Community-assessment-3 PDF

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1 Health Promotion Project.

Unit code and Title: NUM3511 Community Health Care in Nursing and Midwifery Practice

Lecturer:

Carol Squire

Student Name:

Bronwyn Shaw

Student Number:

10478430

Date of Submission: 21/10/2020

Word Count:

2042

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Table of Contents Project Title........................................................................................................................................3 Population and Health issue..............................................................................................................3 Project Description.............................................................................................................................4 Objective.............................................................................................................................................5 Strategies............................................................................................................................................6 Budget Estimate.................................................................................................................................6 Timeline Estimate...............................................................................................................................7 Evaluation..........................................................................................................................................8 Working with partnership..................................................................................................................9 Sustainability......................................................................................................................................9 References.........................................................................................................................................11

3 Project Title Hand hygiene promotion for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander who live in Yungngora, to reduce the risk of the spread of COVID-19 to the most at-risk, over 50 years of age residents.

Population and Health issue Coronaviruses are a wide family of respiratory infections caused by viruses, they varying from common cold to more extreme illnesses (Health, 2020). COVID-19 is a disease that emerges from a new type of coronavirus, that was first discovered in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019 (Health, 2020). According to Health (2019), COVID-19 symptoms can vary from mild illness to pneumonia, some people may soon recover, and others can quickly get really sick and can ultimately die from complications. Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders (ATSI) face a disease burden 2.3 times the incidence rate of other Australians, which raises their risk of serious disease from Covid-19 (Health, 2020). The Kimberley is a remote and sparsely populated area situated in Western Australia 's northernmost region, with a population of about 36,000 in 2018 (Kimberley development centre, 2019). The Aboriginal community of Yungngora is homed to a population of 378 (Indigenous, 2020). According to the Australian bureau of statistics (2020), of the 378 individuals in Yungngora, there is a group of 31 people whom are over the age of 50. It has been illustrated by the Department of health and human services (2020), that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island People over 50 years of age or with pre-existing health disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, heart and lung disorders or immune defects are at greater risk of contracting a significant coronavirus-related disease (COVID-19). Furthermore, because a lot of families live under the same roof, it is often more difficult to practise physical distance and self-isolation, which raises the risk of spreading the infection within the population (Department of health and human services, 2020).

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Project Description The aim of this program will be to provide education that is tailored to the community, encourage preventative measures and to encourage community participation, empowering them in the direction to improved preventative behaviours, to protect the at risk ATSI 50 years and over. Also, enhancing their health literacy would provide them with life-long knowledge and selfawareness on the importance of correct hand hygiene. The project will be providing a service that promotes relevant preventative information to the community, this will include booklets, posters and an ATSI COVID-19 information hotline for a period of two months. According to Health (2019), it is highly recommended to further delay the spread of COVID19, by practising good hygiene and physical distance and obey the rules for public meetings, quarantine and isolation. According to Broucke (2020), Health literacy studies have found that it is difficult for more than a third of the population worldwide to identify, understand, analyse and use knowledge that is important to manage their health. However, the struggle is more apparent for rural Indigenous Australians, language barriers from individuals that may speak the native language and more so trauma that may present a larger gap than a language barrier alone (Amery, 2017). The project will provide information that is more understandable recognizing that individuals and communities with low health literacy can require further clarity and various formats of communication, such as animations that illustrate the virus, the disease, its spread and preventive steps (Broucke, 2020). Introducing this health promotion program to the community will utilise the inclusion of the Indigenous community in order to help spread awareness and participation, this will be achieved by including cultural artwork in advertisement and Indigenous representatives and liaisons. According to Percival et al., (2018), symbolic imagery for Indigenous communities like Yungngora, who take great pride in their craft, language and culture, linking their rich cultural heritage with their health can increase a sense of kinship, emotional and spiritual life, and lifestyle, helping to close the

