Chemistry 2 Outline PDF

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SUBJECT OUTLINE 65212 Chemistry 2 Course area

UTS: Science

Delivery

Spring 2017; City

Credit points 6cp Requisite(s)

65111 Chemistry 1 These requisites may not apply to students in certain courses. See access conditions.

Result type

Grade and marks

Attendance: 6hpw (3hrs lecture, 3hrs practical)

Subject coordinator Dr Brian Reedy Phone: (02) 9514 1709 Room: CB04.05.339 Email: [email protected] For practical allocation matters, email Steve at [email protected]

Teaching staff Other teaching staff Dr Barbara Stuart ([email protected]) Dr Andrew McDonagh ([email protected]) Dr Bradley Williams ([email protected])

Subject description The study of chemistry is central to an understanding of the physical world, and is fundamental to the study of biology, geology, and environmental science. This subject builds on and develops further the material introduced in 65111 Chemistry 1. The subject is divided into the broad areas of physical chemistry (equilibria, kinetics and thermochemistry) and organic chemistry (carbon compounds and their reactions, including biological molecules such as proteins, sugars and nucleic acids). The study of physical chemistry allows for the explanation and prediction of chemical reactivity and energetics, while organic chemistry provides the building blocks for understanding the complexity of the natural world.

Subject learning objectives (SLOs) Upon successful completion of this subject students should be able to: 1. Explain key principles in physical and organic chemistry and relate these to modern chemical research and professional practice 2. Measure and make predictions about the yield, rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions, and the energy changes involved in those reactions 3. Apply the principles of chemical equilibrium to aqueous acids and bases, buffer solutions and sparingly soluble inorganic salts. 4. Understand the structure and reactivity of a range of organic compounds (including biological molecules) according to the functional groups they possess and their stereochemistry 5. Apply practical skills to perform basic organic synthesis and solvent extraction, and to determine the presence of molecular functional groups through chemical tests and spectroscopy 6. Collect and analyse physical chemical data in such a way that meaningful conclusions can be drawn 7. Communicate chemical concepts to a range of audiences, both verbally and in writing 14/07/2017 (Spring 2017)

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Course intended learning outcomes (CILOs) This subject also contributes specifically to the development of following course intended learning outcomes: An understanding of the nature, practice and application of the chosen science discipline. (1.0) The ability to acquire, develop, employ and integrate a range of technical, practical and professional skills, in appropriate and ethical ways within a professional context, autonomously and collaboratively and across a range of disciplinary and professional areas, e.g. time management skills, personal organisation skills, teamwork skills, computing skills, laboratory skills, data handling, quantitative and graphical literacy skills. (3.0) An understanding of the different forms of communication - writing, reading, speaking, listening - including visual and graphical, within science and beyond and the ability to apply these appropriately and effectively for different audiences. (6.0)

Contribution to the development of graduate attributes 1. Disciplinary knowledge and its appropriate application This subject aims to develop students’ understanding of chemistry and its significance in other scientific disciplines. This subject will develop the student’s knowledge of chemistry through the lecture/tutorial sessions and online self-test quizzes, while practical skills and knowledge will be developed in the laboratory sessions. These concepts are assessed in the laboratory quizzes, mid-session and final exams. 3. Professional skills and their appropriate application In the practical sessions, students will gain understanding and proficiency in a number of skills critical to their development as professional scientists. These skills include problem solving, experimental procedures, teamwork and professional conduct in the laboratory. The assessment of these skills will be covered in all laboratory-based assessment tasks. Problem solving skills will be developed by the in-lab questions and assessed in the laboratory quizzes; experimental skills will be developed during practical sessions and assessed in the practical examination. Teamwork and professionalism in the laboratory will be developed and assessed through the professional practice points. 6. Communication skills Communication skills are an essential part of the development of a professional scientist. Throughout the session students will be required to communicate their results in their lab manuals, which will be assessed during the laboratory session. As part of the assessment of the stereochemistry model-building practical, students will present and explain models of chiral compounds to their peers and demonstrators, and will be assessed on the clarity and accuracy by which they do this.

Teaching and learning strategies This subject will be delivered through lectures, practical classes and independent learning activities. There will be 3 hours of lectures each week. These sessions introduce and explain key principles in physical and organic chemistry and relate them to modern chemical research and professional practice. Students are expected to complete assigned readings before class and be prepared to discuss the content in the classroom. Lecture time also offers opportunities for questioning and clarification of the subject material. Attendance is recommended at all lectures to develop a complete understanding of the content (students who do not attend lectures often do not pass this subject). The laboratory classes are an essential part of the subject as they will consolidate a student’s understanding of theoretical concepts delivered in the lectures. Students will usually work in pairs to develop important practical skills that are highly sought after by future employers, including an understanding of laboratory safety and other important professional experience. Attendance for the laboratory program is compulsory. Numerous independent learning activities with structured feedback are employed in Chemistry 2, accessed through UTSOnline and Mastering Chemistry. These include post-lecture activities such as online self-quizzes designed to test the understanding of concepts encountered in class. The completion of pre-laboratory exercises delivered online will be compulsory for all students before entering the laboratory sessions. Students get three types of feedback in prac classes on a weekly basis: quiz mark (discipline content), professional practive points (professional conduct), experimental mark (based on results and effort). 14/07/2017 (Spring 2017)

