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Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

Chapter 9 The World of Polymers and Plastics

Multiple Choice Questions 1.

A polymer is a large molecule

A. B. C. D.

made up of long chains of atoms held together by hydrogen bonds. made up of long chains of atoms covalently bonded together. made up of a large lattice structure held together by ionic bonds. always made up of identical monomer units.

Remember that monomers, that can be different, share electrons to make long chains. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.01 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

2.

A monomer is A. B. C. D.

a single polymer chain. a polymer made from only one component. a small molecule used to make a polymer chain. a polymer molecule that only contains a single element.

Remember that poly- means "many" and mono- means "one". Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.02 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-1 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

3.

Which would be classified as a "synthetic" polymer? A. B. C. D.

cellulose wool rubber nylon

"Synthetic" means not occurring in nature. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.01 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

4.

Which would be classified as a "natural" polymer? A. B. C. D.

cellulose polystyrene polyester nylon

Natural polymers would be found in nature. This polymer occurs in plants. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.01 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-2 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

5.

This is a schematic representation of the two different forms of polyethylene.

Which of the following statements is true?

A. B. C. D.

I is HDPE and it has a lower melting point than II which is LDPE. I is HDPE and it has a higher melting point than II which is LDPE. I is LDPE and it has a lower melting point than II which is HDPE. I is LDPE and it has a higher melting point than II which is HDPE.

Remember that chains that can be closer together will have a higher melting point and higher density. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.03 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

6.

Which of these synthetic polymers is most closely related to the natural protein polymers? A. B. C. D.

polyester nylon polystyrene polyvinyl chloride

This is one of the first polymers made and has amide linkages. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.01 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-3 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

7.

What do Lycra®, Gore-Tex®, Saran™, Teflon®, and Formica® have in common? A. B. C. D.

They are all brands produced by Dupont. They are all patents owned by Charles Watson. They are all specialized synthetic polymers. They are all approved for use by the FDA.

These do not all belong to the same company or person. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.01 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

8.

Which statement is false? A. B. C. D.

Microfiber is a polymer made into very fine threads. Microfiber is used in clothing as a water repellent. Microfiber is a good insulator. Microfiber is a new type of polymer.

Microfiber has been on the market for sometime. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.01 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9.

Nathaniel Wyeth developed plastic soft drink bottles. They are made from which polymer? A. B. C. D.

HDPE PVC PS PET

This belongs to recycling code 1 and is a copolymer. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.03 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-4 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

10.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used in A. B. C. D.

water bottles. CD cases. milk cartons. plumbing pipe.

This is a very rigid polymer. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

11.

Polystyrene is used to make Styrofoam® cups. For this usage, which property is most important? A. B. C. D.

good insulator light weight white and opaque brittle

Think about keeping drinks hot or cold. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

12.

The "Big Six" polymers are all classified as thermoplastics because they A. B. C. D.

are all used as insulators. can be melted and shaped. are all crystalline. are all amorphous.

This allows the polymers to be molded into almost any shape. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-5 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

13.

Polystyrene is used to make A. B. C. D.

foam coffee cups and CD cases. garbage bags and CDs. shoes and garden hoses. cell phones and contact lenses.

Remember that this has good insulating properties. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

14.

Which polymer is incorrectly matched with its use? A. B. C. D.

LDPE—plastic bag HDPE—milk jug PS—contact lenses PET—soda bottles

Contact lenses would be specialize polymers and not one of the "big six". Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

15.

Some of the uses for polypropylene are yogurt containers, carpeting, luggage, and bottle caps. Which is not a property of polypropylene? A. B. C. D.

high melting point very tough transparent resistant to oils

Can you see light through these items? Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-6 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

16.

The molecules that are added to polymers to make them softer and more pliable are known as A. B. C. D.

monomers. plasticizers. pigments. rubber.

If something is "plastic" it is said to be flexible. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

17.

Blowing agents are gases, or a compound that releases a gas, that are added to polymers in the manufacture of a foamed plastic. Which statement is not true? A. B. C. D.

At one time, CFC's were used as blowing agents. Gaseous pentane is now often used. The DOW 100% CO2 technology uses carbon monoxide. The use of pentane is hazardous because it is highly flammable.

Carbon monoxide is CO. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.04 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-7 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

18.

This is the structure of propylene.

