Chapter 10 Review Genetics PDF

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Cha pt e r1 0Re vi e w 1 .I nt heMe s e l s ona ndS t ahl( 1 9 58 )e xpe r i me nt , be a npl ant s( Vi c i af a b a )we r e r a di oa c t i ve l yl a be l e ds ot ha ta ut or a di ogr a phsc oul dbema deofc hr omos ome s . Fa l s e 2 .DNApol yme r a s eI I Iaddsnuc l e ot i de s__ _ _ _ _ _ _. t ot he3' e ndoft heRNApr i me r 3 .Whi c ht e r msa c c ur a t e l yr e fle c tt hena t ur eofr e pl i c a t i onoft hec hr omos omei nE. Co l i ? bi di r e c t i ona la ndfix e dpoi ntofi ni t i a t i on 4 .Whi c ha c t i vi t yofE. c o l i DNApol yme r a s eIi sr e s pons i bl ef orpr oof r e adi ngt he ne wl ys ynt he s i z e dDNA? 3 ' t o5 ' e x onuc l e as ea c t i vi t y 5 .DNAr e pl i c a t i onoc c ur si nt he5 ' t o3' di r e c t i on;t ha ti s , ne w nuc l e os i de t r i phos pha t e sa r ea dde dt ot he3' e nd. Tr ue 6 .Be l o wi sadi a gr a m ofDNAr e pl i c a t i ona sc ur r e nt l ybe l i e ve dt ooc c uri nE. c o l i . Ar r owss t a r tf r om numbe r sande nda ts pe c i ficpoi nt s . Ans we rt heque s t i ons r e l a t i ngt ot hel oc a t i onss pe c i fie dbyt henumbe r s .

( 1 )Wh i c he nd( 5 ' or3 ' )oft hemol e c ul ei she r e ?

5’ ( 2 )Whi c he nz ymei spr oba bl yf unc t i oni nghe r et ode alwi t hs upe r c oi l si nt he DNA? DNAGyr a s e ( 3 )Whi c he nz ymei spr oba bl yf unc t i oni nghe r et ounwi ndt heDNA? He l i c a s e ( 4 )Whi c hnuc l e i ca c i di spr oba bl yde pi c t e dhe r e ? RNAPr i me r ( 5 )Wha ta r et he s es hor tDNAf r a gme nt sus ua l l yc a l l e d? Okaz a kiFr a gme nt s ( 6 )Whi c he nz ymepr oba bl yf unc t i onshe r et oc oupl et he s et wone wl y

s ynt he s i z e df r a gme nt sofDNA? DNALi ga s e ( 7 )I st hi ss t r a ndt hel e a di ngorl a ggi ngs t r a nd? La ggi ngSt r a nd ( 8 )Whi c he nd( 5 ' or3 ' )oft hemol e c ul ei she r e ? 3’ 7 .Whi c hpr ot e i ni sr e s pons i bl ef ort hei ni t i a ls t e pi nunwi ndi ngt heDNAhe l i x dur i ngr e pl i c a t i onoft heba c t e r i a lc hr omos ome ? Dna A 8 .Thedi s c ont i nuousas pe c tofr e pl i c a t i onofDNAi nv i v oi sc a us e dby_ _ _ _ _ __ _ . t he5 ' t o3 'pol a r i t yr e s t r i c t i on 9 .Theda t aobt a i ne df r om t heMe s e l s on–S t a hle xpe r i me ntaf t e ronege ne r a t i onof r e pl i c a t i one l i mi na t e dt hedi s pe r s i v emode lofDNAr e pl i c a t i on. Fa l s e 1 0 .Whi c he nz ymec a t al yz e st hea ddi t i onofnuc l e ot i de st oagr owi ngDNAc ha i n? DNApol yme r a s e 1 1 .Whi c hoft hef ol l owi ngs t a t e me nt sa boutDNAr e pl i c a t i oni st r ue ? Si ngl e s t r a ndbi ndi ngpr ot ei nss t abi l i z et heope nc onf or ma t i onoft he unwoundDNA 1 2 .Compl e t et hef ol l o wi ngvoc abul a r ye x e r c i s er e l a t e dt oDNAr e pl i c a t i on. 1 . Du r i ngDNAr e pl i c a t i on, a nope ns e c t i onofDNA, i nwhi c haDNA pol yme r a s ec a nr e pl i c a t eDNA, i sc a l l e dRe pl i c a t i onFor k 2 . Th ee nz ymet ha tc anr e pl i c a t eDNAi sc a l l e dDNAPol yme r a s e 3 . Af t e rr e pl i c a t i oni sc ompl e t e , t hes t r a ndofne w DNA, c al l e dDa ught e rDNA, i sc ompl e me nt a r yt ot hepa r e nt a ls t r a nd. 4 . Th ene w DNAs t r andt ha tgr o wsc ont i nuous l yi nt he5' t o3' di r e c t i oni sc a l l e d t heLe a di ngSt r a nd za kiFr a gme nt sa r et hes hor ts e c t i onsofDNAt ha ta r es ynt he s i z e dont he 5 . Oka l a ggi ngs t r a ndoft her e pl i c a t i ngDNA. 1 3 .I nl i ga s e de fic i e nts t r a i nsofE. c o l i , DNAandc hr omos oma lr e pl i c a t i ona r e una l t e r e dbe c a us el i ga s ei snoti nv ol ve di nDNAr e pl i c a t i on. Fa l s e 1 4 .Al lEXCEPTwhi c hoft hef ol l o wi nga r edi ffe r e nc e sbe t we e ne uka r yot i cand pr oka r yo t i cDNAr e pl i c a t i on? Theabi l i t yt of or m ar e pl i c a t i onf or k 1 5 .Anuc l e os omei sas t r uc t ur ea s s oc i a t e dwi t ht henuc l e a rme mbr a ne .I the l ps ma i nt a i nas t a bl er e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nt hee x t r a c e l l ul arma t r i xandt he me mbr anei t s e l f . Fa l s e 1 6 .St r uc t ur e sl oc a t e da tt hee ndsofe ukar yo t i cc hr omos ome sa r ec a l l e d_ _ _ __ _ _ _ . Te l ome r e s

