Biological Rhythms PDF

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Biological rhythms:ContentsBasic principles, formal properties, entrainment, phase response curves............................................. 1Photoreception......................................................................................................................................SCN clo...

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Biological rhythms: Contents Basic principles, formal properties, entrainment, phase response curves.............................................1 Photoreception......................................................................................................................................3 SCN clock: molecular clockwork, input and output pathways–part 1....................................................6 Peripheral clocks....................................................................................................................................7 Jetlag and shift-work..............................................................................................................................7 Chronopharmacology............................................................................................................................9 Blindness as a model...........................................................................................................................10 Photoperiodism...................................................................................................................................10 Tools for studying circadian rhythms...................................................................................................11 Clocks and mental health....................................................................................................................12 Ageing and sleep.................................................................................................................................13 Non-circadian rhythms and metabolism..............................................................................................15 Homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleep....................................................................................16 Melatonin............................................................................................................................................17 Metabolism/nutrition/clocks...............................................................................................................19

Basic principles, formal properties, entrainment, phase response curves. Definition- a cyclical biological event (physiological, biochemical, behavioural) that regularly recurs at a defined time period.

Period (T/tau)- the time interval between a specific point in the cycle and the next/ the length of time it takes to complete 1 cycle. Periods can be:     

Ultradian 24hrs but 24hrs (phase delay), the person will need a daily phase advance to stay entrained to the outside light/dark cycle. Without it, they will become active later each day. If tau is 24hrs, and minimum body temperature is at the beginning of sleep. Experiments to prove SCN-in animals (nocturnal animals- intrinsic rhythm...