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Chapter 06: Cultural and Ethnic Considerations Cooper: Foundations of Nursing, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE

Culture varies from patient to patient. Why is it important that the nurse understand and accept each person as an individual? a. To develop a plan of care b. To provide holistic care c. To identify differences d. To support each patient 1.

ANS: B

Accepting each person as an individual is the first step in providing holistic care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 95 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A 2.

OBJ: 2 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

What is a fixed concept of how all members of an ethnic group act or

think? a. b. c. d.

Variations within a cultural group Identical practices Holistic nursing Ethnic stereotypes

ANS: D

Ethnic stereotypes are fixed concepts of how all members of an ethnic group act or think. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 96 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

OBJ: 4 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

All nurses should work to provide culturally appropriate nursing care. What is the integration of cultural knowledge into all aspects of care? a. Cultural competence b. Transcultural nursing c. Nursing process d. Team nursing 3.

ANS: B

All nurses should provide transcultural nursing, which is the integration of cultural knowledge into all aspects of care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 96 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

OBJ: 1 | 2 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

4. What is the term for when members of a particular ethnic group believe that their beliefs and practices are the best? a. Prejudice

b. c. d.

Separatism Ethnocentrism Bias

ANS: C

When members of a particular ethnic group believe that their practices and beliefs are the best, it is referred to as ethnocentrism. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 96 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

OBJ: 4 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

5. What is the term used to describe cultures in which women make decisions about health care and provide the care and discipline to the children? a. Biological b. Matriarchal c. Cultural d. Patriarchal ANS: B

In a matriarchal society, women make the decisions about health care. In patriarchal society, the men make decisions about health care. There is no such thing as biological or cultural cultures. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 101 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A 6. a. b. c. d.

OBJ: 4 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

What basic philosophy in the United States is relevant to health care? Folk remedies Biomedical therapy Holistic therapy Spiritual intervention

ANS: B

Most people in the United States believe biomedical therapy is the best way to treat disease. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 106 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A 7.

OBJ: 4 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

What is a set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and practices shared by a

group? a. b. c. d.

Race Ethnicity Culture Religion

ANS: C

Culture is a set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and practices shared by a group.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 95 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

OBJ: 4 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

A nurse is American-born and works in a large hospital with patients from many cultures. What must this nurse develop to provide the best care? a. Another language b. Assessment skills c. Cultural competence d. Care planning ability 8.

ANS: C

To provide care to patients from different cultures, the nurse must develop cultural competence. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 96 TOP: Culture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

OBJ: 3 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

9. The nurse from New York City is caring for a patient from Atlanta, Georgia. What difference between the nurse and patient may cause them to experience difficulty in communicating? a. Race b. Subculture c. Ethnic group d. Culture ANS: B

Subcultures have characteristic patterns that distinguish them from the rest of the culture. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 95 TOP: Subculture KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

OBJ: 2 MSC: NCLEX: N/A

10. The father of an American Indian has just died. What should the nurse do immediately after death? a. Provide privacy so that the family may touch and kiss the deceased goodbye b. Ask about providing help with the death ceremony c. Carefully wrap the deceased’s clothing for the family to take home d. Mention the deceased by name frequently ANS: B

In the American Indian culture it is taboo to touch the deceased or any of the belongings of the deceased. After death, the name of the deceased is not spoken. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: American Indian MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 113 OBJ: 1 | 4 | 6 KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation

11. What is the term for a generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or a group? a. Dialect b. Religion c. Ethnicity d. Stereotype ANS: D

A stereotype is a generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or a group. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 96 TOP: Stereotype KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

OBJ: 4

12. What is the term for a group of people who share biological physical characteristics? a. Race b. Culture c. Religion d. Social organization ANS: A

A race is a group of people who share biological physical characteristics. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 96-97 TOP: Race KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

OBJ: 4

13. What is the term for a group of people who share a common social and cultural heritage based on shared traditions, national origin, and physical and biological characteristics? a. Race b. Culture c. Religion d. Ethnicity ANS: D

Ethnicity refers to a group of people who share a common social and cultural heritage based on shared traditions, national origin, and physical and biological characteristics. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 96-97 TOP: Ethnicity KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

OBJ: 4

A nurse is caring for a neonate born to observant Orthodox Jewish parents. Who can the nurse anticipate will name the neonate? a. Father b. Mother 14.

c. d.

