Chapter 1-3 - Research paper PDF

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Camarines Sur National High School Senior High School

“Tardiness and The Academic Performance of Grade 11 and 12 Arts and Design Track Students of Camarines Sur National High School”

Nabor, Mayeth S. Nasayao, Nomelyn C. Reafor, Grace C. Ramos, Rose An M.

Presented to the Faculty of General Academic Strand (GAS) December 14, 2018

Cristian R. Abad, LPT

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND This chapter presents the different essential elements: the introduction, literature

which

and

contains

statistical

the

rationale;

foundation;

the

the

review

statement

of

of the

general and specific problems; the scope and delimitation which identifies the major variables, sub-variables and the indicators; the significance of the study and the corresponding benefits each will receive; and lastly the notations.

Introduction RATIONALE As

a

excellence

students, in

we

are

everything

expected

that

we

do,

to

perform

most

well

especially

with

in

the

academic aspect. One factor that dictates quality of performance of a student is his/her punctuality that is getting to school on time or being tardy. some

student

affecting

Tardiness has already become a habit of

nowadays,

their

it

academic

can

lead

to

learning

as

more

serious

well

as

problem

in

their

performances, if a student is not on time every day, the student cannot

perform

well

in

class

discussion.

The

most

critical

learning hours of a school day are the morning periods (Zeiger,

2010), specially 8:05 to 9:30 (Cowan, Crier, 2007). These are the times important lesson and subjects at this time. Tardy students miss a part of these lesson or could or could even miss the whole subject period. The tardiness of a student also disturbs others students and the teacher, distracting the flow and system of the whole class. According to Clackmannashire Council Online (as cited by Nakpodia and Dafiaghor 2011) “lateness is disruptive to the individual and the work of the class and may be an early warning of other difficulties”. The tardy students create a diversion of attention as he/she walks in late in class disturbs other students and the teacher with his/her inquiries about the missed lesson

SETTING OF THE PROBLEM Camarines Sur National High School is one of the schools in Naga City where a large number of students enrolled. Mostly, the students are from a middle class family. This school was known as a second home for the certain students, expected that a place they wanted to enhance their education. Grade 10 students is in the state of graduating and expected to be more responsible in coming

to

school

and

passing

their

requirements

on

time.

Tardiness is not much an issue for students nowadays, to them it seemed to be a normal thing. GENERAL OBJECTIVE As a researcher, we will determine the reasons of student’s tardiness and how it can affect to their academic performance. We are about to give information and advices to the beneficiaries of this research.

GENERAL PURPOSE The

purpose

of

this

study

is

to

know

the

different

information and guide them on how to handle these situations regarding student’s tardiness and how it can affect to their Academic Performance. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Title: “Tardiness and The Academic Performance of Grade 11 and 12 Arts and Design Track Students of Camarines Sur National High School” The

researcher

seek

to

conduct

a

research

output

to

determine the reasons of Student’s tardiness and its effect on the academic performance. 1. What are the reasons on students tardiness?

2. How is being late affects their Academic Performance? 3. What are the solutions that they can apply to avoid being late? SCOPE AND DELIMITATION This study “Reasons of Student’s tardiness and its effect on the academic performance of selected Grade 10 BEC Students of Camarines Sur National High School” focuses on the reasons why the students tardiness and how being tardy affects their academic performance. The researchers only focus on selected Grade 10 BEC students. The researcher will conduct survey used by means of answering

questions.

The

respondent

are

composed

of

selected

grade 10 BEC students.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Beneficiaries of the study: To the student/s: The results will provide to a student some knowledge and information regarding the positive and negative effect of being late in the class. To the teacher/s: The result of this research would give a guide to the teachers the reasons of student’s tardiness and its effect on

the

academic

performance.

So

that

they

can

advices

their

student’s on how to avoid tardiness in class and explain what are the effect on the academic performance. To the parents: Parents also be benefited by this study because they can help their children to manage their studies and time. They can also use the result of this as a basis on how to motivate their children to come to school early. To the Administrators: the result of this research may help the administrators of the school see if the students are becoming tardy that it may be a threaten the quality and competency level of the school. To the future researcher: As a present researcher, the proposed study would benefit and help the future researcher as their guide if they want to share the thoughts of what they understood. The study can also be open in the development.

