CH 16 General Ledger and Reporting System PDF

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CH 16 General Ledger and Reporting System OICE

l ledger and reporting system consists of the __________ involved in _ the general ledger and __________ reports. a) b) c) d)

business transactions; updating; processing data processing; business transactions for; printi ng information processing; updating; creating business transactions; data processing; preparing

2. Which item below is not considered a major input to the general ledger and reporting system? a) b) c) d)

summary entries from the major subsystems reports from managers adjusting entries financing and investing activities

3. Who provides the adjusting entries for a well-designed general ledger and reporting system? a) b) c) d)

various user departments the treasurer's area the other major AIS subsystems the controller's area

4. The general ledger and reporting system is designed to provide information for which of the following user groups? a) b) c) d)

internal users external users inquiry processing by internal or external users all of the above

5. The general ledger system of an organization should be designed to serve the information requirements of both financial and nonfinancial users. This means that the system should a) b) c) d)

support producing regular periodic reports. support the real-time inquiry needs of all users. support producing regular periodic reports and respond to real-time inquiry needs. support access by investors and creditors of the organization to general ledger balances.

6. The first activity in the general ledger system is to update the general ledger. Updates come from the various accounting subsystems as well as from the treasurer. How is general ledger updating accomplished by the various accounting subsystems? a)

Individual journal entries for each accounting subsystem transaction update the general ledger every 24 hours. b) Summary journal entries that represent the results of all transactions for a certain time period are used to update the general ledger. c) The controller or treasurer must approve accounting subsystem journal entries before any updating may occur. d) Nonroutine transactions are entered into the system by the treasurer's office.

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ating the general ledger, sales, purchases, and production are examples of _ entries, and issuance or retirement of debt and the purchase or sale of securities are examples of __________ entries. g; controller originated b) accounting subsystem; treasurer originated c) adjusting; special journal d) controller generated; special journal

8. Entries to update the general ledger are often documented by which of the following? a) b) c) d)

general journal subsidiary journal subsidiary ledgers journal vouchers

9. In accounting terminology, the form that documents journal entry updates to the general ledger is called a) b) c) d)

a trial balance. an adjusted trial balance. a journal voucher. an accounting update memo.

10. Adjusting entries that reflect events that have already occurred but for which no cash flow has taken place and not previously entered into the accounts are called a) b) c) d)

accruals. deferrals. revaluations. corrections.

11. The recording of interest earned on an account balance or wages payable is an example of which type of adjusting journal entry? a) b) c) d)

accrual entry deferral entry revaluation entry correcting entry

12. The posting of adjusting journal entries is the second activity found in the general ledger system. Adjusting entries fall into several categories. An adjusting entry made at the end of an accounting period that reflects the exchange of cash prior to performance of a related event is called a(n) a) b) c) d)

accrual entry. deferral entry. revaluation entry. correcting entry.

13. Depreciation and bad debts expense are examples of which type of adjusting entries? a) deferrals b) accruals c) revaluations

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entries that are made to reflect differences between the actual and recorded asset or a change in accounting principle are called a) b) c) d)

reconciliations. revaluations. estimates. accruals.

15. Adjusting entries that are made to counteract the effects of errors found in the general ledger are called a) b) c) d)

accruals. corrections. deferrals. estimates.

16. Corrections are entries made to correct errors found in __________. a) b) c) d)

all journals. special journals. the general ledger. the financial statements.

17. Immediately after the adjusting entries are completed, the next step in the general ledger and reporting system is to prepare a) b) c) d)

an adjusted trial balance. a closing entry. a worksheet. the statement of cash flows.

18. There are four basic activities performed in the general ledger and reporting system. Several of these activities represent the basic steps in the accounting cycle. In what step is the adjusted trial balance prepared? a) b) c) d)

update the general ledger post adjusting entries prepare financial statements produce managerial reports

19. The preparation of financial statements is the third activity in the general ledger system. To properly complete the accounting cycle, financial statements are prepared in a certain sequence. Which statement is prepared last in the sequence? a) b) c) d)

the adjusted trial balance the income statement the balance sheet the statement of cash flows

20. A listing of journal vouchers by numerical sequence, account number, or date is an example of a) a general ledger control report. b) a budget report.

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o be processed. bility accounting.

ctivity in the general ledger and reporting system is the production of nagerial reports. The report that shows planned cash inflows and outflows for each project is the a) b) c) d)

journal voucher list. statement of cash flows. operating budget. capital expenditures budget.

