Chem 1411-Lab Report PDF

Preview

Summary

Download Chem 1411-Lab Report PDF

Description

Hieu Le Dr. Christopher Obondi CHEM 1411-50010 Lab Sec.W-9.30-12.10 Feb-13-2019 Lab Report Separation of the Components of a Mixture Objective To separation of two components Introduction Mixture are combination of two or more substances in which each substance retain its own chemical identity and therefore its own properties. The substances making up a mixture are called components. Mixture do not have the same composition, properties, and appearance throughout the mixture. Such mixture called heterogeneous. Mixture that are uniform in composition, properties, and appearance throughout are called homogeneous. Mixtures are characterized by two fundamental properties: 

Each of the substances in the mixture retains its chemical identity



Mixtures are separable into these components by physical means

Although there are numerous physical properties that can be used to identify a particular substance. The method we will use for the separation depend on difference in physical properties 1. Decantation: This is the process of separating a solid from a liquid by gently pouring the liquid from the solid 2. Filtration. This is the process of separating a solid from a liquid by means of a porous substances-a filter- which allows the liquid pass through but not the solid. 3. Extraction. This is the separation of a substance from a mixture by preferentially dissolving that substance in a suitable solvent 4. Sublimation. This is the process in which a solid passes directly to the gaseous state and back to the solid state

Procedure A mixture consists of three components: NH4Cl, NACl, SiO2 was weighed about 2 to 3 g. Then heat the NH4Cl for 15 min. Allow the evaporating dish to cool until it reaches room temperature and then weigh the evaporating dish with the contained solid. The loss in mass represent the amount of NH4Cl in the mixture Residue after heating are NACl and SiO2. To extract this compound, add 10mL of water and decant this liquid into the second evaporating dish as before. Repeat with another 10mL of water. This process will extract the soluble NACl solution from the sand Heated the evaporating dish that contained the sodium chloride solution on the clay triangle. When the sodium chloride has dried completely, no more water will condense on the watch glass, it would be dry. Let the evaporating dish and watch glass cool to room temperature on a wire gauze and weigh them. The difference between this mass and the mass of empty evaporating dish is the mass of NACl. Heat the evaporating dish that contained wet sand until the lump break up and the sand appear dry. Heat for 10 min to dull redness. Weigh the dish after it has cooled to room temperature. Calculated the difference between this mass and the mass of empty dish is the mass of the sand

Results A. Mass of Evaporating dish and Original Sample: 44.3 Mass of evaporating dish: 41.47 g Mass of original sample: 2.83 g Mass of evaporating dish after subliming NH4Cl: 43.76 g Mass of NH4Cl: 0.54 g Percent of NH4Cl: ~19% show calculating (0.54*100)/2.83 B. Mass of evaporating dish, watch glass, and NACl: 75.26 g

Mass of evaporating dish and watch glass: 74.73 g Mass of NACl: 0.53 g Percent of NACl : 18.72% show calculating: (0.53*100)/2.83 C. mass of evaporating dish and SiO2: 43.12 g Mass of evaporating dish: 41.47 g Mass of SiO2: 1.6 g Percent of SiO2: 58.3% show calculating: (1.65*100)/2.83 D. Mass of original sample: 2.83 g Mass of determined (NH4Cl+NACl+SiO2): 2.72 g Percent recovery of matter: 96.11% Account for your errors: (2.72/2.83)*100=96.11% ( sand spilled down during the heating Conclusion...