CHAPTER II

THEORECAL FRAMEWORK

RELATED THEORIES

Time Management Theory Time

Management

William

Knause

(1895)

state

that

time

management is important to everyone, this would help them to organize, plan, and ang come early to class. Controlling how much time you spend on various activities and choosing which activity take priority. Being a student it will require different task. This theory will help them to balance their time and understand the importance of time. The Psychology Laziness Theory Psychology Laziness Neil Burton (2014) state that a person is being lazy if he is able to carry out some activity that he ought to carry out but is disciplined to do so because of the effort

involved.

Instead

he

carries

out

the

activity

perfunctorily; or engages in some other, less strenuous or less boring activity; or remains idle. In short, the person is being lazy

if

his

motivation

to

spare

himself

effort

trumps

his

motivation to do the right or expected thing. Attribution Theory Attribution Theory Fritz Heider (1920) is a theory that attempts to explain interpretive process by which people make judgments about the cause of their own behavior and the behavior

of

other.

This

theory

emphasis

that

in

every

action

individual make he or she is the only responsible for that

of

an

 Formulating a well structured questionaire  Gathering data  Interpreting data

O U TPU T

 Student's Profile Respondents  Gender  Section  Age

PRO CESS

IN PU T

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 The interpreted data

The system approach (Input, Process, Output) was used in describing consists

the

of

conceptual

students

framework

profile,

of

the

respondent

study.

which

is

The

input

Grade

10

students in CSNHS. Process is about the action that we used to

gathered data though questionnaire. Lastly the output presents the result of the study.

RELATED LITERATURE This

chapter

presents

the

review

of

related

literature,

related studies, relevant theories, hypothesis and assumptions of the study and definition of terms that are relevant to the study. According

to

CAESC

(2007)

and

Zeiger

(2010),

the

most

essential learning time of the day for the students lies in the morning, specifically between 8:00 to 9:00 AM. It because the students

are

most

important

lessons

and

subject

matters

are

discussed during this time. So when students are late or not presented during this time of the day, they in effect, miss out most of the important lesson to be noted and learned.

In the book cited by Santillano (2011), “Never be late again: 7 cures for the punctually challenged”, the author Diana DeLonzor suggested that some personality traits could most likely lead to a person being often late. Some of the traits included were “struggling with self control”, “feeling nervous or uncomfortable with social situations” and “getting distracted easily”. Santillano also discussed about the study conducted by

DeLonzor at San Francisco State University in 1997 in which she surveyed 225 respondents about their habits that makes them late from their appointments. It was also a test on the personalities of the respondents that affect their habits. According to the results of DeLonzor’s study, those respondents that were often tardy apt to be anxious and gets distracted easily. Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011) attribute lateness or tardiness to a lot of factors or causes. Going late to bed and waking up late next morning are the most common. The authors added film-watching late at night as a cause for tardiness. The student may forget that he/she needs to be in school the next day. The distance between the student’s home and school or solely the

school’s

location

is

also

considered

by

Nakpodia

and

Dafiaghor as a possible cause for tardiness. Not just because it takes more time to get to school, but according to the authors, the student is susceptible to more distractions and hindrances along the way. Parent’s untimely tasks and commands are also reasons that students come late to school. Habitual tardiness can also be learned from other members of the family, especially from the

older

ones.

Lack

of

a

firm

and

consistent

policy

on

punctuality also encourages students to come late at school since there are no consequences attached to lateness or tardiness. These causes of tardiness will lead to serious

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES A

study

conducted

by

Barbara

Lee

Weade

(2004)

tried

to

"determine if school tardiness is a predictor of work tardiness". It provided a lot of literature that observes correlations and factors affecting a student's tardiness. As cited by Weade, the 3rd most common cause for the failure of a student is "excessive tardiness and unexcused absences" "Inconsistency of school rules" and situations such as “crowded halls, limited opportunities for social

interaction,

irrelevant

course

content,

and

teacher

indifference” (Damico et al., 1990) are also factors that affect a student's attendance and punctuality. As mentioned by Weade, personal values, financial security and lack of parental guidance as well as family background influence tardiness and absences of students. A