5 difference between how indigenous people used to live and how they need to live now. Furthermore, according to Saldana (2017), Health promotion posters are an effective means to provide information to the community. Therefore, the preventative hand hygiene posters will be located in every community bathroom and community spread/disease informational booklets to be placed in every mailbox monthly with updated information. It is also important to address the possibility of misinformation through social media (Broucke, 2020). This program will address this possibility to (advise/spread awareness) for residents to follow Australian Governmental advice through reputable websites/ads only (Broucke, 2020). Indigenous health liaison officers play a vital role in patient care, education and care for patients and their families, and they can serve as an interface between patients and other health providers (Grant & Draper, 2018). They are a vital component of recognising ethnic disparities in order to have sufficient treatment and optimal performance, this dynamic distinction can help understand the decision-making of patients, promote more dialogue and education, and help combat the classification of Aboriginal patients as being non-compliant (Grant & Draper, 2018). This program will offer a Indigenous liaison officer in order for the community to access information on how to use current services available, which will be accessible on the launch of this program. In order to make this program successful it is important that an appropriate amount of staff is accessible for duties such as maintenance, deliveries, hotline operators, managers and other staff as required. It is also imperative to have enough resources according to the 378 population, according to the Australian bureau of statistics (2019) there is currently 59 private dwellings within the community, each to be provided with an information booklet. All businesses in Yungngora, should be provided posters for bathrooms and hand hygiene equipment, effective immediately.

6 Objective The first objective is by the end of the first month the community is participating in more frequent hand washing, the residents will be able to identify times and methods in which hand hygiene is to be used. The second objective is by the end of the first month, the participants will be able to understand the effects of correct hand hygiene on the spread of COVID-19 by completing surveys.

Strategies Decide who will be the partners involved in the project. i.e Stores In order to promote dialogue and enable further interest in the project, contact the Noonkanbah Clinic to address the goal of the project and the availability of qualified midwives / nurses or aboriginal liaison service staff known to the ATSI community to manage hotline service. Choose a project manager or coordinator to ensure that all aspects of the project have been addressed. Choose 4 office for staff members to arrange meetings, documentation and storage. Obtain an infection control officer who will be able to explain the relationship between hand hygiene and the spread of illness. Obtain a local school to participate to provide information to children in school. Hire the multimedia equipment that would be needed for the office i.e computer, printer, fax and phone. Arrange with the local office supply store to print and organise the education material including any posters to be place throughout the community. Each phase in the project will be monitored and assessed and advised by the nurse. Hire 4 people to deliver the booklets and supplies to stores. Obtain hand hygiene equipment. I.e soaps, hand sanitiser. Obtain Aboriginal Artist to design poster.

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Budget Estimate (This estimate is measures on a two month period.) Resources

Estimated cost

Project manager / coordinator Infection control officer

$40 per Hr

equipment (hire)

$ 50 per day

Nurse/ Midwife/ aboriginal community worker

$ 40 per Hr

Delivery/organisation/counters volunteer staff Posters/Booklet printing Aboriginal Artist

$500 $ 1000

Designs/Rights Building Hire 2 Month period 2-month Hand Hygiene

$2400 $2000

supplies

Total for two-month program: $35,000

Timeline Estimate

Phase Preparing the knowledge content

Action Arrange artwork to be completed, gather information for booklets including hand hygiene: methods, importance and other information regarding prevention of

Time Estimate 5 weeks

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resources

Pre-program measurement

Set up

execution

infection spread. Send to be made by the printing supplier. Order recourses. Measure soap stock used by community, by contacting stores, school and other places being measures. set up office and storage facility organise services for phones. Organise delivery packages. Deliver packages to stores, residentials and schools.

1.5 week

1 weeks

3 days

2 days

Evaluation In order to determine the success this program has had on the community; it is important to determine the base line of health literacy and also hygiene habits of the community (Brase & Brase, 2016). This program will utilise a multifaceted method to retrieving data, combining self-reporting and material proxies, to eliminate the limitations of when these methods are used alone (Labeau, 2020). In order to determine the health literacy level of the community, the use of the measurement tool “all aspects of health literacy tool” will be used to determine the base line level of the community health literacy prior to commencement of this program and after the two months duration (healthliteracy, 2020). This program will also include phone surveys after every phone call to the COVID-19 hotline, this will include customer satisfaction questions and if the client found the answers they needed with ease. According to Gupta & Rokade (2016) the most critical criterion for assessing the level of service offered by a service provider to the client is customer satisfaction. In terms of measuring the behavioural changes of the community, one week prior to the program, measurements of soap refills in public toilets and sanitiser refills are to be documented, and monitored weekly from then onwards. However, using a box or disposing of goods does not mean

9 that they have already been used explicitly, materials can be disposed of unused due to violations of the package 's integrity or for a number of other purposes. (Labeau, 2020). Therefore, when using content proxies, caution is warranted.

