CES 163-2015 Mechanical Ventilation and Air-Conditioning in Buildings PDF

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Compulsory Ethiopian Standard CES 163 First Edition 2015 Mechanical Ventilation and AirConditioning in Buildings ICS: Published Ethiopian Standards Agency ESA CES 163 Contents Page INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................

Description

Compulsory Ethiopian Standard

CES 163

First Edition 2015

Mechanical Ventilation and AirConditioning in Buildings

ICS: Published by Ethiopian Standards Agency © ESA

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CES 163

Contents

Page

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 SECTION 1 GENERAL ................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Scope ..........................................................................................................................................2 1.2 References .................................................................................................................................2 1.3 Definitions ..................................................................................................................................2

SECTION 2 MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM .................................................... 7 2.1 Ventilation Rates .......................................................................................................................7 2.1.1 General Requirements ....................................................................................................7 2.1.2 Design considerations .....................................................................................................7 2.2 Car park ventilation...................................................................................................................8 2.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................8 2.2.2 Aboveground car park ventilation....................................................................................8 2.2.3 Smoke purging for above ground car parks ....................................................................9 2.2.4 Basement car park ventilation .........................................................................................9 2.2.5 Smoke purging systems for basement car parks ..........................................................10 2.3 Kitchen Ventilation ..................................................................................................................11 2.3.1 General ..........................................................................................................................11 2.3.2 Kitchen Exhaust Hoods .................................................................................................11 2.3.3 Canopy Type Hoods......................................................................................................12 2.3.4 Ducts..............................................................................................................................13 2.4 Bathrooms and toilets ventilation .........................................................................................13 2.5 Exit facilities ventilation .........................................................................................................14 2.5.1 Exits staircase and internal exit passageway ...............................................................14 2.5.2 Smoke stop and fire fighting lobbies .............................................................................14 2.6 Pressurization systems ..........................................................................................................14

SECTION 3 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM ................................................................. 15 3.1 General .....................................................................................................................................15 3.2 Design Requirements .............................................................................................................15 3.3 Indoor thermal environment ..................................................................................................15 3.4 Outdoor fresh air supply ........................................................................................................16 3.5 Indoor supply air .....................................................................................................................17 3.6 Purging of indoor air...............................................................................................................17 3.7 Air filtration ..............................................................................................................................17 3.8 Control......................................................................................................................................18

SECTION 4 VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT ......................... 20

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CES 163 4.1 Ventilation Equipment ............................................................................................................20 4.1.1 Fans...............................................................................................................................20 4.2 Air conditioning equipment ...................................................................................................21 4.2.1 Air handling unit .............................................................................................................21 4.2.2 Chillers...........................................................................................................................21 4.2.3 Direct Expansion (DX) units ..........................................................................................21 4.2.4 Heat recovery units .......................................................................................................22 4.2.5 Air Heating Equipment ..................................................................................................22 4.2.6 Fan coil unit ...................................................................................................................22 4.3 Sound and Vibration ...............................................................................................................22 4.3.1 General ..........................................................................................................................22 4.3.2 Noise controlling ............................................................................................................23 4.4 Installation Requirements of HVAC Equipments ................................................................25 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5 4.4.6 4.4.7 4.4.8 4.4.9 4.4.10

General ..........................................................................................................................25 Installation location ........................................................................................................25 Equipment clearance and space requirement ..............................................................25 Installation techniques to consider vibration control in HVAC systems ........................26 Ventilation Equipment Access.......................................................................................26 Fans...............................................................................................................................26 Equipment connection to duct .......................................................................................27 Drain Outlet ...................................................................................................................27 Air Heating Equipment ..................................................................................................27 Pumps............................................................................................................................27

SECTION 5 DUCTWORK AND ACCESSORIES .......................................................... 28 5.1 General .....................................................................................................................................28 5.2 Design Considerations ...........................................................................................................28 5.2.1 General ..........................................................................................................................28 5.2.2 Outdoor air intakes ........................................................................................................29 5.2.3 Locations of intakes and return air openings ................................................................29 5.3 Duct Construction ...................................................................................................................30 5.3.1 General ..........................................................................................................................30 5.3.2 Ducts and plenum sealing .............................................................................................31 5.3.3 Duct leakage test ...........................................................................................................31 5.3.4 Tapes and sealant .........................................................................................................32 5.4 Fire dampers ............................................................................................................................32 5.5 Pipe work .................................................................................................................................32 5.5.1 General ..........................................................................................................................32 5.5.2 Design considerations ...................................................................................................32 5.5.3 Installation .....................................................................................................................32 5.6 Thermal insulation ..................................................................................................................33 5.6.1 General requirements ....................................................................................................33 5.6.2 Duct and plenum insulation ...........................................................................................33 5.6.3 Piping insulation ............................................................................................................34 5.7 Electrical works .......................................................................................................................35

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5.7.1 5.7.2 5.7.3 5.7.4 5.7.5 5.7.6

General requirements ....................................................................................................35 Design considerations ...................................................................................................35 Installation .....................................................................................................................36 Secondary source of power supply ...............................................................................37 Motor and motor control ................................................................................................37 Start-stop control ...........................................................................................................37