1 7 .Te l ome r a s ei s a nRNAc ont a i ni ng El onga t e se xi s t i ngDNAs t r a nds e nz ymet ha t a ddst e l ome r i cDNA s e que nc e sont o t hee ndsofl i ne a r Pol ymer i z e snuc l e ot i de sf r om 5 ' t o c hr omos ome s . 3 ' Tr ue Re movesRNApr i mer 1 8 .Wha ta r et he r e qui r e me nt sf or i nv i t r os ynt he s i sofDNAunde rt he 3 ' t o5 ' e x onuc l e a s ea c t i vi t y di r e c t i onof DNApol yme r as eI ? 5 ' t o3 ' e x onuc l e a s ea c t i vi t y DNA t e mpl a t e , adi val e nt c a t i on( Mg++) , a ndal lf ouroft he de oxyr i bonuc l e os i det r i phos pha t e s : dATP, dCTP, dTTP, a nddGTP. 1 9 .I de nt i f yt hepr ope r t i e sofDNApol yme r a s eI .Se l e c ta l lt ha ta ppl y.

2 0 .I de nt i f yt hepr ope r t i e sofDNApol yme r a s eI I .Se l e c ta l lt ha tappl y . El onga t e se x i s t i ngDNAs t r a nds Pol yme r i z e snuc l e ot i de sf r om 5 ' t o3 ' 3 ' t o5 ' ex onuc l e a s ea c t i vi t y 2 1 .I de nt i f yt hepr ope r t i e sofDNApol yme r a s eI I I . Se l ec ta l lt ha tappl y. El onga t e se x i s t i ngDNAs t r a nds Pol yme r i z e snuc l e ot i de sf r om 5 ' t o3 ' 3 ' t o5 ' ex onuc l e a s ea c t i vi t y 2 2 .I ft hea na l ys i sofDNAf r om t wodi ffe r e ntmi c r oor ga ni s msde mons t r a t e dve r y s i mi l a rba s ec ompos i t i ons , doe st hi sme a nt ha tt heDNAs e que nc e soft het wo or ga ni s msa l s one a r l yi de nt i c a l ? No 2 3 .Whi c hoft hef ol l owi ngt e r msa c c ur a t e l yde s c r i be st her e pl i c a t i onofDNA i nv i v o ? Se mi di s c ont i nuous 2 4 .DNAr e pl i c a t i oni nv i v or e qui r e sapr i me rwi t haf r e e3 ' e nd. Wha tmol e c ul a r s pe c i e spr ovi de st hi s3 ' e nd,a ndhow i si tpr o vi de d? Thef r e e3 ' e ndi spr ovi de dbya nRNApr i me r ; i ti spr ovi de dbyt he enzyma t i ca c t i vi t yofRNApr i mas e ....