FE Review - Answers - Nclex style Fluid electrolyte practice questions PDF

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Nclex style Fluid electrolyte practice questions...

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1. The nurse is preparing to care for a client with a potassium deficit. The nurse reviews the client’s record and determines that the client is at risk for developing the potassium deficit due to which situation? a) Sustained tissue damage b) Requires nasogastric suction c) Has a history of Addison’s disease d) Use of lisinopril for hypertension 2. A patient is admitted with severe vomiting for 24 hours as well as weakness and “feeling exhausted”. The nurse observes flat T waves and ST depression on the ECG. Which potassium level does the nurse most likely observe when the laboratory studies are complete? a) 4.5 mEq/L b) 8 mEq/L c) 2 mEq/L d) 3.5 mEq/L 3. Potassium chloride intravenously is prescribed for a client with hypokalemia. Which actions should the nurse take to plan for preparation and administration of the potassium? Select all that apply. a) Obtain an IV pump b) Monitor urine output before and during administration c) Prepare the medication for bolus administration d) Monitor the IV site for signs of infiltration or phlebitis e) Ensure that the medication is diluted in the appropriate volume of fluid f) Ensure that the bag is labeled so that it reads the volume of potassium in the solution 4. The nurse provides instructions to a client with a low potassium level about foods that are high in potassium. The nurse tells the client to consume which of the following foods? Select all that apply. a) Peas b) Raisins c) Potatoes d) Cantaloupe e) Cauliflower f) Tomatoes 5. A nurse is caring for a client with a potassium level of 6 mEq/L. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering? Select all that apply. a) Sodium polystyrene sulfonate b) Potassium chloride c) Regular insulin and D50% d) Calcium gluconate e) Spironolactone

6. Which client is at risk for the development of a sodium level of 130 mEq/L?

a) The client taking diuretics b) The client with hyperaldosteronism c) The client with Cushing’s syndrome d) The client who is taking corticosteroids 7. The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of hyponatremia. What nursing interventions are appropriate to include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) a) Assessing for symptoms of nausea and malaise b) Encouraging the intake of low-sodium liquids c) Monitoring neurological status d) Restricting tap water intake e) Encouraging the use of salt substitute instead of salt 8. The nurse is admitting a client who is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and has serum sodium of 118 mEq/L. Which health care provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply. a) Initiate an infusion of 3% NaCl b) Initiate seizure precautions c) Restrict fluids to 800 mL over 24 hours d) Administer a vasopressin antagonist as prescribed e) Provide the client with low-sodium foods 9. The nurse is assessing a client with a suspected diagnosis of hypocalcemia. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to note in the client? a) Twitching b) Hypoactive bowel sounds c) Negative Troussseau’s sign d) Hypoactive deep tendon reflexes 10. The nurse is reviewing the laboratory studies for a patient suspected of acute kidney injury. What test would be the best indicator of the patient’s renal function? a) Blood urea nitrogen b) Serum creatinine c) Specific gravity d) Urine osmolality...