Example portfolio of Evidence for Civil engineering Technology/Science Practical Survey camp PDF

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A tutorial to assist students with the compilation of a basic outline of the Survey Practical Project portfolio. ...

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Example portfolio of Evidence for Civil engineering Technology/Science Practical Survey camp A tutorial to assist students with the compilation of a basic outline of the Survey Practical Project portfolio.

Please take the time to read through this project to see what will be required from you.

Presented as the final assessment for the Survey OPM3B or CSUB111 Practical survey project for presented at the University of Johannesburg.

Student Number: 20120607 Student Name: HCI Grobler

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Team Name: Swaziland

Portfolio: Grobler 20120617 Team Swaziland

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Declaration and Acknowledgements.

I hereby declare that the following work is my own and that I have referenced all sources that I used in this project. I am aware of the University policy regarding plagiarism and have followed the correct guidelines regarding the compilation of this project. THIS DOCUMENT IS TO SERVE AS AN OUTLINE OF WHAT YOU ARE EXPECTED TO HAND-IN AS YOUR FINAL ASSIGNMENT. FACTS HAVE INTENTIONALLY BEEN LEFT OUT or CHANGED! Please keep the following in mind!: 1. This document serves as an outline only. Use your own common sense! 2. Assume that the portfolio will be marked by someone WITH NO KNOWLEDGE OF SURVEYING! You need to make this understandable to any person that reads this project 3. You will most probably refer to this portfolio again in your own time. DO NOT ASSUME THAT YOU WILL REMEMBER HOW YOU DID CERTAIN CALCULATIONS. Prepare enough explanatory notes that you can remind yourself at a later stage !

WARNING! This hand-out is ONLY AN EXAMPLE! The content of this example is the result of working one late night too many, please do not take any of the content presented here too seriously! Declaration: I worked with the following persons in a survey group:  Mr. L. Azyass  Me. S. Upermodel  Mr. A.N. Other

 Signed by Theo Dolite on the 31st February 2011 PLEASE NOTE YOUR NAME IS NOT THEO DOLITE, USE YOU OWN NAME!

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WHATEVER YOU DO –DO NOT write your OSCAR/Grammy award acceptance speech here!

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General introduction The following portfolio is an example of the portfolio that students completing the practical survey camp will be expected to hand in at the end of the camp. The portfolio is the product of far too many late nights spent by the author to attempt to provide an example of a project that would be found acceptable by the evaluation panel.

The student is requested to refer to the format of this portfolio as a guideline to prepare the work they have completed over the course of the survey camp. It is not meant to be copied directly. The student is allowed some flexibility in the format of the portfolio.

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Please do not take any of the facts stated in this document as true, it is meant to provide an example, but has no foundation in the truth. Text highlighted in RED an italics are meant to provide more detail on what is required from the student under a specific heading.

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Portfolio: Grobler 20120617 Team Swaziland

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Contents Declaration and Acknowledgements. ........................................................................................................... 2 General introduction..................................................................................................................................... 3 Glossary......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Project Report summary. .............................................................................................................................. 7 Levelling ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 Traverse ...................................................................................................................................................... 16

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References .................................................................................................................................................. 22

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Glossary Place a glossary of terms you used in your project here. Describe all the terms that you may have used or terms that may not be familiar to the reader. The following is AN EXAMPLE and may not have any basis in reality.

The Area by co-ordinates calculation is used to determine the area of the project because it is too big to measure with a planimeter and the cape buffaloes keep getting in the way.

Cape buffalo feet was introduced in 1562 and used by Mr Bones because he liked Cape Buffalo. He used buffalo to measure distances, but because it was quite difficult to get 1000 buffalo to stand quietly in a straight line in order to measure the perimeter of a farm, the people decided that they would change to the unit of metres from the year 1923. This made the measuring of farms far easier and the buffalos could get back to eating grass. (REFERENCE: Bull S., My buffalo ate what?, 2010, ISBN 0000)

The Helmert Transformation is used to calculate the swing in a co-ordinate system. It was developed by a Mr Helmert who always insisted on wearing his hardhat in the house when his wife was at home. The principle behind the Helmert conversion is that it calculated the amount of buffaloes required to pull the boundary co-ordinates of a farm to the correct position in a different survey system. (REFERENCE Bull S., Helmert, a short history of wearing PPE indoors, 2010, ISBN 0000)

Gyro- a Buffalo meat grilled on a skewer, normally sold at Bimbo’s and consumed by surveyors

Join is not a “joint”! A join is a method where the tails of two buffalos are tied together, making sure that they point towards north all the time. Describe the method you will use to determine in which quadrant you are working and how you will calculate the bearing and distance. (REFERENCE: Bull S., Surveying for buffalos, 2010, ISBN 0000)

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at 03h00 in the morning.

