FOUR WAYS of Knowing PDF

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Theoretical Foundation of Nursing:
Outline of Four ways of knowing in nursing...

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FOUR WAYS of KNOWING EMPIRICS Evidence-based practice Involves accurate and thoughtful decision making about health care delivery for clients. - Based on the result of the most relevant and supported evidence Examples: - Answers base on what we learned. - Scientific method to produce desired study. NOTE: empirical Knowing - There is a scientific, research-based, theoretical, & factual information that is being use. - Ex. Knowledge from books, etc. AESTHETIC - Esthetics Knowing - EMPHATIC (Primary form) aspect of Nursing. - Art and act of nursing through practice and critique. - Related to understanding what is of significance to particular such asa feelings, attitudes. - Ex. When a nurse place himself in the “patient’s shoes” when communication, giving judgment and providing care. - Shows compassion, mercy - Uses laymen terms in explaining the needs of a patient Notes Is using in the process of giving appropriate nursing care through understanding the uniqueness of knowledge. ETHICAL - Describes, analyzes, and clarifies moral obligation and values in nursing. - Moral directions of Nursing - Requires knowledge or different philosophical positions what is good and right in making moral actions and decisions, particularly in the theoretical - Code of morals or code of ethics that leads the conduct of nurses is the main basis for Ethical Knowing. - Deeply rooted in the concept human dignity, service, and respect for life. - Lessening suffering, upholding and preserving health is one of the key elements why nursing is a core service and respect for life. - Ex. Presents patient advocate and defends his client’s right to choose care. PERSONAL Therapeutic use of self - Takes a lot of time to fully know the nature of oneself in relation to fully know the nature of oneself in relation to the world around - Stresses that human beings are not in a fixed state but are - Ex. Good relationship between you and the patient - Interpersonal relationship NOTES: Personal Knowledge is focused on realizing, meeting & defining the real, true self. One term defines this as selfawareness....