Which of these represents the "head-to-tail, head-to-tail" arrangement of monomers in polypropylene?

A.

B.

C.

D.

There must be a "head" right next to a "tail". Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-8 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

19.

This is the structure of propylene.

Which of these does not represent a possible arrangement of monomers within polypropylene? A.

B.

C.

D.

At most, only 2 CH3 groups may be next to each other. Only one comes on each monomer unit. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-9 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

20.

Which of these is vinyl chloride? A.

B.

C.

D.

Only one has a chlorine atom on the monomer. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Nomenclature Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

21.

The distinctive arrangements of atoms that impart characteristic chemical properties to the molecules that contain them are called A. B. C. D.

monomers. functional groups. radicals. transition states.

These give the molecule a characteristic function. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

9-10 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

22.

Which atoms does a hydroxyl functional group contain? A. B. C. D.

hydrogen and carbon carbon and oxygen hydrogen and oxygen hydrogen and nitrogen

This is found on alcohols. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Functional Groups Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

23.

Which is an amine group?

A. B. C. D.

OH NH2 COOH CNOH

Amines have nitrogen, but no oxygen. Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Functional Groups

9-11 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

24.

In this molecule four different functional groups are circled.

Which is the carboxylic acid functional group? A. B. C. D.

I II III IV

Carboxylic acids are complex functional groups that lose an H from the OH on the end. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Functional Groups Topic: Organic Molecules

25.

Which functional group do all monomers undergoing addition polymerization have in common? A. B.

C.

D.

This is necessary to the double bond can move a set of electron to make the polymer.

9-12 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Formal Charge Topic: Organic Molecules

26.

How many carbon atoms are present in this monomer?

A. B. C. D.

2 3 5 8

Each corner of the ring is one carbon. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Topic: Organic Molecules

27.

Which of these represents a portion of a polyester? A.

B.

C.

Esters have O=C-O-C links. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Topic: Organic Molecules

9-13 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

28.

Which of these represents an amino acid? A.

B.

C.

D.

These have an amino end and an acid end. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.06 Subtopic: Amino Acids Topic: Organic Molecules

29.

Which bond represents the "peptide" bond?

A. B. C. D.

I II III IV

These link amino acids together. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.06 Topic: Organic Molecules

9-14 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

30.

Dacron is classified as a polyester. Which linkage is correct? (The gray areas represent the monomer backbones.)

A.

B.

C.

D.

Remember what the ester group looks like. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Topic: Organic Molecules

31.

A polymer that is made from two different monomers is known as a A. B. C. D.

dimer. dipolymer. copolymer. multimer.

The monomers cooperate.

9-15 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

32.

Which of these polymers is made by the process of condensation polymerization? A. B. C. D.

polyethylene polystyrene polyvinyl chloride polyethylene terephthalate

This is a copolymer and is used for pop bottles. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Subtopic: Polymers Topic: Organic Molecules

33.

Which equation below shows the addition polymerization of ethylene? A.

B.

C.

D.

Remember what ethylene looks like and how the double bond changes when the polymer is formed.

9-16 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Topic: Organic Molecules

34.

Consider the process of condensation polymerization. Which statement is false?

A. A small molecule like water is often formed as the monomers combine to form the polymer. B. The product contains all of the atoms of the starting materials. C. PET is formed using this process. D. Nylon is formed using this process. Either a small molecule is lost or all starting atoms remain, not both. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Topic: Organic Molecules

9-17 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

35.

Which equation correctly shows the first step in the formation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by the process of condensation polymerization? A.

B.

C.

D.

Watch your functional groups carefully!

9-18 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Topic: Organic Molecules

36.

These are the two monomers used to synthesize Kevlar®.

Which of the following represent the products formed after one condensation reaction between the monomers? A.

B.

C.

D.

Notice that one monomer has nitrogens at either end and that those stay with that unit. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.06 Topic: Organic Molecules

9-19 © 2012 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.

Chapter 9 - The World of Polymers and Plastics

37.

Which of these statements are correct for both addition and condensation polymerization? I. Monomer units chemically bond together. II. Product contains all the atoms of the starting material. III. A second product, like water, is also formed during the polymerization process. A. B. C. D.

I only I and II II only II and III

Remember that these mechanism are different. Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand Section: 09.05 Topic: Organic Molecules

38.

Which of these statements are correct for condensation polymerization only? I. Mo...