Page 7 of 22 The Resection will be used to calculate the co-ordinates of a boundary point from observations taken to know survey reference points. A resection is a method of finding your keys on the floor after a hard night of studying. It uses a minimum of four fixed objects such as a table and chairs to find your position. I will be using the Tienstra (REFERENCE Bull S., My buffalo ate what?, 2010, ISBN 0000) method of resection calculation because my lecturer insisted on it. I prefer doing a four page calculation rather than the shorter version because I love calculations.

Project Report summary. Points to be discussed here: 1. State the name of your team and list the other team members here 2. Briefly outline where your project was situated on the campus 3. Briefly discuss the work you completed, any problems experienced in the work etc.

This project is the final culmination of 10 days of survey practical work, done during the coldest month of the year on the campus of the University of Johannesburg. We were required to complete exercises in traversing, precise leveling, triangulation and resection and are required to produce a portfolio including a plan of all the work we have done during the semester. The purpose of the project was as follows:

I found that working with Cape Buffalo’s for traverse was very difficult as they were not used to traffic and it was quite difficult to keep them calm. As a result of the buffaloes being stressed it was very time consuming to have to clean up after them every day. The total stations we used for the project has seen better days and needed to be calibrated every time we used them, especially after a buffalo stampede. I worked with the following persons in a survey group:  Mr. Set Square Portfolio: Grobler 20120617 Team Swaziland

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1. To establish the elevation of points using leveling techniques 2. Levelling for cross section and long sections for a road profile 3. Traverse a survey network of points on the perimeter of the project areas and adjust the network where required 4. Use Triangulation and resection to determine the co-ordinates of additional control points on campus. Using the correct observation procedures and direction sheet adjustments where required. 5. Stake out of a curve for a road 6. Construct a plan indicating all the surveyed points as well as a small area fixed with tacheometry.

Page 8 of 22  Mr. I. Ayiaz  Me. S. Upermodel  Mr. V. Eryslow  Mr. I. Amlazi The group dynamics changed during the project as each of us took a turn to manage a specific part of the project. Apart from the one brief incident involving a Cape buffalo and the Riot police, the group worked well together, but vowed never to work in the same country after this project. The draughting of the final plan was done using the CAD knowledge I gained in S1.

Project evaluation It is NOT required that the project must be written to dissertation standard, however the format is provided to guide the student through a “worked example” of the expected standard of work to be completed.

Marks will be allocated according to: Presentation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Neatness Ease of reading Proper format PLEASE! No huge A4 files! Rather use a basic staple binding, it is easier to mark Your PLAN will carry the most weight

1. Levelling a. Fieldwork b. Calculation of Rises and Falls c. Calculation of elevations d. Balancing of elevations (Adjustment) if required e. One LONG section (to a scale determine by you ) f. A Minimum of 5 Cross sections (to a scale determine by you ) g. Calculation of an EVEN grade beteen the start and end of your control points

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Content will be marked as a section: (if you omit to hand in a section of the project, you will lose a significant percentage of marks)

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h. A road design based on the parameters provided i. Volume calculation of the cut and fills calculated 2. Traverse a. Fieldwork b. Calculation of co-ordinates and elevation of new points c. Balancing of co-ordinates and elevation (Adjustment) if required d. The traverse points are to be plotted on a plan which has to be handed in as part of the project 3. Tacheometry a. Fieldwork b. Calculation of elevation of new points c. The tacheometry points are to be plotted on a plan which has to be handed in as part of the project d. Interpolation of elevations for the construction of contour lines e. Construction of contour lines must be indicated on the plan 4. Curves (if required) a. Fieldwork b. Calculation of position of new points c. The points calculated are to be plotted on a plan which has to be handed in as part of the project

6. Triangulation (if required) a. Fieldwork b. Calculation of position of new points c. The points calculated are to be plotted on a plan which has to be handed in as part of the project

PLAN and Sections (will carry highest weighting)

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5. Resection (if required) a. Fieldwork b. Calculation of position of new points c. The points calculated are to be plotted on a plan which has to be handed in as part of the project

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1. A LONG SECTION indicating the surface profile of the base you leveled drawn to a convenient scale. The section is to be folded and included in your portfolio 2. A MINIMUM of 5 CROSS sections, indicating the surface profile at each cross sections drawn to a convenient scale. These sections are to be folded and included in your portfolio 3. PLAN a. Title block indicating: i. North Arrow ii. Scale ( a convenient scale, 1:100, 1:200 or 1:500 should be acceptable) iii. Name, student number and Team name iv. Title of plan b. Grid of co-ordinate lines i. Spaced at convenient intervals (25metres), with a minimum of three y coordinate - and three X co-ordinate lines. ii. Co-ordinate lines must have their values indicated on BOTH terminal points of the gird line (top and bottom) c. PLOT (show): i. Traverse points ii. Tacheometric points iii. Contour lines iv. Surface topographical features (trees, buildings, roads…) d. Neatness and Accuracy will carry a high weighting! References Plagiarism Policy of UJ If you use internet or text sources, you MUST reference the source correctly! This includes the course notes you received now.

