Chapter 11 Outline PDF

Preview

Summary

This is an outline of chapter 11 which goes over rehabilitation for athletes. ...

Description

Chapter 11 Outline This chapter goes over the basics of injury rehabilitation

-

Therapeutic exercise is used as a part of the rehabilitation program

-

Conditioning exercises minimize injury and they also maximize performance

-

The majority of injuries do not need to be treated with a long-term rehabilitation program

-

There needs to be a highly trained professional supervising long-term rehab

-

The athletic trainer should design the rehabilitation program as well as implement and supervise it.

-

Swelling and pain control needs to be provided right away

-

The goal of the athlete is to return their activity as soon as they can and when it is the safest to return

-

Aggressiveness of the treatment is an important decision. If they make a mistake in judgement it could keep the athlete from returning to activity

-

There are several goals for a short-term rehabilitation. There needs to be first aid to control the swelling. They need to be able to control the pain. They need to restore full range of motion. They need to restore core stability. Increase strength, endurance, and power. Neuromuscular control and balance needed to restored. Cardiorespiratory fitness levels need to be maintained

-

First aid needs to be directed toward swelling control. The PRICE principle should be used. (protection, rest, ice, compression, elevation)

-

The amount of pain is determined by the injury. PRICE can help with the pain. Pain can also interfere with rehab.

-

When the joint is injured there will be some loss of motion. This is because the contracture to the connective tissue or the resistance to stretch in the musculotendinous unit.

-

The athlete needs to do dynamic, static of PNF stretching to improve their flexibility

-

Core stability being restored involves stretching

-

Distal extremity function is compromised when there is not proximal core stability. Emphasis on core strength and power in strength training program

-

Restoring the function to a body part requires restoring muscular strength, endurance, and power.

-

Isometrics, progressive resistance, isokinetic, and plyometrics can be used

-

Emphasize work through full range of motion

-

Isometrics is performed in the early part of rehab. They use this method when resistance through gull range can worsen the injury. This method will increase the static strength, can limit atrophy, and it can also decrease swelling

-

Progressive resistance exercise can be used with different types of equipment. This uses is isotonic contractions to generate force while the muscle changes length. Concentric and eccentric strengthening exercises need to be used

-

Isokinetic exercise is in the later stage of rehab. This method uses fixed speeds with accommodating resistance to provide maximal resistance throughout range of motion. They can alter the speed of movement.

-

Plyometric exercise is in the later stages of rehab. The quick stretch of the muscle facilitates subsequent concentric contraction. Protection of dynamic movements. Muscular power. Generation of rapid force

-

The body uses neuromuscular control to teach specific movements. This relies on the central nervous system to interpret and integrate sensory and movement information and control muscles and joints so coordinated movements can happen. To re-establish neuromuscular control there needs to be repetition of the same movement until it becomes automatic. Functional exercises are critical

-

Regaining balance is essential to the reacquiring of athletic skills. Functional exercises should be used. Injury can happen again if balance training does not occur. When balance is challenged the response is reflexive and automatic. Joints of the lower extremity are primary mechanisms for balance control. Rehab plans need to have functional activities that incorporate balance and proprioceptive training.

-

Maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness is the most neglected part of rehab. Missed training time results in decreased cardiorespiratory endurance. There need to be alternate activities for the athlete in rehab.

-

Functional progressions prepare the athlete to return to their sport. Sport-specific skills are broken down into components. Skills are reacquired over a period of time. The skills need to be incorporated into rehab as early as possible and the athletes physical tolerance should be monitored. The activity can be advanced if there is no pain or swelling. Assist athletes in achieving painfree range of motion, strength, and neuromuscular control.

-

Functional testing are progression drills that access the athletes ability to perform specific activities. Single maximal effort to gauge how the close the athlete is to a full return. The types of test are shuttle runs, agility runs, vertical jumps, balance, etc…

-

Therapeutic modalities are incorpaorated into rehab as adjunct exercise. Cryotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasound and electrical stimulation, massage and traction. Special instruction and supervised clinical experience is required.

-

Ice packs are used to minimize swelling. They also provide analgesia after the injury. The ice can be flaked or crushed and can be put in a wet towel or a plastic bag. Elastic wrap generally secures the pack in place for 20 minutes. Compression and elevation are also used along with ice.

-

Hot packs are used to increase the blood flow and facilitate absorption of injury by-pproducts. Relaxation effects. Cold should be used for the first 72 hours after an injury

-

Criteria for return to full activity. Determined by the rehab plan. The athlete needs to be fully reconditioned. Full range of motion, strength, neuromuscular control, cardiovascular fitness, sports specific skills need to be regained. The athlete she also be prepared mentally. This is a group decision....