Brief mcculloch v maryland PDF

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Va n e s s aCa a ma n o POS3 6 03 Fe b r u a r y1 3 ,2 0 1 8 Br i e f : MCCULLOCHv . MARYLAND Summar yo fEs s e nt i a lFa c t s  Con g r e s si n i t i a l l yc r e a t e dt heBa n ko ft h eUn i t e dSt a t e si n17 9 0du r i n g Wa s h i n gt o n ’ sPr e s i d e n c yf o rt we n t y o n ey e a r sun t i li t sc h a r t e re x p i r e di n18 1 1 . Af t e rt heWa ro f1 81 2 , t h eU. S.e x p e r i e nc e dc r u c i a le c o no mi cp r o b l e msc a us i n g t h eb a n kt ob er e c r e a t e di n1 8 1 6b yPr e s i d e n tJ a me sMa d i s on ,a l t h o u g hh ei n i t i a l l y o p p o s e di ti nl a t e1 7 0 0 s .  Th eU. Sg o v e r n me n to wn e do n l y2 0 %o ft h en e wb a n ka ndi t se ffo r t si n r e me d y i n gt h ec o u n t r y ’ se c o n omi cp r o b l e mwe r e n ’ te n o u g h .  St a t eg o v e r nme n t sb l a me dt heb a n ksmo n e t a r yp o l i c i e sf o rwo r s e n i n gt h e e c o n omi cd e pr e s s i o na ndh e l dr e s e n t me n tb e c a u s et h eb a nkc a l l e di nl o a n so we d b yt h es t a t e s .  Th i sc a u s e ds t a t eg o v e r n me n t st oi s s u el a wsl i mi t i n gt h eo pe r a t i o noft h eb a n k ; s omes t a t e sa d op t e dl a wsp r o hi b i t i n gt h eb a n kf r om o p e r a t i n gwi t h i nt h es t a t e s ’ b o r d e r s , a n do t h e rs t a t e sl i k eMa r y l a n d , t a x e dt h eb a n k .  Th eMa r y l a n dl a wr e q u i r e da ni mp o s e dt a xo na l lo u t o f s t a t eb a nk so p e r a t i n g wi t h i nt h es t a t eo fMa r y l a n d .  Th eBa n ko fUn i t e dSt a t e sr e f u s e dt opa yt h et a xa n dJ o hnJ a me ss u e df o rh i ms e l f a ndMa r y l a n di nt h eCo u n t yCo u r to fBa l t i mo r et or e c o v e rt h emo n e yo we d .  Th ed e f e n d a n t , Mc Cu l l o c hwa sac a s h i e ra tt heb a n k. Th et r i a lc o ur tr e nd e r e d j u d gme n ti nf a v o ro ft h es t a t eo fMa r y l a nda n dMa r y l a n dCo u r to fAp p e a l s a s s e r t e dt h er u l i n g . Summa r i z et hep r o c e d ur alhi s t o r y yCo ur to fBa l t i mo r e  Count r y l a n dCo ur to fAp p e a l s  Ma I d e nt i f yt hel e g a li s s uei nt hef or mo faq ue s t i o n sCon g r e s sha v et h ep o we rt oc r e a t eab a nk ?  1.Doe fs o, c a nt h eSt a t eo fMa r y l a n dt a xt heBa nko ft h eUn i t e dSt a t e s ?  2.I St at et her ul e ,t heho l d i ng , a ndt hev ot e s , Co n g r e s sd o e sh a v et h ec o n s t i t ut i o n a lpo we rt oc r e a t et h eBa n ko ft h eUn i t e d  Ye St a t e sd e r i v e df r o mAr tIs e c t8o ft h eg e ne r a lp o we r sg r a n t e dt oCo n g r e s s . h eba n kwa sc r e a t e db yf e d e r a ls t a t u t ea n dMa r y l a n dc a n n ott a xt h eBa n ka sa  No,t f e d e r a li n s t i t u t i onb e c a u s ef e d e r a ll a wsa r es u p r e met os t a t el a ws .  Una n i mo u sd e c i s i o nf o rMc Cu l l o c h , ma j o r i t yo p i n i o nb yJ o h nMa r s h a l l

