequency, bluer color longer wavelength, higher frequency, bluer color shorter wavelength, higher frequency, redder color shorter wavelength, lower frequency, redder color

the same longer shorter sometimes shorter and sometimes longer zero

Star A is 4000 K, and Star B is 8000 K. Which of the following is true? A:

B: ➔ C: D: E:

The wavelength of the dominant light from Star A is shorter than that from Star B. The color of Star A is bluer than Star B. The color of Star A is redder than Star B. The two stars have the same color. The frequency of the dominant light from Star A is larger/higher than that from Star B.

18.

In the diagram above, what is happening in the box in the center?

A: B: C: ➔ D: E: 19.

A star is a hot, dense gas surrounded by a cooler, low density atmosphere. What type of spectrum will a star create?

A: ➔ B: C: D: E: 20.

helium gas is emitting photons at specific wavelengths a continuous spectrum is being produced electrons are being absorbed by hydrogen gas hydrogen gas is absorbing photons at specific wavelengths photons are being emitted at specific wavelengths

blackbody spectrum absorption spectrum continuous spectrum hydrogen spectrum emission spectrum

What makes a transition from a lower energy state to a higher energy state when a photon is absorbed into an atom?

A: B: C: ➔ D: E:

proton photon neutron electron graviton

21.

An emission line is produced when:

A: B: C: ➔ D: E: 22.

Bright lines in an emission spectrum represent:

➔ A: B: C: D: E:

23.

wavelength of light being observed eyepiece it uses the expertise of the astronomer in focusing light diameter of the opening of the telescope magnification of the telescope

In what ways does a 5 meter telescope outperform a 1 meter telescope?

A: ➔ B: C: D: E: 25.

particular energies of light that are emitted from a distant object photons absorbed when an electron jumps from a higher to a lower energy flaws in the telescopes and spectroscopes that astronomers use to measure spectra regions from which light travels more rapidly and reaches us more quickly photons absorbed when an electron jumps from a lower to a higher energy level

The faintness of an object that a telescope can observe is mostly determined by the ...

A: B: C: ➔ D: E: 24.

a proton passes from a higher to a lower energy level. a proton passes from a lower to a higher energy level. an electron passes from a lower to a higher energy level. an electron passes from a higher to a lower energy level. radiation passes through the outer layers of a star.

All objects observed by the 5 meter will appear larger. Its images are 25 times brighter than a 1 meter. It will produce better "seeing" than the 1 meter. It can observe light with a wavelength 5 times longer than the 1 meter. It will not suffer from spherical aberration like the 1 meter.

A mountain top is a good location for optical telescopes because the site ...

A: B: C: ➔ D: E:

has cold weather which improves the performance of the instruments is closer to astronomical objects has warm weather which improves the performance of the instruments is above much of the atmosphere has high altitude which expands the glass in the mirror and makes it smoother

26.

Which statement about the rotation of the Inner planets is true?

➔ A: B: C: D: E: 27.

Which of the following is TRUE? A: B: C:

➔ D: E: 28.

B: ➔ C: D: E:

Collisions between planetesimals destroyed all planets that would have been elsewhere. The Sun’s gravity forced them into these orbits. The early solar nebula flattened into a disk. The angular momentum of the solar system was kept to a minimum this way. This happened purely by chance.

Of these choices, which planet has the most moons?

A: B: ➔ C: D: E: 30.

The average surface temperature of Venus is about 30 degrees Fahrenheit. Mercury has a very thick atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide. The runaway greenhouse effect causes the present temperatures on Mars to exceed those on Earth. Mercury rotates exactly one and a half times for every one revolution around the Sun. Venus has no volcanoes on its surface.

Why do the orbits of the planets all lie in nearly the same plane? A:

29.

Venus rotates in the opposite direction from the three others. All rotate in the same direction. The rotation periods of all of them are the same — i.e., 1 Earth day. All have rotation periods of 365 Earth days. All have rotation periods about equal to their periods to orbit the Sun.

Earth Mercury Saturn Mars Venus

Venus is visible to us ...

➔ A: B: C: D: E:

only near sunrise or sunset. only during the several hours around midnight. only in the winter. only in the summer. only during its new phase.

31.

A planet is in orbit around the Sun. The semimajor axis of the orbit is 5 Astronomical Units (AU). Use P 2 = a 3 to calculate the period of the orbit, in years.

A: B: C: D: ➔ E:

32.

In the above diagram, how should the parameters of the white curve be changed in order that it matches the observed distance versus time graph of Callisto?

A: ➔ B: C: D: E: 33.

5 years 0.2 years 135 years 125 years 11.2 years

increase a and decrease P increase P and shift the curve decrease a and decrease P shift the curve and increase a decrease P and decrease a

How do most craters on moons form?

