Chapter 1 - Lecture notes 1 PDF

Preview

Summary

MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYCHAPTER IINFORMATION SHEET 1: The Meaning and Importance of Tourism and HospitalityLearning Outcomes: Explain the relationship of tourism and hospitality Compare tourism and hospitality with other industries; and Appreciate the importance of tourism and ho...

Description

MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY CHAPTER I INFORMATION SHEET 1: The Meaning and Importance of Tourism and Hospitality Learning Outcomes: 1. Explain the relationship of tourism and hospitality 2. Compare tourism and hospitality with other industries; and 3. Appreciate the importance of tourism and hospitality

Contents/Discussions Introduction Tourism and hospitality is one of the world’s largest and fastest-growing industries. It contributes greatly to global economic development. The components of this large industry may be independent and competitive businesses; yet, they are interrelated and interdependent. The components of the tourism and hospitality network are: food and beverage services, lodging services, recreation and entertainment services, and travel and tourism services. Tourism and hospitality is an important human activity with economic, social, cultural, and educational significance. More importantly, it is important vehicle for attaining global peace.

1.1 The Relationship of Tourism and Hospitality The tourism and hospitality industries strongly affect one another. Several associations and industry leaders consider the combined industries of tourism and hospitality as one large industry – the tourism and hospitality industry. The components of this large industry include: 1. Food and Beverage Services, 2. Lodging Services, 3. Recreational Services and 4. Travel Related (Tourism) Services. The components constitute the tourism and hospitality networks. “Networks” means a complicated interconnection of parts or components.

Figure1. The Tourism and Hospitality Network The components of the tourism and hospitality network may be independent and competitive business; yet, they are interrelated and interdependent. The interdependence among the components is strong especially in those countries which rely on tourism and hospitality for their economic development. Although the components of the tourism and hospitality network are constantly changing in connection with labor, opportunity, and growth, the network will continue to dominate as a global industry. 1. The Food and Beverage Component The public looks for food and beverage service everywhere – in hotels, motels, airlines, airports, cruise ships, trains and shopping malls. There are commercial restaurants that provide food and beverage services such as fast service restaurants, ethnic restaurants, and specialty restaurants. Aside from restaurants, taverns, bars, kiosks, vending machines, supermarkets, food stalls, food carts and food trucks now offer food and beverage services. These are found everywhere.

2. The Lodging Components Lodging involves providing overnight or even long-term services to guests. For many people, lodging is a place to sleep. For others, lodging facilities not only provide beds but also entertainment and recreational facilities. Hence the lodging industry component has begun to accommodate several customer preferences – from budget motels to luxury hotels and expensive resorts. Lodging facilities such us inns, motor hotels, lodges. There lodging establishments that use different terms such as bed and breakfast, resort hotel, resort condominium, conference center and time-sharing. In other countries, there are lodging establishments such as paradors pensione, chateau, ryokan. 3. Recreation and Entertainment Components Entertainment originated from the traditional duties of a host to entertain his or guests. Whether they are neighbors or travelers from other places. The host has always felt an obligation to attend to the needs of his or her guests notb only for food and beverages and lodging, but also for entertainment. Nowadays, the concept of entertaining guests is broader. Guests are offered different kind of entertainment and recreational activities such as golf, tennis, hiking, boating, swimming, handball, casino gambling, and concerts. 4. Travel and Tourism Components Travel and Tourism are used together as an umbrella term refers to those businesses that provide primary services to travellers. These may include not only food and beverage services, recreation and entertainment services, but also transportation services, and the services of travel agencies and tour operators. 5. Transportation The main purpose of transportation is to make it possible for people to go from one place to another. There are many ways to do this, from the primitive and simple to the modern and complx. The common means of transportation are automobiles, recreational vehicles (RVs), buses, trains, ships, and airlines. 6. Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Travel agencies and tour operators are modern addition to the travel and tourism world. Both have become important in the survival of many businesses in the tourism and hospitality industry. - A Travel Agent s one who sells travel services in a travel agency. He or she sells travel services that are assembled by others into packages. In the travel business, a package is a bundle of related travel services offered to a buyer at a single price. - Tour Operators are wholesalers who make the necessary contacts with hotels, airlines, and other providers of travel services and devise packages which will appeal to retail buyers.

1.2. Definition of Tourism -

-

One of the first attempts to define tourism was that of Professors Hunziker and Krapf of Berne University, Switzerland. They define tourism as the “sum of the phenomena and relationship arising from the travel and stay of nonresidents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected to any earning activity.” This definition distinguishes tourism from migration, which involves taking up permanent residence. Since it necessarily both travel and stay, it excludes day tours. Tourism in the pure sense is essentially pleasure activity in which money earned in one’s abode is spent in paces visited. In this sense, tourism represents a particular form of leisure and a particular form of recreation but does not include all uses of leisure and all forms of recreation. It includes much travel, but not all forms of travel. Tourism therefore, is distinguished from the concepts of leisure and recreation on one hand, and from travel and migration on the other hand.

1.3. Definition of Hospitality -

-

The definition of Hospitality is derived from the Latin word “hospitare”, which means to receive as a guest. This phrase implies that a host is prepared to meet a guest’s requirements while the guest is away from home. The requirements of a guest in these circumstances are food, beverages, lodging, or shelter. Several related words come from Latin root, including hospital, hospice and hostel. In each of these words, the principal meaning is a host who receives , welcomes, and caters to the needs of people who are temporarily away from their homes.

1.4. Meaning of Tourist In 1937, the League of Nations defines “tourist’ as follows: “A tourist is a person who visits a country other than in which he or she usually resides for a period of at least 24 hours.” This was held to include persons travelling for pleasure, domestic reasons or health, person travelling to meetings or on business, and persons visiting a country on a cruise vessel even if for less than 24 hours. - In 1963, a United Nations Conference on International Travel and Tourism recommended a new definition of a “visitor” as “any person visiting a country other than that of earning money.” This definition covers two classes of visitors: 1. Tourists – Temporary visitors stayings at least 24 hours, whose purpose could be classified as leisure, such as recreation, holiday health, study, religion, or sport, business, family, mission and meeting. 2. Excursionists – Temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours in the destination visited and not making an overnight stay, including cruise travelers, but excluding travelers in transit. -...