Ex p l a i nt heCo ur t ’ sr e a s o ni ng s t i o n1 :Ch i e fJ u s t i c eMa r s h a l la c kn o wl e d g e dt h a tt heFe d e r a lGo v e r n me n ti s  Que o n eo fl i mi t e dpo we r sa n dt h a tt h ep o we rt oc r e a t eaba n kd o e sn o te x p l i c i t l y a pp e a ri nt h eCo n s t i t u t i o n . Ho we v e r ,Co n gr e s sh a spo we r st h a te x t e n db e y o n d t h o s ee nu me r a t e di nt h eCo n s t i t ut i o n a lt e x t . Co n gr e s sh a sb o t hi mp l i e da n d e nu me r a t e dp o we r s .Co ng r e s si sg r a n t e dwi t hpo we r ss u c ha s“ t ol a ya n dc ol l e c t t a x e s ;b o r r o wmo n e y ;t or e g u l a t ec o mme r c e ;t od e c l a r ea n dc o n d u c twa r ;a n dt o r a i s ea n ds u p po r ta r mi e sa n dna v i e s ” , a n dwi t hs u c hv a s tp o we r si n t r u s t e di na g o v e r n me n t , t he r emus tb ea mp l eme a n si n t r u s t e di nt oCo n g r e s st os u c c e s s f u l l y e x e c u t es u c hp o we r st h a td e p e n do ft h eh a p p i n e s sa ndp r os p e r i t yo ft h ec o u n t r y . Ma r s h a l lt he nr e s o u r c e dt ot h eNe c e s s a r ya n dPr o p e rCl a u s e ,wh i c ha ut h o r i z e s Co n g r e s st oma k ea l ll a wsn e c e s s a r ya n dpr op e rt oe x e c u t ei t se x p r e s s e dp o we r s . Th ep l a i n t i ffa r g u e dt h a t“ ne c e s s a r ya n dp r o p e r ”i mp l i e sCo n g r e s sc a nc r e a t eon l y t h o s el a wst h a ta r ea b s o l u t e l ye s s e n t i a lt oe x e c u t et h o s ep o we r s . Ma r s h a l l d i s a g r e e da n dhe l dt h a tt h ewo r dn e c e s s a r y“ i mp o r t snomo r et h a no net h i n gi s c on v e n i e n t , oru s e f u l ,o re s s e n t i a lt oa n ot h e r ” ,t h u st h ewo r dn e c e s s a r yi sn o to f fix e dc ha r a c t e r .Al s o ,t h ec l a u s ei sp l a c e da mo n gt h ep o we r so fc o n g r e s sn o t l i mi t a t i o n so fi ta n di t st e r me dt oe x p a n dn o tr e s t r i c t sp o we r sv e s t e di nt he g o v e r n me n t .  Qu e s t i o n2 :Ma r s h a l la r g u e d“ t h ep o we rt ot a xi st hep o we rt od e s t r o y” , a l s o , t h e Ba n ko ft h eUn i t e dSt a t e swa sc r e a t e db yaf e d e r a ls t a t u t e . Ma r y l a n dma yn o tt a x t h eBa n ka saf e d e r a li n s t i t u t i o nb e c a u s ef e d e r a ll a wsa r es u p e r i o rt os t a t el a ws h e n c e , af e de r a l l yc r e a t e di n s t i t u t i o nc a n n o tb el i mi t e db yas t a t el a w. TheBa n ko f t h eUni t e dSt a t e sf u nc t i o n st os e r v et h ec o u n t r ya n dp e o p l eo ft h eUn i t e dSt a t e s , i t i st h u si n a p p r o p r i a t ef o raf e d e r a lb o d yt ob ec o nt r o l l e db yo n es t a t eo ft heUn i t e d St a t e s( i . e . Ma r y l a n d )t h r o ug hat a x . Th ej u dg me n to ft h ec o ur to fa p p e a l si s r e v e r s e d. Br i e flys umma r i z et hed i s s e nt i ngo p i ni o n  De c i s i o nwa su n a n i mo u s ....