Grandfather Grandmother

ANS: A

For observant Jews, babies are named by the father. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 104 OBJ: 2 | 3 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

15. A nurse is caring for a male neonate born to observant Orthodox Jewish parents. Who will the nurse anticipate will circumcise the neonate? a. A bishop b. A mohel c. His father d. His health care provider ANS: B

Male children are named 8 days after birth, when ritual circumcision is done. A mohel performs the circumcision. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 104 OBJ: 2 | 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

16. A nurse is caring for a female neonate born to observant Orthodox Jewish parents. What book does the nurse know will be used when naming this neonate? a. Bible b. Koran c. Holy Torah d. Book of Mormon ANS: C

For observant Jews, female babies are usually named during a reading of the Holy Torah. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 104 OBJ: 2 | 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

17. A nurse is caring for an Orthodox Jewish woman immediately after she has given birth. What can the nurse expect regarding the spouse’s participation in his wife’s care? a. He will share a bed with the patient. b. He will ask to bathe with the patient. c. He will touch the patient frequently. d. He will avoid physical contact with the patient. ANS: D

For observant Jews, a woman is considered to be in a ritual state of impurity whenever blood is coming from her uterus, such as during menstrual periods and after the birth of a child. During this time, her husband will not have physical contact with her. When this time is completed, she will bathe herself in a pool called a mikvah. Nurses need to be aware of this practice and be sensitive to the husband and wife because the husband will not touch his wife. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 104 OBJ: 4 | 5 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

18. A nurse is caring for an Orthodox Jewish patient. What is the most appropriate dietary requirement for the nurse to implement? a. Mixing of milk and meat at a meal b. Use of separate cooking utensils for meat and milk products c. Use of one set of cooking utensils for meat and milk products d. Consumption of food not slaughtered in accordance with Jewish law ANS: B

For observant Jews, Kosher dietary laws include the following: no mixing of milk and meat at a meal; no consumption of food or any derivative thereof from animals not slaughtered in accordance with Jewish law; use of separate cooking utensils for meat and milk products; if a patient requires milk and meat products for a meal, the dairy foods should be served first, followed later by the meat. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 104 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

The nurse is preparing an Orthodox Jewish patient’s tray during Passover. What intervention is appropriate for this patient? a. Avoid fish dishes. b. Encourage time for prayer. c. Offer the patient leavened products. d. Encourage the use of loud music in celebration. 19.

ANS: B

Orthodox Jews say prayers over the bread and wine before meals. Time and a quiet environment should be provided for this. During Passover, no leavened products are eaten. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 104 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

20. A nurse is preparing to discuss birth control options for a Roman Catholic patient. What is the most appropriate method for the nurse to discuss with this patient? a. Abstinence b. Vasectomy c. Tubal ligation d. Oral contraceptives ANS: A

Birth control for Roman Catholics is prohibited except for abstinence or natural family planning. Referral to a priest for questions about this can be of great help. Nurses can teach the techniques of natural family planning if they are familiar with them; otherwise, this should be referred to the health care provider or to a support group of the Church that instructs couples in this method of birth control. Sterilization is prohibited unless there is an overriding medical reason. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 104 OBJ: 3 | 5 | 7 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

A nurse is preparing a meal tray for a patient who is a Latter-Day Saint. What beverage should the nurse prepare? a. Tea with all meals b. Coffee each morning c. Cola beverages d. Fruit juice 21.

ANS: D

For observant Latter-Day Saints, beverages with caffeine such as cola, coffee, and tea; alcohol; and other substances are considered injurious. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 102 OBJ: 4 | 7 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

A nurse is caring for a patient who is a Latter-Day Saint. The nurse is aware members of this faith may wear sacred undergarments. What intervention is appropriate for the nurse caring for this patient? a. Instruct the patient to remove the undergarments. b. Allow the patient to wear the undergarments only at night. c. Allow the patient to wear the undergarments only during the day. d. Remove the undergarments in emergency situations only. 22.

ANS: D

For observant Latter-Day Saints, a sacred undergarment may be worn at all times and should be removed only in emergency situations. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Religious practices MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 23. a. b. c. d.

REF: 102 OBJ: 4 | 5 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

Which statement about the biomedical health belief system is true? Life processes can be manipulated by humans by mechanical interventions. Life processes cannot be manipulated by humans by mechanical interventions. Disease has a nonspecific cause, onset, course, and treatment. Disease is only caused by failure of body parts and chemical imbalances.