study

was

conducted

by

Enamiroro

Oghuvbu

(2008)

in

Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the causes of the absenteeism and lateness among the secondary students in Nigeria and to seek for solutions to the growing problem. The study revealed that the causes of lateness among the secondary

students in Nigeria were “going late to bed because of watching films

and

morning,

home

movies,

distance

to

resulting

school

and

in

waking

keeping

up

friends

late

in

the

who

are

not

students”. These results were consistent with the results of Oghuvbu’s referenced studies which proves that tardiness among students has been a growing problem and that it is caused, not just because of the students, but also because of the lack of imposing discipline from the parents. Another study was conducted by Pimentel and Quijada (2011) generally, the results showed that the respondents are seldom late in class because of late-night use of the social networking site. Ledoux, as cited by Pimentel and Quijada, said that lack of sleep causes neural malfunctions and further affects a person’s behavior. In the study’s case, it is a student’s punctuality that is affected. Another factor that could affect the punctuality of a student is the response of the teachers to tardy students. This variation

could

lead

the

students

to

confusion

as

to

how

important it is to be on time in going to class. Another reason is the lack of motivation. Students who come to school on time are not given incentives or rewards. A

study

(Calderella, decreasing

by

Hammill

Christensen, tardiness

in

(2011) Young primary

Institute

and

Densley

school-aged

on

Disabilities

2011)

looked

students

at

using

teacher-written praise notes. The researchers found that students who are frequently late to school often miss out on important opening

announcements

and

academic

activities.

Teachers

can

become frustrated as late students disrupt instruction, often requiring reteaching of what they have missed. Tardy behavior can also negatively affect the overall classroom environment, the study says.

ASUMPTION The researchers’ aims to prepare and find out what are the reasons of students tardiness and its effect to their academic performance and how the students improve their time management in terms of resolving these problems. The researcher assume that the reasons of student’s tardiness can be more effective by gathering all the possible answers that is given by the respondents. It also benefits the other people to improve their selves from being late or tardy.

HYPOTHESIS 1. There is a significant difference: between the Reasons of Students

Tardiness

and

its

effect

on

Performance of Selected Grade10 BEC Students

the

Academic

2. There is no significant difference: between the Reasons of

Students

Tardiness

and

its

effect

on

the

Academic

Performance of Selected Grade10 BEC Students

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY This chapter describes and discusses how the research will gather the necessary data and information that will be using in the entire study. It will describe who will be the respondents and focus of the research. This also shows the procedure of data collection and instruments used: this chapter also discuss the type of research design, method, and the research locate where the study will be conducted. Research Design This study used the Correlation research which about defining the degree of relationship between the variable using the statistical data. The researcher are interested in knowing the relationship between

the

tardiness

and

the

academic

performance.

Questionnaires will be constructed by the researcher and will be distributed

to

the

said

information. Respondent of the Study

respondents

to

gather

the

needed

The respondent in this study are the Grade 11 and 12 Senior High School Arts and Design Track in Camarines Sur National High School. The grade 11 ADT composed of one section and grade 12 ADT also composed of one section. Using the quantitative research every

section

we’re

giving

a

questionnaire

that

should

be

answered. In Grade 11 ADT we are giving 31 questionnaires and in Grade 12 we are giving 31 questionnaires. The overall respondents we have are 75 in Arts and Design.

Instrument of the Study We made a questionnaire that is fitted for our research so that we can be able to come up with this conclusion. Our survey chooses a random respondent of grade 11 and grade 12 Arts and Design Track students. The questionnaire will know the cause and effect of students tardiness and how it effects the academic performance

of

ADT

students

of

Camarines

sur

National

High

School. The researchers also gathered information using related tittle from foreign and local related literature and related studies

STATISTICAL TREATMENT

GRADE AND SECTION 11 ADT 1 12 ADT 1 TOTAL=

TOTAL NUMBER OF STRAND/TRACK 54 40 44

GIVEN: N = 93 e = 5% = 0.05

FORMULA:

N

54

n=

X 76 = 44 1+Ne

2

94 94

40 X 76 = 32

n= 1+ 94(0.05) 94 n= 1.235 n= 76

2

94 32 + 30 + 28 = 76<...