Criminology AS Empirical AND Interdisciplinary Scienc 1 PDF

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review on empirical criminology...

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"CRIMINOLOGY AS EMPIRICAL AND INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE" CRIMINOLOGY Method-Empiricism and Interdisciplinarity Object-Analysis; Crime Offender Victim control social Functions-explaining and preventing crime -Intervene in the person -Evaluate response models Criminology as Science Provides valid, reliable and contrasted information: comes out of the analysis and evaluation of the reality Empirical science =/= Exact science CRIMINAL LAW POLICE CRIMINAL CRIMINOLOGY Legal Science Empirical Science Deductive method of reality analysis Systematic Classical School: Treats crime as individual fact and legal abstraction Positivist School: Crime and criminal are no longer legal abstractions. Of dogmas are passed to social and individual factors Criminology is born as opposed to criminal law The contrast is exceeded Criminal law needs the empiricism of criminology in order not to turn its back on the reality of crime (not illustrated despotism) Criminology needs criminal law to transform its studies into a legal framework that enables the practice of empirical knowledge: respect for guarantees of security and equality in the rule of law. CRIMINOLOGY CRIMINAL CRIMINAL LAW POLICE Empirical substrate options and strategies framework of the rule of law Assumable by The adaptation To him Legislator and powers Public Models of criminology according to their institutional location

European-Western model: Is subordinate to the institution of law Young science with many study frames that provoke an erratic pluralism (sociology, psychiatry, biology) Socialist model: Linked to Marxism-Leninism It is defined as a "partial element of the direction of the Society" Instrumental function at the service of a Criminal police guardian of the system: it is considered an applied science Is mediated by the political dirigisme under the supervision of general prosecutors The harmonization of the empirical methods of the socialist model with the experimental sciences of other countries is not well received by the methodological "Marxism-Leninism" Method Anglo-American: It is framed under the social sciences and sociology, being independent of the legal framework: great success and acceptance For three reasons: Quick attunement to the real problems of American society Great empirical Rigor No problems between criminologists and jurists The criminological-Italian positivism is Born: it turns towards the etiology of the biological criminological positivism. Auxiliary and legitimate role of criminal law Criminological Concept of crime The concept of criminal law on crime is not compatible as it does not include pre-crime factors, the social sphere of the offender. The philosophical concept of "natural crime" is also not compatible. The sociological concept of "deviant behavior" is very limited because it frames the deviation from a subjective point of view: It is society that decides what is deviated from what is not. The scientific explanation requires theoretical models in continuous advancement Criminology sees crime as "social and community problem": Community creates crime and finds positive solutions Empathy with crime: commitment to the crime scene. The concept of crime is relativized by the social reaction or control. The person of the offender as an object In the positivist stage, he acquired great prominence

In the modern stage, it turns to focus on objects, leaving in the background the man It focuses on the same criminal behavior, the victim and social control BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL UNIT BIOPSYCHOLOGICAL UNITY Functions of criminology Is to inform society and the public authorities about: Crime-offender-victim-Social Control Of the information is passed to the prevention and to the intervention in the nucleus of the crime and the criminal man. It is not an academic science (formulation of theories and concepts) It is a field of study focused on the solution of conflicts (historical, social, personal, Information on the criminal problem is valid and reliable, with three areas: Scientific explanation Crime prevention Intervention in the offender The scientific explanation requires continuous theoretical models Adaptation With prior knowledge of its genesis and its dynamism The intervention of the crime must go beyond the penal method of deterrence, taking other variables also relevant. Intervention in man: Real impact of applied punishment Reintegration programs in a functional sense Mentalizing The society that the problem is of the community and not of the exclusive legal scope....