Biology Cellular and Molecular Functions PDF

Preview

Summary

Biology Cellular and Molecular Functions. Biology Cellular and Molecular Functions Biology Cellular and Molecular Functions Biology Cellular and Molecular Functions...

Description

Momentum Conservation in Explosions Purpose: To gather evidence that can be used to support a claim that total system momentum is or is not conserved in an explosion. Background: The objects involved in an explosion are often considered as a system. Provided that the system of two objects is not experiencing a net external impulse, there would be no change in momentum of the system. If one object within the system loses momentum, it is gained by the other object within the system. The combined momentum of both objects would be conserved. Getting Ready: Navigate to the Collision Carts Interactive in the Physics Interactives section of The Physics Classroom website: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Momentum-and-Collisions/Collision-Carts Once the Interactive opens, resize it as desired. Select the Explosions option (at the bottom). Experiment with changing the Mass of the two carts; leave the Initial Velocity at 0 m/s. Observe how the position of the carts along the track can be changed by dragging. Learn to Start, Pause, and Reset the animation. Explosion 1: Red Cart More Massive than the Blue Cart Set the initial velocities of both carts to 0 m/s. Set the mass of the red cart to be the greater mass. Run the simulation and record the mass and velocity values. Before Explosion

mRed = 3 kg

After Explosion

mBlue = 1 kg

Use mass and velocity values to complete the following momentum  table.

Red Cart

Before Explosion

After Explosion

3 kg x 0 m/s 

3 kg x -3.3 m/s 

= 0 kg•m/s

=

1 kg x 0 m/s 

Blue Cart

= 0 kg•m/s 0

System Total

-9.9 - 0 = -9.9

-9.9 kg•m/s 1 kg x 10 m/s 

=

∆Momentum

10 - 0 = 10

10 kg•m/s 0.1

0.1

Explosion 2: Red Cart Less Massive than the Blue Cart Set the initial velocities of both carts to 0 m/s. Set the mass of the red cart to be the smaller mass. Run the simulation and record the mass and velocity values. Before Explosion

mRed = 1 kg

After Explosion

mBlue = 3 kg

Use mass and velocity values to complete the following momentum  table.

Red Cart

Before Explosion

After Explosion

1 kg x 0 m/s 

1 kg x -10 m/s 

= 1 kg•m/s

=

3 kg x 0 m/s 

Blue Cart

= 3 kg•m/s 4

-0.1

-10 - 1 = -11

-10 kg•m/s 3 kg x 3.3 m/s 

=

∆Momentum

9.9 - 3 = 6.9

9.9 kg•m/s -4.1

System Total Conclusion Make a Claim as to whether momentum is conserved or not conserved. Identify the Evidence that provides support for your claim; refer  to specific sets of values in each data table that serve as credible evidence. Write a paragraph or more of sound Reasoning to argue why the evidence logically leads to the claim you are making. Write well. Write logically. Write thoroughly. Use a separate page of paper if necessary.

Inelastic Collisions Purpose: To gather evidence that can be used to support a claim that total system momentum is or is not conserved in an inelastic collision. Background: The objects involved in a collision are often considered as a system. Provided that the system of two objects is not experiencing a net external impulse, there would be no change in momentum of the system. If one object within the system loses momentum, it is gained by the other object within the system. The combined momentum of both objects would be conserved.

Once the Interactive opens, resize it as desired. Select the Inelastic Collisions option. Experiment with changing the Mass and the Initial Velocity of the two carts. Observe how the position of the carts along the track can be changed by dragging. Learn to Start, Pause, and Reset the animation.

Collision 1: Blue Cart Initially at Rest Set the initial blue cart velocity to 0 m/s. Set the mass values to different values. Run the simulation and record the mass and velocity values.

mRed = _2_ kg

mBlue = _1_ kg

Use mass and velocity values to complete the following momentum  table. Before Collision ____2___kg x ___5___m/s Red Cart

After Collision ___2___kg x __3.3__m/s

= _____10_____kg•m/s

= _____6.6____kg•m/s

____1___kg x ___0___m/s

____1____kg x __3.3__m/s

= __0__kg•m/s

= _____3.3____kg•m/s

Blue Cart

9.9 System Total

∆Momentum 6.6 - 10 = -3.4

3.3 - 0 = 3.3

-0.1

10

Collision 2: Blue Cart Moving Slower than the Red Cart Set the initial blue cart velocity to less than the red cart velocity. Position the blue cart in the middle of the track. Use different mass values. Run the simulation and record the mass and velocity values.

