Conditional Sentences AND WISH Clauses PDF

Preview

Summary

english...

Description

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES 1. ZERO CONDITIONAL → AN ACTION THAT ALWAYS HAPPENS WHEN A CERTAIN

CONDITION IS GIVEN IF + PRESENT SIMPLE + PRESENT SIMPLE

WHEN

If you heat water, it boils When you heat water, it boils UNLESS (IF NOT) Cars don't start unless you turn the key of the engine Cars don't start if you don't turn the key of the engine

2. FIRST CONDITIONAL → A FUTURE POSSIBILITY

Estableix una condició que és probable que es compleixi en el futur IF + PRESENT SIMPLE + FUTURE SIMPLE MODAL VERB + INFINITIVE IMPERATIVE

If he runs, he will get there in time. If it rains, I may stay at home. If you want to help the environment, recycle more!

UNLESS (IF NOT) You will get sunburnt if you don’t put on some suncream. You will get sunburnt unless you put on some suncream. 3. SECOND CONDITIONAL  IMAGINARY OR HYPOTHETICAL SITUATION

(PRESENT) La condició és menys probable que es dugui a terme. També s’utilitza per expressar situacions irreals. IF + PAST SIMPLE + WOULD + INFINITIVE COULD / MIGHT + INFINITIVE (less probable) If I worked in that factory, I would earn a lot of money.. If I spoke French, my job would be a lot easier. If I had the money, I could / might help those poor people If I were you, I wouldn’t sell my guitar.

WERE  normalment fem servir aquesta forma amb totes les persones i sempre amb el pronom I quan donam un consell. If I were you, I would study harder UNLESS (IF NOT) I wouldn’t travel to China unless I had a free month. 4. THIRD CONDITIONAL  A PAST SITUATION WHICH CAN’T BE CHANGED

Fa referència a accions passades que no es van poder dur a terme. S’utilitza per expressar penediment o queixa. IF + PAST PERFECT + WOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE COULD / MIGHT HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE If I had known that you were in hospital, I would have gone to visit you. If John had studied harder, he would have passed the exam. If you had stayed at home last night, you could have finished your homework

TIME CLAUSES

If I pass all my exams, I will travel to Majorca with my friends. → Conditional Sentence When I pass all my exams, I will travel to Majorca with my friends → Time Sentence As soon as → I will call you as soon as I arrive home. As long as → I will visit you as long as it doesn’t rain By the time → By the time I arrive home, she will have had dinner Before → Before I arrived home, I had already called my family. After → I switched on the TV after I had finished all my homework

WISH CLAUSES

A) WISH / IF ONLY + PAST SIMPLE  UNHAPPINESS ABOUT A PRESENT SITUATION I wish / If only I had a computer right now B) WISH / IF ONLY + PAST PERFECT  REGRET ABOUT A PAST ACTION I wish / If only I had charged my mobile phone C) WISH + COULD /WOULD + INFITINITE  HOPE THAT A SITUATION CHANGES IN FUTURE a. Same subject → Could

I wish / If only I could go with them

b. Different subject → Would

I wish / If only she would call me

THE

COMPARISON: CONDITIONAL CLAUSES AND WISH CLAUSES

CONDITIONAL CLAUSES

O

WISH CLAUSES

IF + PRESENT SIMPLE + PRESENT SIMPLE If you recycle, you help the environment.

1

3

IF + PRESENT SIMPLE + FUTURE SIMPLE MODAL + INFINITIVE

I wish / If only I could pass the exam. I wish / If only she could pass the exam.

If you study, you'll pass your exam.

FUTURE 2

IF + PAST SIMPLE + WOULD + INFINITIVE COULD / MIGHT + INFINITIVE

I WISH / IF ONLY + COULD / WOULD + INFINITIVE

1

I WISH / IF ONLY + PAST SIMPLE

I wish I were richer / If only I were richer!

If I were richer, I would buy that house.

PRESENT 3

FUTURE

IF + PAST PERFECT + WOULD HAVE + PAST PART COULD/ MIGHT HAVE + PAST P.

PRESENT 2

I WISH / IF ONLY + PAST PERFECT SIMPLE

I wish / If only I had been there!

If I had been there, I would have helped you.

PAST

PAST

EXERCISES 1. Complete the following conditional sentences. 1. If you _______________ (follow) the instructions, the cake will be perfect. 2. I would call Ben if I _________________(have) his phone number. 3. They ____________________(can go) to the concert if they had bought tickets. 4. If we don’t leave right now, we ____________________(be) very late! 5. If she _____________________(eat) all the chocolate, she wouldn’t have felt sick. 5. What would she say if she ______________________(know) the truth? 7. If I spend all my money on CDs, I __________________ (regret) it tomorrow. 1 They arrived late. They _____________________(arrive) on time if they _______________ (take) the earlier train yesterday. 2 She took her glasses. If she ____________________ (not remember) her glasses, she __________________ (not drive) driven home last night. 10. He doesn’t practise enough. Unless he ________________(practise) more, they ____________ (ask) him to leave the team. 11.If I _______________(be) you, I __________________(not go) there alone. 12. If the train is late, we ________________(walk) 2.Rewrite the following sentences without changing the original meaning. 1. I failed the test because I didn’t study. If I __________________________________ 2. I want a MP4 player so much. I wish ________________________________ 3. My advice to you is not to talk to him. If I ____________________________ 4. I can’t visit my friend very often because she lives too far away. I 3. Wish Clauses. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs. 1. The sun is really bright. I wish I _______________ (have) my sunglasses. 2. Sam doesn’t like being short. He wishes he _______________(be) taller. 3. Dave is going to France this summer. I wish I _______________(can) go too. 4. They’re wet! They wish they ____________________(bring) their umbrellas. 5. He’s a U2 fan. He wishes they __________________(give) a concert in his town. 6. Daniel spent all his pocket money, and he has got none left. He wishes ________________ 7. They’re sad because their cat ran away. They wish _____________________ 8. Paul wants Kate to notice him. Paul wishes _______________________ 4. Translate into English: 1. Si ens hagués agradat la pel·lícula, l’hauríem anat a veure.

2. Hauries aconseguit una feina millor si haguessis tingut millors notes.

3. Si jo fos rei, tu series el meu primer ministre.

4. Si ell fos aquí, ens podria ajudar.

5. Compraria un iot si tingués diners.

6. Tallaria la corda si tingués un ganivet.

7. Em casaria amb ella si ho volgués....