Experiment 3- Nomenclature PDF

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Experiment 3: Nomenclature Required reading: Ebbing, 11th Edition Chapters 2. - Write chemical formulas - Use the rules of nomenclature to name chemical compounds. Learning Goals: • To be able to write IUPAC names and formulas of ionic compounds using crossover rule. • To be able to identify and differentiate ionic and covalent compounds. Background information and theory: Nomenclature is the part of chemistry that deals with the rules that are stablished to name chemical compounds. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is in charge to create and revise these rules. In order to use the correct set of rules to name a compound, one must know what type of compound it is. In order to provide correct name, chemical compounds can be classified as ionic, covalent, acids and hydrates. Your book describes in detail how to use the rules to name compounds and how to write formulas for different types of compounds. In this lab, our goal is to practice these rules in order to complete these learning outcomes. Table 2.6 lists some of the most important polyatomic ions that you will use in this lab.

Watch the following videos to understand more about rules for naming compounds: Naming Ionic compounds: https://lonestar.techsmithrelay.com/F8VY Naming covalent compounds: https://lonestar.techsmithrelay.com/53JS Memorizing polyatomic ions: https://lonestar.techsmithrelay.com/fz0H

Procedure: Before starting this activity watch the videos below related to naming compounds or read the corresponding sections as indicated by your instructor. Part 1: Identify each of the compounds (formulas) shown on the data page as ionic, covalent, hydrate or acid. Using IUPAC rules, provide names for each substance. Part 2: For each compound (names) shown on the data page, classify them as ionic, covalent, hydrate or acid. Then, using IUPAC rules write formulas for each: Part 3: Build your own ionic compound: 1) Complete the flashcards for cations given in the following pages by writing on the back of each card their formula or name (depending on what is provided/missing), remember these cations can contain fixed charge or variable charge metals. Classify them. 2) Complete the flashcards for anions given in the following pages by writing their formula or name on the back of each card (depending on what is missing). Remember these anions can be monoatomic or polyatomic ions. Classify them. 3) Cut your set of flashcards (cations and anions). 4) Randomly combine cations with anions cards, write the formulas for the resulting compound and their names. Create at least 12 ionic compounds. Do not repeat cations or anions. Use this technique to practice writing compounds. 5) Take a picture of your flashcards with the ions combined (forming compounds) showing the names of the ions used, then flip the flashcards and take a picture of the formulas of the ions used for each new ionic compound. Add these pictures to your report.

Flash cards cations: write the missing formula or name for each card. Classify each metal as fixed or variable charge metal.

Sodium ion Na+ Fixed

Calcium ion Ca2+ Fixed

Vanadium (IV) ion VO5+ Variable

Aluminum ion Al3+ Fixed

Titanium (II) ion Ti+2 Variable

Cobalt (III) ion Co+3 Variable

Sodium ion

Chromium ion

Manganese ion

Ag+

Cr6+

Mn7+

Fixed

variable

Variable

Lead ion

Iron ion

Copper ion

Pb4+

Fe 3+

Cu2+

Variable

Variable

Variable

Flash cards anions: write the missing formula or name for each card. Classify each as monoatomic or polyatomic anion.