22. Various budgets can be produced for planning and evaluating performance within an organization. The operating budget a) b) c) d)

compares estimated cash flows from operations with planned expenditures. shows cash inflows and outflows for each project. depicts planned revenues and expenditures for each organizational unit. is used for the purchase and retirement of property, plant, and equipment.

23. Budgets and performance reports should be developed on the basis of a) b) c) d)

responsibility accounting. generally accepted accounting principles. financial accounting standards. managerial accounting standards.

24. Cost center reports compare actual versus budget regarding __________ costs. a) b) c) d)

controllable noncontrollable fixed variable

25. Sales departments are most likely to be evaluated as ______ centers a) b) c) d)

cost profit investment revenue

26. Departments that mostly provide services to other units and charge those units for services rendered should be viewed as __________ centers. a) b) c) d)

cost profit investment revenue

27. Variances for variable costs will be misleading when the planned output differs from budgeted output. A solution to this problem would be a) b) c) d)

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calling all costs fixed. to use flexible budgeting. better prediction of output. to eliminate the budgeting process.

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ets compare a standard budget amount to actual amounts that reflect the mance of the organization. The budget standard is often a fixed target; iven that these amounts are static, the budget does not account for changes in the operating environment. A solution to this type of problem is to use a(n) a) b) c) d)

operating budget. capital expenditures budget. cash flow budget. flexible budget.

29. Concerning the reporting environment, which of the following statements is not true? a) Many companies can submit required financial and tax fillings electronically to the SEC and IRS. b) Management reports are usually developed in spreadsheets and disseminated either through e-mail or by posting on the company intranet. c) For many companies, the electronic dissemination of reports containing financial information has been an efficient process for some time. d) Many companies post their financial statements on their corporate web sites.

30. Concerning XBRL, which of the following statements is not true? a) b) c) d)

XBRL is a variant of XML. XBRL is specifically designed for use in communicating the content of financial data. XBRL creates unique tags for each data item. XBRL's adoption means accountants and systems professionals must know how to write XBRL code to take advantage of its benefits.

31. The benefits of XBRL include: a)

XBRL enables organizations to publish financial information only once, using standard XBRL tags. b) XBRL tagged information is interpretable and doesn't need to be re-entered by users. c) Both are benefits of XBRL d) Neither are benefits of XBRL

32. Communications technology and the Internet can be used to reduce the time and costs involved in disseminating financial statement information. Users of such financial information still struggle in that many recipients have different information delivery requirements and may have to manually reenter the information into their own decision analysis tools. The ideal solution to solve these problems and efficiently transmit financial information via the Internet is to use a) b) c) d)

HTML code. XML. the pdf file format. XBRL.

33. Which of the following would be an effective control for achieving the general control objectives in the general ledger and reporting system? a) b) c) d)

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using well-designed documents and records online data entry with the use of appropriate edit checks prenumbering documents and accounting for the sequence numbers All of the above are appropriate.

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dit check that would ensure that entries are made to existing general ledger called a(n) __________ check. e c) closed loop verification d) field

35. Journal entries made by either the treasurer or controller should be subject to input edit and processing controls. A check that can be made to ensure that the amount field in a journal entry contains only numeric data is called a __________. a) b) c) d)

validity check field or format check zero-balance check sign check

36. One way of ensuring that recurring adjusting journal entries that are needed each month are in fact made each month would be a) b) c) d)

to make all the entries a month in advance. to rotate the responsibility among the accounting staff. to program the entries to be made automatically. to create a standard adjusting journal entry file.

37. The edit check that verifies the ending balance of an account in fact fully reflects the beginning balance and all debit and credit entries made thereafter is referred to as a a) b) c) d)

run-to-run total. completeness check. closed loop verification. zero balance check.

38. Reconciliation and control reports can help detect whether any errors have been made during the process of updating the general ledger. One reconciliation that indicates whether the sum of debit balances is equal to the sum of credit balances in the general ledger is commonly known as a) b) c) d)

a trial balance. a completeness test. a closed-loop verification. a general journal listing.

39. This report indicates whether the total debits equal the total credits posted to the general ledger. a) b) c) d)

a trial balance. a completeness test. a closed-loop verification. a general journal listing.

40. Which of the following tasks are accomplished by following the audit trail? a) trace a transaction from original source document to the general ledger to a report b) trace an item in a report back through the general ledger to the original source c) trace all changes in the general ledger from beginning to ending balances

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e above are correct.

of the following measures four dimensions of performance? esources accounting sponsibility accounting c) a balanced scorecard d) integrated databases

42. A report containing measures that relate to the financial, internal operation, customer, and innovation and learning perspectives of an organization is called a(n) a) b) c) d)

ERP. AIS. balanced scorecard. data warehouse.