A: B: C: D: ➔ E:

by volcanic activity running water by seismic activity (earthquakes) earthquakes impact of asteroids

34.

Which planet has a temperature of 800 degrees Fahrenheit on the side facing the Sun and –290 degrees Fahrenheit on the side opposite the Sun?

A: B: C: D: ➔ E: 35.

How many Earth years does it take Uranus to orbit the Sun?

➔ A: B: C: D: E: 36.

asteroids or comet debris that pass into Earth’s atmosphere and burn up a group of rocky objects between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn comets that are vaporized when they pass very close to the Sun comets that escape the Solar System without being vaporized by the Sun a group of rocky objects between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter

Which feature of Neptune is most responsible for its blue color?

➔ A: B: C: D: E: 38.

84 1 0.48 2.4 0.27

Meteors are ...

➔ A: B: C: D: E: 37.

Mars Venus Earth Jupiter Mercury

methane in its atmosphere auroral activity due to its strong magnetic field excess energy emitted by the interior winds blowing at speeds almost that of sound large oceans covering most of the surface

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A: ➔ B: C: D: E:

Neither Uranus or Neptune have ring systems. The planet Saturn has more than 30 moons. There is no evidence to suggest that either Jupiter or Saturn has a liquid metallic or rocky core beneath its gas layers. The Great Red Spot is a dust storm near the South polar cap of Mars. Jupiter’s solid surface lies just below the cloud layers visible from Earth.

39.

The surface of Venus is hotter than the surface of Mercury because ... A: B:

C: ➔ D: E: 40.

Which of the following is moving fastest in the orbit?

➔ A: B: C: D: E: 41.

D: E:

Venus has a density of 5.2 grams per cubic centimeter All Terrestrial planets have densities much higher than the density of water Saturn has a density of 4.8 grams per cubic centimeter, similar to metals like aluminum and iron The density of Jupiter is 1.3 grams per cubic centimeter, similar to the density of milk. The density of Mercury is greater than the density of Uranus.

Which of the following objects have a dark/black sky, even in the daytime?

A: B: C: ➔ D: E: 43.

Venus at its perihelion (closest point to Sun) Venus at its aphelion (farthest point from Sun) Mars at its perihelion (closest point to Sun) Mars at its aphelion (farthest point from Sun) Neptune at its aphelion (farthest point from Sun)

Which of the following is FALSE?

A: B: ➔ C:

42.

Venus is closer to the Sun than Mercury. Mercury’s atmosphere prevents radiation from penetrating through to its surface. of the volcanic activity that occurs on Venus. Venus is more massive and is able to retain a thick atmosphere. Venus is smaller than Mercury so it does not require so much energy to heat it.

both Venus and Mars both Mercury and Mars both the Moon and Earth both the Moon and Mercury both Earth and Titan

Which of the following is the largest distance?

➔ A: B: C: D: E:

the distance from Jupiter to Saturn the distance from the Sun to the Earth the distance from the Earth to the Moon the distance from Earth to Mars the distance from Mercury to Venus

44.

Where on the Venn diagram, above, does the clue “Tail always points away from the Sun” belong?

A B ➔ C D E 45.

Which of the following is NOT required in order to classify a Solar System object as a planet (instead of a dwarf planet)?

A: B: C: D: ➔ E:

It must not be a moon around another object. It must be massive enough to be nearly round. It must orbit the Sun. It must clear the region around its orbit. It must be larger than all of the moons in the Solar System

46.

Which of the following planets looks the most like the Earth's Moon?

➔ A: B: C: D: E: 47.

Which is NOT a characteristic of a comet?

A: B: C: ➔ D: E: 48.

Mercury Venus Neptune Uranus Mars

tails point away from the Sun tails become more prominent when comet is close to the Sun highly elliptical orbit most orbit the Sun in between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter they move slowly across the sky

Which of the following is the cause of an aurora?

A: B: C: D: ➔ E:

collisions of plates on Earth that float on the surface of denser fluid below Greenhouse gases that trap infrared radiation inside an atmosphere The ozone layer that prevents UV radiation from entering an atmosphere Rapid spinning of a planet that mixes up its magnetic field lines Solar wind particles that hit the atmosphere of a planet

49.

In the diagram above, which planets have temperatures lower than –200 degrees Fahrenheit?

➔ A: B: C: D: E: 50.

all the Jovian planets Earth and Venus only Uranus and Neptune only all the Terrestrial planets Mars, Jupiter, and Earth

Which planet is this in the picture? (to the right)

A: ➔ B: C: D: E:

Mercury Venus Jupiter Saturn Uranus...