ANS: A

Characteristic of the biomedical health belief system includes the beliefs that life is regulated by biomedical and physical processes. Life processes can be manipulated by humans by mechanical interventions. Health is the absence of disease or signs and symptoms of disease. Disease is an alteration of the structure and function of the body. Disease has a specific cause, onset, course, and treatment. It is caused by trauma, pathogens, chemical imbalances, or failure of body parts. Treatment focuses on the use of physical and chemical treatments. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 106-108 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

Which health belief system is commonly referred to as “third-world” beliefs and practices? a. Folk health belief system b. Holistic health belief system c. Biomedical health belief system d. Alternative/complementary belief system 24.

ANS: A

The folk health belief system is commonly referred to as “third-world” beliefs and practices. It is often called strange or weird by nurses and other health professionals who are unfamiliar with folk medicine beliefs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 108 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

25. Which health belief system includes a belief of a supernatural force exerting influence to cause health or illness?

a. b. c. d.

Folk Holistic Biomedical Alternative/complementary

ANS: A

The folk health belief system is commonly referred to as “third-world” beliefs and practices. It is often called strange by nurses and other health professionals who are unfamiliar with folk medicine beliefs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 108 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

26. Which health belief system focuses on restoring balance with physical, social, and metaphysical worlds? a. Folk health belief system b. Holistic health belief system c. Biomedical health belief system d. Alternative/complementary belief system ANS: B

The treatment based on the holistic health belief system is designed to restore balance with physical, social, and metaphysical worlds. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 108 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

27. The nurse is caring for a patient who fasts during daylight hours during Ramadan. The nurse recognizes that the patient is adhering to the cultural beliefs of which culture? a. Muslims b. African Americans c. Chinese Americans d. Mexican Americans ANS: A

Muslims practice fasting during daylight hours during Ramadan. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 103 | 113 | 114 OBJ: 4 | 5 TOP: Health belief systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 28. The nurse is caring for a Muslim patient. What dietary selection should the nurse serve to this patient? a. Bacon, eggs, and toast b. Pork fried rice

c. d.

Ham and cheese sandwich Chicken and rice

ANS: D

Muslims practice avoidance of foods that include pork products. Bacon, pork, and ham are all pork products. Only the chicken and rice meal does not include a pork product. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 114 OBJ: 1 | 2 | 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

A patient requests a consultation between the health care provider and a religious leader known as an Imam. What is this patient’s cultural belief? a. Muslim b. African American c. Chinese American d. Mexican American 29.

ANS: A

Muslims may wish to have their health care provider consult with an Imam, a religious leader. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 111 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

The nurse is delivering a meal tray to a female Muslim patient. What intervention is most appropriate for this patient? a. Offering her a ham and cheese sandwich b. Providing her with a male nurse c. Providing her with a female nurse d. Offering her bacon and eggs 30.

ANS: C

When caring for Muslims, same-sex health care providers should be used if at all possible. Ham and bacon are not appropriate items to offer a Muslim patient, since they do not consume pork products. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 111 OBJ: 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

31. The nurse is caring for a Chinese American patient. How should this nurse demonstrate cultural awareness? a. Maintain eye contact with the patient. b. Hold the patient’s hand while conversing. c. Touch the patient’s arm when speaking to the patient.

d.

Sit side-to-side when speaking with the patient.

ANS: D

Chinese Americans view maintaining eye contact as ill-mannered and disrespectful. They are uncomfortable when face-to-face, and prefer to sit side-to-side or at a right angle to carry on conversation. Touching is not usual during conversation; it is regarded as disrespectful or impolite. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 112 OBJ: 4 | 5 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

32. The nurse is caring for a Mexican American patient. What nursing intervention would best demonstrate cultural sensitivity? a. Encouraging consultation of male members of the family regarding health care decisions b. Discouraging consultation of male members of the family regarding health care decisions c. Insisting on providing all personal care required by the patient d. Asking only female family members about health care decisions ANS: A

When caring for Mexican Americans, families may expect to help care for the patient. Male family members usually are consulted before health care decisions are made. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 112 OBJ: 4 | 5 | 7 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

33. The nurse is caring for an African-American patient. Who would the nurse expect to be the primary decision maker in the patient’s family? a. Men b. Women c. Clergy d. Grandparents ANS: B

When caring for African Americans, women are primarily the decision makers in the family and are frequently the head of the household. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Health belief systems MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity

REF: 112 OBJ: 1 | 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A

34. The nurse is caring for a Mexican American patient who is in labor. How can this nurse best demonstrate cultural sensitivity? a. Encouraging female family members to be present for the delivery b. E...