BUS229 - Cheat Sheet PDF

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Summary

A speech cheat sheet...

Description

Parts Of Speech

Pronouns substitute for nouns. They are classified by case. Pronouns – May function as subjects of verbs, objects of verbs. They act as connectors and may show possession. Adjectives – Words that modify (describe) nouns or pronouns. They make sentences clearer and more enjoyable to read and write. - Complement - Describe - Add meaning ? Test!! Adjectives answer: What kind? How many? ? Test!! Limiting adjectives answer: Which one? How much? Verbs – Words for action or being. Action Verbs – Express activity, both physical and mental Ex. have, has had, threw, ran. Being Verbs -State of being Ex. am, is, are, was, were Linking Verbs – Doesn’t express action Ex. feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, appear, get Voices of verbs Active – Subject is doing action Passive – Subject is receiving action ? Test!! Use with “he or she or they” When a verb is used with another verb, it can be a linking verb, a helping verb, an auxiliary verb, or a verb phrase. Adverb - a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group. ? Test!! They answer the question how, when, where, why, under what conditions, to what extent, how often or how much.

Nouns – Names a person, place, thing, or abstract idea. Proper Nouns – Have capital letters Abstract Nouns – The things that exist but you cannot touch. Ex. courage, loyalty, anger, knowledge (qualities, feelings, concepts). Common Nouns – Words for everything else. Ex. Chair, eyes, car, shirt ? Test!! Use word with is, are to test whether it is a noun. ? Test!! Nouns answer the question who or what. Conjunctions – A word that joins parts of a sentence together. (words, phrases, clauses) Ex. and, but, yet, for, nor, or, so, because John and Mary, boots and cats Prepositions – Words that show location in time and/or space. Ex. of, about, in, to, with, for, near, under Direct Objects – Something or someone the action is being done to. Indirect Objects – The person or thing the action is done to or for. Prepositional Phrases – Groups of words that begin with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun. The whole phrase functions as and adjective or an adverb. Articles – Used as adjectives ( a, an, the). Articles point out or limit. Indefinite – a / an Definite - the Interjections – A word that expresses an emotion or feeling. Ex. Oh! Wow! Yes! No! Simple Sentence – One independent clause Ex. She needs a job. Compound Sentence – Two independent clauses Ex. She needs a job, and she must expand her skillset. Complex Sentence – One independent clause and one dependent clause. Ex. Because she needs a job, she must expand her skillset. Compound-Complex Sentence – Two independent clauses and one dependent clause. Ex. Because she needs a job, she must expand her skillset; however, she must also begin networking....