Catetan arsi - idikdd PDF

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ARCHITECTURE

1. Building Design: use of art & science in creating something for humans 2. Building Style: architect’s unique design style, influenced by: a. History / Historical periods. A movement (ex.modern, traditional) b. Region/ County. Cultural c. Personal style (similar as to how artists have different Drawing styles) 3. Computer system structure: study of design, structure and behaviour of a computer and system program held by a network designer/architect

ARCHITECTURE AS A DISCIPLINE: 

Architecture studies & addresses the environment : (building, landscape , history and public)

Architecture as a Profession: 

Can design either a whole building or only part of it

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Usually work in teams // start in a small firm

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Architects needs a license and know the code of conduct to operate as an architect

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Even if you get the degree, architects can only call themselves “Architectural Designers” when they graduate from S1

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Types of Jobs: Design Architect: design the concept draft (preliminary design) until the final design

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(schematic design, includes: denah, tampak, potongan // offset) Project Architect: continues the design with other architects to make it more

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detailed in order to actually construct the building. Controls construction process.

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Architects do little to no mathematical/physics computation . Itu untuk construction people / civil engineer people. Engineer yg mikirin electricity, etc. o

Kita masih mikirin stabilitiy , tp hitung2anya untuk anak sipil

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Aesthetics: Architect. Physics: Engineers.

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TRUST ME I KNOW. Even tho ga ada math samsek gue rasanya MAU MATI

CITY PLANNING 

Consider activities in managing, directing , using and controlling space in a certain area

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Build for the FUTURE

PRINSIP PWK

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Future Orientation: for the future

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Sustainable: lasts long term

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Comprehensive: detailed and organized

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Coordinate / Collective : considers aspects around the city in order for design to be harmonius

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Rational: jgn bego tempating building sembarangan aja sih.

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Reasons for city planning, is because we have problems in: 

Economy System

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Social System

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Environment System

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MINDSET: problems (yg diatas)  Engineering Principles  Future = City Planning

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Elements of city planning

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Planner

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Planning Process

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Plan

What are planned? o

Transportation

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Use of Land

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Tourism

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Environment

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Infrastructure

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Housing

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Organization

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Economy

PLANNING PROCESS: weird mix of pdca and lean-start up method 1. DEFINE the problem 2. Objective formulation. (set your objectives) a. Here is where spatial planning occurs 3. Data gathering 4. Manage data , and historical desc. Of past and exisiting (kayanya maksudnya compare between old and new data for planning deh) EMPHATIZE disini?? 5. Make a hypothesis on exisiting trend . (analyse & predict) 6. IDEATE! Develop scenario and prediction according to development. Plan alternatives 7. Evaluate every plan and different choices 8. Chose a plan and just do it / Spatial Implementation a. Control spatial planning 9. Evaluate the plan being implemented

Actors in Planning 1. Government 2. NGO 3. Private Sector 4. Citizens 5. Planner

LINKAGES: everything is connected. All aspects for sappk, sbm and fsrd INTERCONNECTIONS; tbh itu everything is connected jg

Chain of Technological Change: 1. Social structure 2. Science 3. Human Lifestyle

Challenges in Planning Process: o

Making the best decisions for the people, by sacrificing the best for an individual

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Conflict in land use and lessening it

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Searching/ providing space to actually use to build infrastructure that supports community o

Ex. Hospitals, garbage place, prison 

Karena it needs to be accessible to public, atau for case of garbage away from public tp msh easily accessed to.

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Needs to consider safety and needs of the people

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Citizens think in NIMBY (not in my backyard but wtf is this shit)

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Social gap creates conflict in building designs (kampong tp sebelahnya apartment modern. masjid tp sebelahnya mentari.)