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•

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Levelling Levelling is used to determine the elevation of points. You are required to start at a point with a known elevation (if not given, assume 1000.000m) and level to a point of unknown point and CHECK the level by closing back on the known point. If no check is shown, you will not receive marks for this section! In addition to the calculation of the elevation of the unknown point, the observations taken can be used to construct a LONG section along the length of the level traverse done. The elevations along this line can then be used to calculate a road of even gradient between the start and end point of your level traverse.

You will also be required to determine a minimum of 5 cross sections along the length of your level traverse. This will mean that you will need to divide your line into 5 equal distances and then determine elevations of points along the cross section. Using the slope and road design given to you, you are required to calculate the road profile at each of these cross sections.

Using the long- and cross sections, you are required the gradient of the road and then the areas at each cross sections as well as the total volume of cut and fill along the road.

In this section you are required to show the following in your portfolio:

b. Calculation of Rises and Falls

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1. Levelling a. Fieldwork

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c. Calculation of elevations d. Balancing of elevations (Adjustment) if required

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e. One LONG section (to a scale determine by you )

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LONG SECTION Scale 1:100

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f. A Minimum of 5 Cross sections (to a scale determine by you )

Cross Section 1. Scale 1:5

Cross Section 1. Scale 1:5

Cross Section 1. Scale 1:5

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Cross Section 1. Scale 1:5

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g. Calculation of an EVEN grade between the start and end of your control points h. A road design based on the parameters provided i. Volume calculation of the cut and fills calculated

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Traverse You are required to traverse two unknown points from a known base in your project area. If you do not have given co-ordinates for your start point, you may assume the co-ordinates to be Y+1000.000 X+1000.000 and Elevation of +1000.000m. In addition you may then reference a known point and use the assumed bearing of 0:00:00 for your calculation. Refer to the tutorial notes for the method of calculation.

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2. Traverse a. Fieldwork – this means the “rough work” used in the field, do not re-write the notes, the eaxaminer needs to see how efficient your note taking is. I am only including one page here (in order to save time, my notes are typed, yours will be hand-written!):

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b. Calculation of co-ordinates and elevation of new points. Show all your calculations here:

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c. Balancing of co-ordinates and elevation (Adjustment) if required

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d. The traverse points are to be plotted on a plan which has to be handed in as part of the project. REFER to the last section of this example for the plan!

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Tacheometry You are required to survey the topographical features in the area that you used for the traverse of the two unknown points from a known base in your project area. If you do not have given coordinates for your start point, you may assume the co-ordinates to be Y+1000.000 X+1000. 3. It is essential to remember to orientate your instrument to known points that you can indicate on your plan. You are required to show as much detail as possible. As part of the exercise you will be requested to survey at least 20 points per member of the team. In order to construct the plan, you will have to use all the observations made by the entire team for your personal project.

c. The tacheometry points are to be plotted on a plan which has to be handed in as part of the project

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a. Fieldwork b. Calculation of elevation of new points

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d. Interpolation of elevations for the construction of contour lines e. Construction of contour lines must be indicated on the plan Refer to this example:

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The Final Plan

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References In my opinion the second most important part of your project Plagiarism will be dealt with harshly! Reference ALL the work you use, including my notes!

YOU HAVE TO SHOW THE REFERENCE IN THE TEXT TOO! THIS IS MERELY A SUMMARY OF THE REFERENCES YOU USED. IF YOU DON’T SHOW A QOUTE IN “ AND ITALICS“ IT IS SEEN AS PLAGIARISM!

1) Bones. M.R.., The history of the Cape Buffalo, 1765, Juta publishers, ISBN 0 -00-00000 2) Electronic source: http://does your buffalo eat grass.com/measuring methods 3) Surname A.,Survey 3 Lecture guide, University of the Cape, 1999 4) Botha, Surveying for Buffalo owners, The Institute of Buffalo surveyors of South Gauteng, 2011, 5) Applications of precision levelling in mining and civil engineering, IB Watt, A refresher course in advanced survey techniques, Department of Surveying, University of the Witwatersrand, Chamber

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of Mines of South Africa

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