43. Which one of the following dimensions provides measures on how efficiently and effectively the organization is performing key business processes? a) b) c) d)

financial internal operations innovations and learning customer perspectives

44. To support the strategic decision-making requirements of organizations, a separate database may be created and maintained. The name used for such a database depends on its size. What is the smaller version of such a database called? a) b) c) d)

a data warehouse a data mart a data store a database management system

45. A financial data warehouse provides support for strategic decision making because it a) b) c) d)

consolidates current financial data. contains both current and historical financial data. contains current financial and operational data. summarizes historical data.

46. Which statement below about data warehouses and data marts is true? a) The typical size of a data warehouse is small. b) Data warehouses may replace the transaction processing databases of an organization. c) A data warehouse or data mart complements the other databases within the organization by providing support for strategic decision making. d) Data marts can be used for transaction processing.

47. The process of accessing the data contained in a data warehouse and using it for strategic decision making is often referred to as: a) b) c) d)

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artificial intelligence business intelligence data mart data warehousing

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he following techniques is not used in data mining? l analysis intelligence ystems etworks

49. Which of the following is not one of the basic principles that make bar charts easy to read? a) b) c) d)

Include data values with each element. Use 3-D rather than 2-D bars to make reading easier. Use colors or shades instead of patterns to represent different variables. Use titles that summarize the basic message.

SHORT ANSWER

50. What is a general ledger and reporting system? 51. What are the four basic activities involved in the general ledger and reporting system? 52. What is a journal voucher file? What is the purpose of this file? 53. What is responsibility accounting? 54. How is a balanced scorecard used to assess organizational performance? 55. How is an audit trail used in the general ledger and reporting system? 56. Explain the benefits of XBRL. ESSAY

57. Discuss the value and role of budgets as managerial reports. 58. What is data mining? Give an example of how it is used. 59. What are the control objectives in the general ledger and reporting system? 60. Describe three threats in the general ledger and reporting system and identify corresponding controls for each threat. 61. Explain the preparation of financial statements as the third step in the general ledger and reporting system.

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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

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B D D C B B D C A A B D B B C A B D A D C A A D B B D C D C D D A B D A A D D C C B B B C B C B A general ledger and reporting system consists of the information processing operations involved in updating the general ledger and preparing reports that summarize the results of activities for both external and internal users. The information contained in the general ledger is also part of the

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on of financial statements. general ledger. Post adjusting entries. Prepare financial statements. Produce managerial

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l voucher is a form on which journal entries to update the general ledger are documented. vidual entries are stored in the journal voucher file. This file is equivalent to the general journal in a manual AIS. The journal voucher file forms an important part of the audit trail as well. Various internal controls must be implemented in order to maintain adequate security and access control over the file, because it provides a way to alter and change the data contained in the general ledger. Responsibility accounting involves the reporting of financial results on the basis of managerial responsibilities within an organization. Reports show actual amounts and variances to budget for the current month and year to date for items controllable at that level. The balanced scorecard contains four perspectives of measurement of the organization. The perspectives are financial, internal operations, innovation and learning, and customer. Together these different perspectives provide a dimensional overview of organizational performance that is greater than financial measures alone. A scorecard that has been properly designed will measure key aspects of the organization's strategy as well as show important links across the perspectives or dimensions. An audit trail shows the path of a transaction through the accounting system. It can provide information needed to trace any changes made to the general ledger by tracing either to or from an original source document to the general ledger. It helps in tracing all changes in general ledger accounts from beginning balances to ending balances as well as any adjustments made to the accounts. XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) is a variation of XML, which is designed to communicate the content of data. XML improves upon HTML by being able to describe the content of the data presented. However, XML is limited when communicating financial information. For financial purposes, XBRL identifies each piece of data, along with how the data should be processed and how the data relate to other data items. XBRL may soon become the universal standard computer language for communicating financial data. XBRL enables organizations to publish financial information only once, using standard XBRL tags. XBRL tagged information is interpretable and doesn't need to be re-entered by users. Budgets are managerial reports that can be extracted from the general ledger and reporting system. Budgets are used for planning and evaluating the organization's performance. There are several different types of budgets that an organization may use in this regard. The operating budget shows the planned revenues and expenditures for each organizational unit. Cash flow budgets compare the estimated c...