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Content (topics) The following topics will be covered Solubility equilibria. Ksp. Common Ion Effect. Hydrolysis of ions. pH of salt solutions. Polyprotic acids, theory of acid-base titrations in water, qualitative and quantitative treatment of titration curves, choice of indicators, buffer solutions, buffer action, factors affecting buffer efficiency. Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Galvanic cells, standard electrode potentials, corrosion, electrolytic cells. Nernst equation. Faraday’s law. Factors affecting reaction rates. Average and instantaneous rates of reactions. Integrated rate law for first order reactions, establishment of rate laws from experimental data, comparison of graphs for first and second order reactions, half-life of for first and second order reactions, comparison of graphs for first and second order reactions. Ideas of reaction mechanisms, elementary reactions, molecularity of a reaction step, reaction intermediates, energy profile for a reaction step, activation energy, relationship between rate constants and temperature (Arrhenius equation), Stereoisomerism, naming stereoisomers using E/Z or R/S conventions. Recognition and names of simple benzenes, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines, esters and amides. Substitution reactions of benzene and contrast with alkene additions. Substitution and elimination reactions of haloalkanes and alcohols. Oxidation reactions of alcohols and aldehydes. Reactions of aldehydes and ketones leading to alcohols, imines, hemiacetals and acetals. Acid-base equilibria of carboxylic acids and amines, including application to solvent separation. Correlation of structure with acidity in phenols and carboxylic acids. Condensation and hydrolysis reactions involving carboxylic acids, acid chlorides, anhydrides, esters and amides; polyesters and polyamides. Organic synthesis involving more than one reaction step. Structure and properties of amino acids. Zwitterions, acid-base reactions. Sidechain classification. Structure of peptides and proteins. 1, 2, 3 and 4 structures. a-Helix and b-pleated sheet. Structure and properties of monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. Amino- and deoxy-sugars. D/L nomenclature. Pyranose and furanose forms, anomers. Glycosidic bond, a and b linkages. Structure and properties of nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleic acids. Purines and pyrimidines; chemical basis for the genetic code, DNA double helix. Structures and properties of lipids - fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols, vitamins.

Program Week/Session

Dates

Description

1 (non-teaching)

24-28 July

Students to view orientation material (videos) on UTSOnline, and attempt revision quiz in Mastering Chemistry

2

31 July - 4 Aug

Hydrolysis of acidic and basic salts, pH of salt solutions, polyprotic acids, buffers, Hendersen-Hasselbach equation, acid-base titrations and indicators Notes: Prac registration (no experiments) but compulsory attendance

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3

7-11 Aug

Solubility equilibria: Ksp Solubility equilibria: common ion effect Kinetics: factors affecting rates of reactions, rate laws, reaction orders Notes: Expt phy-1 (pH titrations)

4

14-18 Aug

Determining rate laws, half-lives, reaction mechanisms, Arrhenius relationship, catalysts Notes: Expt phy-2 (Solubility equilibria)

5

21-25 Aug

Enthalpy of reactions, calorimetry Enthalpy of formation, combustion, Hess's Law Entropy, Gibb's free energy Notes: Expt phy-3 (Kinetics)

6

28 Aug - 1 Sept

Corrosion, electrolysis Faraday's law, Nernst equation Standard electrode potentials, galvanic cells Carbon chemistry; nomenclature; constitutional isomers; alkanes/cycloalkanes; Notes: Expt phy-4 (Thermochemistry)

7

4-8 Sept

Reaction of alkanes Stereoisomers, chirality, enantiomers Meso compounds, diastereoisomers Alkenes, alkynes, cis and trans isomers Notes: Expt org-0 (Organic models and melting points + Physical Quiz Part 1)

Review Week

11-15 Sept

No classes scheduled.

8

18-22 Sept

Reactions of alkenes, Markovnikov's rule Benzene and aromaticity Reactions of aromatic compounds Alcohols, phenols, ethers Notes: Expt org-0 (Organic models and melting points + Physical Quiz Part 2)

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9

25-29 Sept

Synthesis of alkenes, beta-elimination, nucleophilic substitution Carbonyl compounds Notes: Expt org-1 (Organic models and stereochemistry)

10

2-6 Oct

Carbonyl compounds Carboxylic acids Notes: Expt org-2 (Alcohols, aldehydes, ketones)

11

9-13 Oct

Amines Esters, lipids Amides Notes: Expt org-3 (Acid-base and solvent extraction)

12

16-20 Oct

Amino acids and proteins Carbohydrates: sugars and polysaccharides Nucleic acids Notes: Expt org-4 (Esters, aspirin)

Review Week

23-27 Oct

No scheduled classes.