Oxide ion O2Monoatomic

Chloride ion ClMonoatomic

Phosphide ion P3Monoatomic

Phosphate ion Phosphite ion PO43PO3-3 polyatomic polyatomic

Sulfate ion SO4-2 polyatomic

Hydroxide ion Carbonate ion

Chlorate ion

OH –

CO32-

ClO3-

polyatomic

polyatomic

polyatomic

Nitrate ion

Sulfide ion

Bromide ion

NO3-

S2-

Br –

Polyatomic

monoatomic

monoatomic

Name: ____________Judy Pham____ Nomenclature Data Part 1: For each compound, classify it as ionic, covalent, hydrate or acid. Provide names: Na3PO4 – trisodium phosphate; ionic Li2CO3 – lithium carbonate; covalent K2SO4 – potassium sulfate; acid Al(OH)3 – aluminum hydroxide; ionic MgCl2 – magnesium dichloride; ionic K2CrO4 – potassium chromate; ionic CaCl2.2H2O – calcium chloride dihydrate; hydrate Ba(NO3)2 – barium nitrate; ionic HNO3 – nitric acid; acid MnS2 – manganese (II) disulfide; covalent FeBr2 – iron (II) bromide; ionic Ni(NO3)2 – nickel nitrate; ionic SF5 – sulfur pentafluoride; covalent Pb(NO3)4 – lead (II) nitrate; ionic CuSO4.5H2O – copper sulfate pentahydrate; hydrate SnO2 – tin (IV) oxide; covalent H2SO4 – sulfuric acid; acid Br5I – pentabromine iodide; base N2O5 – dinitrogen pentoxide; covalent

Name: _________Judy Pham________ Part 2: Classify each compound as ionic, covalent, hydrate or acid. Write their formulas. Lithium fluoride – LiF; ionic Magnesium sulfite – MgSO3; ionic Titanium (IV) sulfate – Ti(SO4)2; covalent Chromium (VI) oxide – CrO; covalent Tin (II) permanganate – Sn(MnO4)2; ionic Potassium phosphate – K3PO4; ionic Calcium phosphide – Ca3P2; ionic Mercury (I) chromate – CrHg204; ionic Iron (II) chlorate – Fe(ClO3)2; ionic Magnesium chloride decahydrate – MgCl.10H20; hydrate Vanadium (V) hydroxide – V2O5; ionic Barium sulfide – BaS; ionic Aluminum cyanide – Al(CN)3; ionic Carbon monoxide – CO; covalent tetranitrogen hexafluoride – N4F6; covalent Disulfur dichloride – F2S2; covalent Carbonic acid – H2CO3; acid Sulfuric acid – H2SO4; acid Sulfurous acid – H2SO3; acid Hydrochloric acid – HCL; acid

Sulfur trioxide- SO3; covalent Name: _______________Judy Pham____ Part 3: Build your own ionic compound: Remember do not use ions twice. Create at least 12 ionic compounds. Take a picture of your flashcards combining cations and anions and place it on the next page. Cation Anion Formula new Name of the ionic compound formula formula compound (after combining ions) Cu2+ CuCO3 Copper (II) carbonate CO32Mn7+

CLO3-

Mn(Clo3)3

Manganese chlorate

Pb4+

OH-

Pb(OH)4

Lead (IV) hydroxide

Ag+

NO3-

AgNO3

Silver nitrate

Fe3+

S2-

FeS

Iron (II) sulfide

Cr6+

Br-

CrBr3

Chromium bromide

Ca2+

PO3-4

Ca3(PO4)2

Calcium phosphate

VO5+

O-2

VO2

Vanadium (IV) oxide

Al+3

Cl-

AlCl3

Aluminum chloride

Ti+2

SO24-

TiSO4

Titanium (II) sulfate

Na+

P3-

Na3P

Sodium phosphide

Co+3

PO3-3

CoPO3

Cobalt (III) phosphite

Name: ____________Judy Pham_______ Add two picture of your cations and anions flashcards here: One that shows the names of the ions in the 12 compounds you made (first cation, then anion) and another picture that shows the formulas of the ions used in the 12 compounds you designed.

Name: ____________Judy Pham___ Nomenclature Postlab questions: Your instructor may ask you to answer these in your lab notebook, or to answer directly on this page and turn it in, or to include these answers in a formal lab report. Follow your instructor’s directions. 1.- Predict the formulas for the substances below A) acetic acid – CH3COOH B) sodium hydroxide – NaOH

C) ammonium chloride – NH4CL D) potassium hydroxide – KOH

E) iron (III) phosphate – FePO4

2.- Write the name and the formula of an ionic compound that contains nitrogen

Calcium nitride; Ca3N2 3.- Write the name and the formula of a covalent compound that contains nitrogen Nitrogen dioxide; NO2 4.- Write the name and the formula of an acid that contains nitrogen Nitric acid; HNO3...