Relationship concept between stakeholders

Government federal state regional law

Market land owners builders realtors Bankers

Game rules (plan)

Land Planners (Future and Current)

Interests neighbourhoods farmers minority group enviromentalists

Considerations for LONG-RANGE Planning: What is long-range planning? Planning in a large scale / portion of the city o

Finance

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Infrastructure

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Growth Management

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Transportation

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Open Space

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Housing

Carrying Capacity of City: o

Basically because of humans, the city has problems, such as: o Make energy bikin polusi o Pake air teralu banyak sampe habis o Resources mendikit karena we only take

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Tapi we use resources to gain information and develop the capital

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Resources in Planning:

Environmental Capital 

SOCIETY : Human, Social and Cultural Capital  Economic Capital

Design Process: Emphatize, define ideate but in different words (ask, imagine, plan, create, improve lmao)

ANALYTICAL PROCESS o

Problem solving based on theory

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Process is structured

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Result is best practice  commonly used // karena solution pake logic

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Ex. Car wheels bulet

CREATIVE PROCESS o

Solution based by ideas

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Process is flexible

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Result Best fit  specified use // specific for a certain aspect

Methods used in planning 1. Brainstorming 2. Mind mapping 3. Sumpah pake dari ideation theories 4. Morphological Analysis (shaping ideas basically hahahAHHAhah…)

PROBLEMS FOR ARCHITECT 1. Transitioning human wants into design (maslow hierarchy of needs) a. Physiological needs: Place to eat, drink, ventilation, pooping b. Safety Needs: From any natural disasters c. Needs to be loved: room for specific relationships (dining room for family, social room for parties. Lmao it sounds weird tp iya) d. Needs of self esteem: building harus aesthetic sama presentable at least. e. Self-actualization: expressing him/herself in art / design as an architect 2. Problems with CLIENT WANTS a. Clients wants contradict function b. Form follows function, not Function follows Form c. Clients wants unrealistic, stupid and / or too much / specific d. No design client wants that fits function e. Needs and Wants CONFLICt each other 3. Internal Constraints / Problems in design a. No money b. Client wants is shitty (not suitable for surrounding and needs) c. Needs and wants not approved by other parties surrounding building 4. External Constraints

a. Physically: No space, physical condition is not suited for building a building. Physical Capacity b. Legal: Building exceed capacity of building density in area, height exceeds standard rules, etc. Socio Complexity 5. Ego of architects vs client. Architects have their own principles they want to follow. Starchitects hates bosses

Architects when designing requires to consider: o

Requirement Analysis to complete Terms of References (TOR) from client o Checking/ Reviewing ideas for scenario/ projections building o Searching for building requirenments (materials, regulations, etc.)

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Land Analysis: Review land conditions

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Precedent Analysis: Architect observes through pictures or goes to the site of an exisiting building with a similar problem to use as reference when making a solution

Design-thinking Methods Glass box: pokoknya glassbox itu designing with logic. Knowing what to design and all you need to do is build up the process/ and add more to it. Process can be explained Black Box: designing by pure creativity. Not knowing the logic / base for desingn. Architect has free reign

Design Approach Types: 1. Functional Approach; Form of building ollows function 2. Behavioral Approach: Design based on human activity 3. Shape Approach: Focus on shapes for the design (Teori Bentuk Arsitektur lmao) 4. Typology Approach: Design focuses on space and surroundings 5. Building Method Approach: considers constraints (usally this method is used when the building has special requirements it needs to follow) 6. Land Condition Approach: requires a specific land to build the building (ex. Water plant near a river)

7. Economic Approach: limitation of funds to design 8. Process Approach: involment of client in design

Types of Concepts:

1. Pragmatic: building built solely for solving problems 2. Typology: solution that is usually used for designs // common solutions 3. Analogy: building has visual similarities with something 4. Metaphor: based on a saying, or a pun if you will 5. Canonic: design based on exisiting designs / similar 6. Iconic: building made WOW iconic

CITY Planning: 1. Basic considerations: 2. TechniqueAesthetics 3. Financial 4. Socio-economny usefulness 5. Politics Working process for city planning: 1. Usually 1 year – 6 months, which includes a. Gathering data b. Gathering Stakeholders 2. Figure our SPATIAL PATTERN of city (roads, houses, etc.) Planning APPROACH: o

Based on STANDARD: such as SKL (land sustainability units) or SNI (standard national Indonesia)

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Local Wisdom/ History

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Global Changes

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Based on Community (environment and people)...