Working with partnership Utilising the Noonkanbah Clinic as a primary partner will aide this project because they are the closest primary health care providers in the area, making it easy to advertise for hand hygiene during the regular medical visits. The midwife or nurse will work with the Noonkanbah Clinic for more advertisement opportunities. The aboriginal liaison officer will have the duty to contact the local community stores and contact the local schools to organise visits from the infection control officer, whom will provide information booklets and teachings on correct hand hygiene methods. The project funds will be obtained from the Western Australian state government and the Ministry of Health, as the two largest sources of funds. It can also include government and nongovernment agencies, such as schools, libraries, aboriginal health care programmes and outsourcing any possible volunteers.

Sustainability The benefits of this project are potentially long-term as the community would be able to use the gained knowledge throughout life, preventing of any outbreaks that can be prevented with frequent hand hygiene and other infection control methods. Furthermore, the community will adapt a greater understanding on the process of infection and prevention, that can be utilised for other illnesses and general hygiene practises. The community can refer to the booklets at any time needed and can contact the Noonkanbah Clinic once the project has completed. Any unused material will be sent to the designated school in Noonkanbah as a resource to teachers to use with the children. Future projects can be organised by the appropriate coordinator contact, as indicated

10 preciously it is not recommended to hold public meetings, however, future projects may benefit to consist of hands on workshops.

Conclusion The ATSI population has a higher risk of health burden then other Australians, ATSI aged over 50 years have a greater risk of serious complications if infected with COVID-19. A contributing factor to the high risk of infection among ATSI is due to living in close communities, incorrect hand hygiene and low health literacy levels. This project was developed to educated the ATSI community on hand hygiene in a way that includes their culture and is tailored to low health literacy levels. With the partnership of the Noonkanbah Clinic and the local community, the information will be transferred to the residents through posters and booklets, including indigenous artwork to illustrate correct hand hygiene methods and an ATSI help line. The success of this project will be measured on the behavioural changed of the community and feedback.

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References Amery, R. (2017). Recognising the communication gap in Indigenous health care. Medical Journal of Australia, 207(1),13-15. https:// doi: 10.5694/mja17.00042

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2020). Yungngora. https://quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct

/census/2011/quickstat/UCL522064

Brase, C. P., Brase, C. H. (2016). Understanding Basic Statistics, Enhanced. United States: Cengage Learning. Broucke, S. (2020). Why health promotion matters to the COVID-19 pandemic, and vice versa. Health Promotion International, 35(2), 181-186. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daaa042 Department of health and human services. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19) information for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. https://www.dhhs.vic.gov.au/coronavirus-information-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islandercommunities Grant, R. & Draper, N. (2018). The importance of Indigenous Health Liaison Officers and family meetings to improve cardiovascular outcomes in Indigenous Australians. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 42, 499-500. Http//doi:10.1111/1753-6405.12824 Gupta, K. S., & Rokade, V. (2016). Importance of Quality in Health Care Sector: A Review. Journal of Health Management, 18(1), 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/09720634156255 Health. (2019). How to protect yourself and others from coronavirus (Covid-19). https://www.health.gov.au/news/health-alerts/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-health-

12 alert/how-to-protect-yourself-and-others-from-coronavirus-covid-19 Health Literacy. (2020). all aspects of health literacy tool. http://healthliteracy.bu.edu/all

Health. (2020). Support for remote Indigenous communities at high risk from COVID-19. https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-greg-hunt-mp/media/support-for-remoteindigenous-communities-at-high-risk-from-covid-19 Health. (2019). What you need to know about coronavirus (COVID-19). https://www.health.gov.au/news/health-alerts/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-healthalert/what-you-need-to-know-about-coronavirus-covid-19 Indigenous. (2020). Yungngora. https://www.indigenous.gov.au/community/yungngora Kimberley development centre. (2019). The Kimberley. https://kdc.wa.gov.au/the-kimberley/ Labeau, S. O. (2020). Recommendation and protocol compliance:“Yes, I do” may not be true; the complexity of measuring provider adherence. Intensive & Critical Care Nursing, 60. http// doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102890 Percival, A, N., McCalman, J., Armit, C., O’Donoghue, L., Bainbridge, R.,Rowley, K., Doyle, J., Tsey, K. (2018). Implementing health promotion tools in Australian Indigenous primary health care. Health Promotion International, 33(1), 92–106. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daw049 Saldana, A, R. (2017). Assessing the Effectiveness of Health Educational Posters in Community Health Centers. National Medical Fellowship....