Before Collision

After Collision

mRed = ____3____ kg

mBlue = ____2____ kg

Use mass and velocity values to complete the following momentum  table. Before Collision ____3___kg x ___5___m/s Red Cart

= ______15_____kg•m/s ____2___kg x ___2___m/s

Blue Cart

After Collision _3_kg x _3.8_m/s = ____11.4____kg•m/s __2__kg x __3.8__m/s

= ______4_____kg•m/s

7.6 - 4 = 3.6

= ____7.6____kg•m/s 19

System Total

∆Momentum 11.4 - 15 = -3.6

0

19

Conclusion Make a Claim as to whether momentum is conserved or not conserved. Identify the Evidence that provides support for your claim; refer to specific sets of values in each data table that serve as credible evidence. Write a paragraph or more of sound Reasoning to argue why the evidence logically lead to the claim you are making. Write well. Write logically. Write thoroughly. Use a separate page of paper if necessary.

Elastic Collisions

Purpose: To gather evidence that can be used to support a claim that total system momentum is or is not conserved in an elastic collision. Background: The objects involved in a collision are often considered as a system. Provided that the system of two objects is not experiencing a net external impulse, there would be no change in momentum of the system. If one object within the system loses momentum, it is gained by the other object within the system. The combined momentum of both objects would be conserved. Getting Ready: Navigate to the Collision Carts Interactive in the Physics Interactives section of The Physics Classroom website: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Momentum-and-Collisions/Collision-Carts Path: physicsclassroom.com => Physics Interactives => Momentum and Collisions => Collision Carts Once the Interactive opens, resize it as desired. Select the Elastic Collisions option. Experiment with changing the Mass and the Initial Velocity of the two carts. Observe how the position of the carts along the track can be changed by dragging. Learn to Start, Pause, and Reset the animation. Collision 1: Blue Cart Initially at Rest Set the initial blue cart velocity to 0 m/s. Set the mass values to different values. Run the simulation and record the mass and velocity values. Before Collision vred = _____4_____ m/s

After Collision vred = ___1.3___ m/s

mRed = ___2___ kg

vblue = ___5.3___ m/s

mBlue = ___1___ kg

Use mass and velocity values to complete the following momentum  table.

Red Cart

Blue Cart

Before Collision ____2___kg x ___4__m/s

After Collision ____2___kg x __1.3__m/s

= ______8_____kg•m/s

= _____2.6_____kg•m/s

____1___kg x ___0__m/s

____1___kg x __5.3__m/s

= _____0____kg•m/s

= _____5.3____kg•m/s

∆Momentum 2.6 - 8 = -5.4

5.3 - 0 = 5.3

8

7.9

-0.1

System Total ©The

Physics Classroom, should NOT appear on http://www.physicsclassroom.com

All other

Rights Reserved This document websites. From The Physics Classroom’s Physics Interactives

Collision 2: Blue Cart Moving Slower than the Red Cart Set the initial blue cart velocity to less than the red cart velocity. Position the blue cart near the red cart so that the collision occurs near the middle of the track. Give the blue cart a smaller mass. Run the simulation and record the post-collision mass and velocity values. Before Collision

After Collision

mRed = ____2____ kg

mBlue = ____1____ kg

Use mass and velocity values to complete the following momentum  table. Before Collision ___2___kg x __5__m/s Red Cart

After Collision ___2___kg x __1__m/s

= __10__kg•m/s ___1__kg x __-1__m/s

Blue Cart

= __2__kg•m/s __1__kg x __7__m/s

= __-1__kg•m/s

7 - -1 = 8

= __7__kg•m/s 9

System Total

∆Momentum 2 - 10 = -8

0

9

Conclusion Make a Claim as to whether momentum is conserved or not conserved. Identify the Evidence that supports your claim; refer to specific sets of values in each data table. Write a paragraph or more of sound Reasoning to argue why the evidence logically lead to the claim you are making. Write well. Write logically. Write thoroughly. Use a separate page of paper if necessary....