In the above program, the Description column gives the lecture content and the Notes content gives the laboratory content. The scheduling of the lecture content listed in the program may change as the semester proceeds - check the lecture notes on UTSOnline or consult the relevant lecturer.

Assessment Assessment task 1: Practical Intent:

This assessment task contributes to the development of the following graduate attributes: 1. Disciplinary knowledge and its appropriate application. 3. Professional skills and their appropriate application. 6. Communication skills.

Objective(s): This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s): 1.0, 3.0 and 6.0

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Type:

Laboratory/practical

Groupwork: Group, group and individually assessed Weight:

35%

Task:

The breakdown is as follows: 20% Practical component Task: You will undertake laboratory exercises which generally comprise pre-work, experimental work, post work and a 15 min assessment task on the laboratory subject matter. Objective: This assessment task contributes to the development of GAs 1 and 3, and SLOs 1-6 Criteria: Students will be assessed on their knowledge of the content and ability to explain and interpret their results. 5% Professional practice points Task: You will develop your skills as a professional scientist in the laboratory sessions throughout, you will be assessed on your own performance in the laboratory. Objective: This assessment task contributes to the development of GAs 3 and 6, and SLOs 5-7 Criteria: Skills that a planned on being assessed are organisational/interpersonal skills and the ability to work independently or in a team environment. 5% Practical examination Task: You will perform chemical tests to determine the identity of the functional group on unknown organic compounds. Objective: This assessment task contributes to the development of GAs 1 and 3, and SLOs 1, 4, 5. Criteria: You will be assessed on your ability to accurately determine the identity of the main organic functional group on a number of unknown compounds. 5% Stereochemistry model building exercise Task: You will be given the name and formula of a small number (1-2) of chiral compounds and asked to build molecular models of these. You will then demonstrate the important aspects of the structure and stereochemistry of these molecules to your practical group and demonstrator. You will work in your laboratory groups to achieve this. Objective: This assessment task contributes to the development of GA 6, and SLOs 4 and 7. Criteria: You will be assessed on your ability to accurately build your model and to communicate the stereochemical features of the molecule to others. You will also be peer-assessing other students’ presentations in your laboratory class.

Criteria:

See TASK for the criteria for each component.

Further Students are not permitted to bring hard (printed) copies OR electronic copies of completed/partly information: completed prac notes or assessment items into the laboratories. Referring to past or present students' data or responses to questions is PLAGIARISM (copying) and will not be tolerated. For this reason, students are not permitted to use, access or look at mobile phones or other electronic devices in the laboratories. For the same reason, students are not permitted to access electronic devices or computers outside of the laboratories during practical classes.

Assessment task 2: Lab quizzes Intent:

This assessment task contributes to the development of the following graduate attributes: 1. Disciplinary knowledge and its appropriate application.

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Objective(s):

This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s): 1, 2 and 3 This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s): 1.0

Type:

Quiz/test

Groupwork:

Individual

Weight:

25%

Task:

Completion of two major quizzes in the laboratory, covering physical chemistry.

Due:

Quizzes are completed at the commencement of the laboratory session in Weeks 7 and 8.

Assessment task 3: Final Exam Intent:

This assessment task contributes to the development of the following graduate attributes: 1. Disciplinary knowledge and its appropriate application

Objective(s):

This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s): 1, 2, 3 and 4 This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s): 1.0

Type:

Examination

Groupwork:

Individual

Weight:

40%

Task:

Demonstrate knowledge and interpretation of chemical theory and problem solving skills

Length:

2 hours plus 10 mins reading time

Due:

UTS Exam Period

Criteria:

• evidence of understanding of key concepts • evidence of problem solving skills

Minimum requirements In order to be eligible for consideration for a pass in Chemistry 2 a student must achieve at least 40% in the final examination in this subject. If 40% is not reached, an X grade fail may be awarded for the subject, irrespective of an overall mark greater than 50. Practical classes in subjects offered by the School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences are an essential and integral part of each subject in which they run. In addition to assisting students’ understanding of concepts, practical classes develop laboratory skills and experience, including safety skills, that are essential graduate attributes desired by employers. Thus, students are expected to attend all scheduled practical classes. 14/07/2017 (Spring 2017)

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Failure to attend a class that is associated with a submitted report will attract a mark of Zero for that report unless an acceptable reason for their absence, supported by relevant evidence is provided to the subject coordinator. Students may not request a prac session change on more than two occasions during the session.

Required texts Brown, LeMay, Bursten, Murphy, Woodward, Langford, Sagatys, George, Chemistry: The Central Science, Australian 3rd Edn., Pearson 2014. Aylward, Findlay, Blackman, Gahan, S.I. Chemical Data 7th ed, Wiley, Australia 2014.

Recommended texts Zeegers et al, Essential Skills for Science and Technology, Oxford University Press 2008 Paul Monk, Maths for Chemistry 2nd Ed, Oxford University Press 2010

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