SECTION 6 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ......................................................... 39 6.1 Testing and commissioning...................................................................................................39 6.1.1 General ..........................................................................................................................39 6.1.2 Preparation of Commissioning and Testing Procedure ................................................39 6.1.3 Cleaning ........................................................................................................................39 6.1.4 Performance tests and adjustments..............................................................................40 6.1.5 Tests on site of individual items of plant/system ...........................................................40 6.2 Completion requirements.......................................................................................................41 6.2.1 Drawings ........................................................................................................................41 6.2.2 Manuals .........................................................................................................................41 6.3 System Balancing ...................................................................................................................42 6.3.1 General requirements ....................................................................................................42 6.3.2 Basic Considerations.....................................................................................................42 6.3.3 Air System .....................................................................................................................42 6.3.4 Hydronic system ............................................................................................................43 6.3.5 Controls .........................................................................................................................43 6.3.6 Noise and Sound Control ..............................................................................................43 6.4 Handover Procedure ...............................................................................................................44 6.5 Maintenance .............................................................................................................................44 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3 6.5.4 6.5.5 6.5.6 6.5.7

General ..........................................................................................................................44 Competent staff .............................................................................................................44 Documentation ..............................................................................................................44 Provisions for maintenance operations .........................................................................44 Operating log sheets .....................................................................................................45 Air-conditioning Installations .........................................................................................45 Mechanical ventilation installations ...............................................................................51

ANNEX I: CLIMATIC DESIGN CONDITION ................................................................. 52 A 1.1

Climatic Design Conditions ...........................................................................................52

ANNEX II. COOLING AND HEATING LOAD CALCULATION METHOD .................... 61 A2.1 Heat Flow Rates ....................................................................................................................61 A2.2 Load Calculation Methods...................................................................................................62 A2.3 Heat Balance Method of Cooling Load Calculation ..........................................................64 A2.4 Cooling Load Principles and Components........................................................................69 A2.5 General Cooling and Heating Load Calculation Procedures ...........................................75

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ANNEX III. DUCT WORK DESIGN ............................................................................... 79 A3.1. Pressure Drop in a Duct......................................................................................................79 A3.2. Duct Sizing and Pressure Drop Calculation .....................................................................82 A3.3. Duct Leakage .......................................................................................................................86 A3.4. Duct Work Sectional Losses ..............................................................................................87

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Foreword This Ethiopian Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Committee for Building structures and elements of building (TC 42) and published by the Ethiopian Standards Agency (ESA). This Ethiopian standard is an adaption of EN 1992-1-1:2015 with permission of CEN,Avenue Marnix 17,B-1000 Brussels In the preparation the Addis Ababa Univerisity reviewed the draft document under the supervision of Ministry of Construction.

Acknowledgment has been made for the organizations for their concern to contribute to the effort of national standardization. Application of this standard is COMPULSORY with respect Section 2-6 . A Compulsory Ethiopian Standard shall have the same meaning, interpretation and application of a "Technical Regulation" as implied in the WTO-TBT Agreement. Implementation of this standard shall be effective as of May 01 2018.

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INTRODUCTION EBCS 11, Code of Practice for Ventilation and Air- conditioning of Buildings, was issued in 1995. The 1995 version was developed when air-conditioning systems were seldom incorporated in design of buildings in Ethiopia. Hence, the focus was mainly on ventilation. Due to accelerated modernization of the building construction sub-sector after 2000 in Ethiopia, four and five star hotels, referral hospital, conference and convention centers, and financial center are being built with air-conditioning systems and basement car park ventilation system. Moreover, air conditioning is being considered as input to increasing productivity in hot areas of Ethiopia and offices, social services and residence in extremely hot areas are being furnished with air-conditioning systems. Due to this new development, the need to update the existing code to make it inclusive of all aspects of mechanical ventilation and air conditioning was felt. The purpose of this code is to specify:     

Minimum ventilation rates and other measures intended to provide indoor air quality that is acceptable to human occupants and that minimizes adverse health effects; Design methodology and climatic and other data for cooling and heating load calculation of air-conditioning system of building; Compliance requirements of air conditioning and mechanical ventilation equipment including control and electrical power supply; Design methodology and compliance requirements of duct construction; and Testing, commissioning and maintenance procedure of mechanical ventilation and air conditioning

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ETHIOPIAN STANDARD

SECTION 1 General 1.1 Scope This code of practice provides general guidance in the design, construction, installation, testing and commissioning, operation and maintenance of air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation systems in all commercial, office, and institutional buildings except hospitals, laboratories, industries, etc. The purpose of this code is to establish minimum requirements in mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning engineering practice such that an acceptable indoor thermal environment can be attained in an energy efficient manner with general consideration for the indoor air quality (IAQ), and maintainability of the equipment. The intention of this code is not to impose unnecessary restrictions design and installations of systems, nor on the development and use of new improved or unusual materials, design or methods of constructions or installation not covered by this code. However, in the event that this ...