Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian PDF

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Professor: Susan Haifleigh....

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Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian ● Whig party members appoint themselves arbiters of taste when George the 1st takes the throne ● Promote Neo-Palladianism as rational, correct, polite ○ Metaphor for owner’s culture & education ● Interiors ○ Classical details, rich materials ○ Adom rooms, display owners collections acquired on the Grand Tour ○ Mid century, classicism coexists with Rococo, Chinese, Gothic influence in interiors & furniture Concepts: Whigs correct architecture with common sense & good-tasting ● Reject Baroque classicism of Palladio & Englishman Inigo Jones ● Neo-Palladian rational yet flexible, based on antiquity, nationalistic associations ○ Pattern books initiate & spread the style ● Several interior & furniture styles ○ Those in Neo-Palladian houses by William Kent based on Venetian Baroque ○ Romantic & picturesque movements inspire Gothic revival ○ French Rococo & Chinese Architecture: Neo-Palladian England’s national style 1st half of the 18th century ● Almost exclusively domestic ● Form & details from Vitruvius, Palladio, Inaja Jones ● Plain walls or spaces around windows; cube shapes, porticoes, temple fronts, venetian or Palladian windows, Diocletian or thermae windows, quoins ○ Two forms: main house with wings or smaller buildings & rectangular blocks ● Pattern books spread style ● 1830’s some Gothic or Gothic revival structures ○ Historical accuracy not important ○ Light, visual complex, Gothic forms and details Interiors: Neo-Palladian in mansions, townhouses, manor houses ● Grand proportions, rich & costly materials, bold colors, classical details ○ Doors, windows, walls, ceiling, chimneypiece ○ Details from Palladio, Jones, Venetian Baroque & spread by pattern books ● William Kent prominent architect, for Neo-Palladian mansions ● Mid century, Gothic, Rococo, Chinese forms & motifs on walls, ceilings, chimneypieces, textiles, wallpaper, furniture ○ Conservative Rococo & Chinese mainly ornament ○ Gothic emulates architectural style ○ Rococo mixes with Gothic & Rococo Furnishings and Decorative Arts: Golden age for furniture- many styles, new types, excellent

construction ● Queen Anne (1702-1714)- plain, comfortable, human scale; curvilinear, elongated; chairs definitive; new card tables ● Baroque & William Kent (1710-1750)- no precedents for Palladian furniture; massive, elaborate custom designed; marble tops, scrolls, shells, masks, venetian scrolls, lions, dolphins, eagles ● Early Georgian (1714-1750)- transition between Queen Anne & Chippendale; sub-styles ● Chippendale (1750-1770)- low, broad proportions; pierced splats; straight or curved legs; Rococo, Chinese and/or Gothic details...