Basic Logic Cheat Sheet Practice PDF

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Basic Ar Argum gum guments: ents: V Valid? alid? Sound? Counter Counterar ar argum gum gument? ent? 1.

a.) Valid b.) Not sound c.) You do not pass the test

2.

a.) Not valid b.) Not sound c.) They might be in trouble for another reason

3.

a.) Valid b.) Sound c.) Therefore, Tom didn’t steal the cookie

4. a.) Valid b.) Sound c.) The grass is not green for a separate reason 5.

a.) Not valid b.) Not sound c.) Just because Socrates is mortal doesn’t mean that all men are

6.

a.) Not valid b.) Not sound c.) Someone dumped water on the grass to make it wet

PEE’ing Ar Argum gum guments ents 1.

a.) Premise 1: If Jane went to the party, then she would be exhausted Premise 2: Jane was not exhausted Conclusion: Therefore, Jane did not go to the party b.) Jane was seen the next morning not exhausted c.) It is valid (modus tollens) and there is good reason to believe it is true

2.

a.) Premise 1: If Jack’s living room is not messy, then he did not get the puppy Premise 2: Jack’s living room is not messy Conclusion: Therefore, Jack did not get the puppy

b.) Jack’s living room was seen very neat, and if he got the puppy, it would be messy c.) It is not valid (Denying the antecedent), and there is not good reason to believe it is true 3.

a.) Premise 1: If something has rights, then it has the ability to be morally autonomous and self legislative Premise 2: Animals are not morally autonomous and self legislative Conclusion: Animals do not have rights b.) Animals do not have the qualifications according to Carl Cohen’s definition c.) It is not valid (Denying the antecedent), and there is not good reason to believe it is true

4. a.) Premise 1: There is no independent standard to judge between moral codes Premise 2: An act can only be permissible when the moral code of society says that it is morally permissible Conclusion: Cultural relativism is true b.) There is a lot of disagreement between cultures c.) It is not valid (Cultural Differences Argument), and there is not a good reason to believe it is true...