Chapter 12 Review Guide PDF

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Review guide for chapter 12 ...

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Chapter 12- Neural Tissue Review Guide Name:_____Maressa Carpenter__________________________

Chapter 12 Part I

1. _____neurons_________________ are the functional units of the nervous system

2. _____________________ are the supporting cells of the nervous system

3. The CNS consists of the _____brain____________ and _____spinal cord______________

4. What is the purpose of the central nervous system?

5. What is the purpose of the peripheral nervous system?

6. Information in the PNS is carried to and from the brain using _____________________ nerves

7. Nerves that are connected to the BRAIN are called ____________________ nerves 8. Nerves that are connected to the spinal cord are called _________________ nerves 9. The PNS is divided into 2 subdivisions. The __________________ nervous system controls VOLUNTARY functions. The ___________________ nervous system controls INVOLUNTARY functions

10. Sensory changes to the internal and external environment are detected by _________________. This sensory information is then carried to the brain using _________________ nerves. 11. Once the brain processes sensory information it sends out motor commands (EFFECTORS) to muscles, glands, and adipose tissue using ______________ nerves 12. The autonomic nervous system is divided into 2 subdivisions. The _________________ nervous system is responsible for the “fight or flight” response due to the production of _______________. The ______________________ nervous system is responsible for the “rest and digest” response due to the production of ____________________. 13. Draw a neuron and label the 4 general regions

14. The cell body contains ________________________ and ____________________ that extend into the dendrites to provide internal support for the neuron

15. What do perikaryon produce?

16. What causes the neuron cell bodies to look gray under the microscope?

17. What is the purpose of dendrites?

18. The initial segment of the axon is called the _________________________

19. What is the function of the axon?

20. Axons branch into a series of fine extensions called ___________________ 21. The end of the neuron meets either another nerve, muscle, gland, or adipose tissue at the axon __________________. The unique thing about the end of the neuron is that it does not actually connect with its target. Instead, there is a gap known as the ________________.

22. Name the STRUCTURE and FUNCTION of the following types of neurons

23. ____________________ are a collection of cell bodies in the PNS 24. What type of sensory neurons monitor the outside world?

25. What type of sensory neurons monitor the internal environment

26. What is the function of somatic motor neurons?

27. What is the function of visceral motor neurons? 28. The axon extending form the CNS to the 1st neuron is called the ___________________ fiber. The axon connecting the 2nd neuron to the effector is known as the ___________________ fiber. 29. Label the pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic fibers

30. _________________ are neuroglia that are star-shaped and have slender processes that expand into “feet”. The tight barrier formed by the feet is responsible for the _________________ barrier that allows the passage of some substances, but limits others into the brain. 31. What are the neuroglia cells that are responsible for producing and monitoring CSF in the brain ventricles?

32. Why are oligodendrocytes an important neuroglial cell?

33. What is responsible for the “white matter” of the brain?

34. ___________________ are neuroglial cells that help the immune system monitor the brain’s internal environment

35. What is the function of a satellite cell?

36. What is the function of a Schwann cell?

Chapter 12 Part II 1. What is resting membrane potential?

2. What is a passive ion channel?

3. What is a chemically gated ion channel?

4. What is a voltage gated ion channel?

5. What is a mechanically gated ion channel?

6. What is the difference between a graded potential and an action potential?

7. Why is it important for the neuron to reach threshold potential?

8. What is the difference between a relative and absolute refractory period?

9. What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump with neural action potentials?

10. Explain continuous propagation

11. Explain salutatory propagation

12. Explain what is occurring at a neural synapse...