Example Chapter 7 Questions PDF

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Example Chapter 7 Questions The hydrosphere covers about 50% of the Earth's crust. True

False

The continuing rise in the carbon dioxide in our atmosphere should cause our surface temperatures to rise. True

False

The ozone layer lies at the boundary of the stratosphere and mesosphere. True

False

The three most abundant gases in our atmosphere are nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. True

False

The most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere is oxygen. True

False

The ozone layer blocks much of the Sun's visible radiation. True

False Seismic S-waves can travel through Earth's liquid outer core. True

False

Seismic P-waves can travel through both solid and liquid materials. True

False

Collisions between low density continental plates create the tallest mountain chains, such as the Himalayas True

False

When plates collide, they fuse together and come to rest. True

False

Subduction of higher density oceanic plates under the continents create deep trenches but also tall volcanic chains ashore as well. True

False

We find from rock dating that the polarity of the Earth's magnetic field has undergone many unexplained changes in periods of thousands of years. True False

The crust of the Earth is covered by about ________ water in the hydrosphere. 50%

60%

70%

80% ()%

Compared to the density of water, our Earth averages: about the same density, similar to Saturn.

about 3 times denser, much like our Moon.

about 4 times denser, similar to Mars.

about 5 times denser, like the Mercury and Venus.

about 10 times denser, due to our core of iron and nickel.

What can we conclude about the structure of Earth's interior knowing that the average density of Earth is higher than the average density of the rock on the continents and seafloor? that Earth's most dense material must be water that Earth's most dense material must be the seafloor and the continents

that Earth's most dense material must be beneath the surface

that Earth's least dense material must be the seafloor and the continents

that Earth's least dense material must be beneath the surface

The critical part of the atmosphere for protecting life on the ground from excessive ultraviolet radiation is the: hydrosphere. troposphere.

stratosphere.

ionosphere.

ozone layer.

Which parts of the Sun's radiation are responsible for heating Earth's surface? the radio and the ultraviolet

the X-ray and the gamma ray

the ultraviolet and the visible

the visible and the infrared the infrared and the high energy particles

Which of these gases are outgassed from our volcanic eruptions? oxygen, methane, ammonia

carbon dioxide, water vapor, oxygen

ammonia, water vapor, oxygen.

water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide.

helium, carbon dioxide, methane. Above about 100 km, the high-energy portion of the Sun's radiation spectrum breaks down molecules into atoms. What is this part of Earth's atmosphere called? the troposphere

the stratosphere

the mesosphere

the ionosphere

the magnetosphere

The Greenhouse Effect works by trapping

incoming ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.

outgoing ultraviolet radiation from the Earth. incoming visible radiation from the Sun.

outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth.

the heat from the Moon in Earth's atmosphere.

What is the percentage of Earth's atmosphere (by volume) that is carbon dioxide (CO2)? 78

21 3

0.9

less than 0.1

In noting that our world is "differentiated," we mean that: the density of its materials decreases as you go downward toward the core.

the Earth has evolved in a different pattern than any other planet.

differenciated structure: the iron and nickel core is denser than the silicate mantle and crust.

radioactive heating in the core is at a slower pace than when the Earth was new.

the Earth's magnetic field is different now in polarity than it was 700,000 years ago.

Which statement about seismic waves is true? Only S waves can travel through liquid.

P waves travel faster, and thus arrive sooner than do the S waves.

In the shadow zones, neither type is observed.

S waves can travel though the outer core, but P waves cannot. On the far side of the earth, only the S waves on the surface can be detected.

Which statement about seismic waves is FALSE? Both S and P waves can be detected by seismographs.

Close to the epicenter, both S and P waves can be recorded.

P waves travel faster, so the gap between their arrival times gives the source's distance.

Only P waves can be detected in the shadow zone. S waves are blocked by the fluid outer core and cannot be observed on the other side of the planet from the epicenter.

The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the: ozone layer. exosphere.

Van Allen Radiation Belts.

corona.

aurora borealis and aurstralis.

Earth's magnetic field: prevents charged particles in the solar wind from reaching the surface.

is a remnant of the solar nebula's magnetic field. is weakening the Van Allen radiation belts.

is the force behind plate tectonics.

lines intersect the atmosphere at the equator.

What is the best description of the Earth's rotation over its entire history? It has periodically reversed directions, as the magnetic polarity reversals show. It has been constant over the entire history of the solar system.

It undergoes abrupt changes, as the magnetic variations show.

It has slowed down very gradually at about .0015 seconds per century. It has sped up at about .013 seconds per century....