Difference Between Diploid and Haploid PDF
| Title | Difference Between Diploid and Haploid |
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| Course | Stress Analysis |
| Institution | Cairn University |
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Summary
haploid and diploid difference distinction is depicted...
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Difference Between Diploid and Haploid Article · February 2017
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DifferenceBetweenDiploidandHaploid February22,2017 • byLakna • 4minread
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MainDifference–Diploidvs Haploid Diploidandhaploidaretwotermswhichdescribethenumber ofchromosomesetspresentinthecellortheploidyofacell. Diploidcellsconsistoftwochromosomesetswhilehaploid cells consist of a single set of chromosomes. This discrepancyinthenumberofchromosomesetscanbetermed as the main difference between diploid and haploid. Usually, humansomaticcells consistoftwo chromosomesets;each is inheritedfromoneparent.Gametesarefoundtobehaploid.
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1.WhatisDiploid –Definition,Features,Examples 2.WhatisHaploid –Definition,Features,Examples 3.WhatisthedifferencebetweenDiploidandHaploid
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WhatisDiploid Diploidsare cells whichconsist oftwo sets ofchromosomes. Almost allmammals havediploid genomes. Eachset belongstooneparent,eithertomotherorfather.Achromosomethatbelongstothematernalsetishomologouswith onlyonechromosomeofthepaternalset.Thehumanbodyconsistsof46chromosomesalltogether:22homologous autosome pairs and two sex chromosomes. The total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell is described as 2n. Hence, each and every gene in the genome has two alleles at a particular locus. These two alleles can be either homozygousdominant,heterozygousorhomozygousrecessivewitheachother.
Diploid cells increase their cell number with the aid of mitosis. During mitosis, doubled genetic material via DNA replication is segregated into two cells. Daughter cells also consist of diploid genomes. On the other hand, retroviruses, such as HIV, Human foamy virus and Human Tlymphotropic virus consist of diploid RNA genomes. HIV,containingtwoRNAmoleculesisshowninfigure1.
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Figure1:HIVstructure
WhatisHaploid Haploids are cells which consist of a single chromosome set.Homologouspairscannotbeidentifiedinhaploidcells. Some organisms may have diploid somatic cells, but they alsoproducehaploidgametesduringthereproduction.Two gametes again fertilize to form a diploid zygote. In this situation, the organism is still considered as diploid. Therefore,organisms,whichhavehaploidsomaticcellsare only considered as haploid organisms. The human body contains 23 chromosomes in their gametes while the somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes as homologous pairs. Thus, human gametesare haploid and are described asn.
Haploid gametes are produced by meiosis of 2n somatic cells. A single chromosome from the homologous chromosomepairissegregatedintoeachgameteduringmeiosisI.Inplants,fungiandalgae,somestagesofthelife cycle are diploid, and some stages are haploid. This is referred to as the alterations of generations. In plants, the principalstageofthelifecycleisdiploidwhereastheprinciplestageofthelifecycleishaploidinfungi.Mostanimals arediploid.But,animalsdevelopedfromunfertilizedeggssuchasmalebeesandantsarehaploid.
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Figure2:Correlationbetweenhaploid anddiploid
DifferenceBetweenDiploidandHaploid Definition Diploid:Theyconsistoftwochromosomesetsintheirsomaticcells.
Haploid:Theyconsistofasinglechromosomesetintheirsomaticcells.
IncreasingCellNumber Diploid:Mitosismaintainsthe2ncellswhileincreasingthecellnumber.
Haploid:Haploidgametesareproducedbymeiosisof2ncells.
HumanBody Diploid:Diploidsomaticcellsconsistof46chromosomesineach. http://pediaa.com/differencebetweendiploidandhaploid/
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Haploid:Haploidsomaticcellsconsistof23chromosomesineach.
Examples Diploid:Animals,Plants,Fungi.
Haploid:Greengrowth,parasites,malebeesandants.
Conclusion Most creature on the planet are diploid. They produce haploid gametes during their sexual reproduction through meiosis. In plants, the principle stage of the life cycle is diploid. Diploid cells are composed of two factors to determineaspecifictrait.Thekeydifferencebetweendiploidandhaploidisthenumberofchromosomesetsthatthe cellconsistsof.
Reference: 1.“Ploidy”.Wikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia,2017.Accessed20Feb2017 2.AprilKlazema“HaploidvsDiploidCells:Howtoknowthedifference”.Udemyblog,2014.Accessed20Feb2017
ImageCourtesy: 1.“HIVirionstructureen.svg”.ByThomasSplettstoesser(www.scistyle.com)–Ownwork(CCBYSA4.0)via CommonsWikimedia 2.“Haploidvsdiploid.svg”.ByEhamberg–Ownwork(CCBYSA3.0)viaCommonsWikimedia
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AbouttheAuthor:Lakna Lakna,agraduateinMolecularBiology&Biochemistry,isaMolecularBiologistandhasa broadandkeeninterestinthediscoveryofnaturerelatedthings http://pediaa.com/differencebetweendiploidandhaploid/
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