Good-Medical-Practice PDF
| Title | Good-Medical-Practice |
|---|---|
| Course | Dance Styles 7 |
| Institution | University of New South Wales |
| Pages | 22 |
| File Size | 1.3 MB |
| File Type | |
| Total Downloads | 39 |
| Total Views | 136 |
Summary
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Description
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
This code was endorsed by all Australian State and Territory medical boards and the Australian Medical Council. It has been adopted by the Medical Board of Australia after minor revisions to ensure it is consistent with the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law Act 2009 (the National Law). It is issued under s 39 of the National Law.
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
Contents 1 About this code
1
3.13 Endingaprofessionalrelationship
8
1.1
Purposeofthecode
1
3.14 Personalrelationships
8
1.2
Useofthecode
1
3.15 Closingyourpractice
8
1.3
Whatthecodedoesnotdo
1
1.4
Professionalvaluesandqualitiesofdoctors 1
4.1
Introduction
1.5
AustraliaandAustralianmedicine
2
4.2
Respectformedicalcolleaguesand
1.6
Substitutedecisionmakers
2
2 Providing good care
4 Working with other health care professionals
9
otherhealthcareprofessionals
9
4.3
Delegation,referralandhandover
9
4.4
Teamwork
9
4.5
Coordinatingcarewithotherdoctors
9
3
2.1
Introduction
3
2.2
Goodpatientcare
3
2.3
Shareddecisionmaking
3
2.4
Decisionsaboutaccesstomedicalcare
3
2.5
Treatmentinemergencies
4
5 Working within the health care system
3 Working with patients
9
10
5.1
Introduction
10
5.3
Healthadvocacy
10
5.4
Publichealth
10
5 6 Minimising risk
11
3.1
Introduction
5
3.2
Doctor–patientpartnership
5
3.3
Effectivecommunication
5
3.4
Confidentialityandprivacy
5
3.5
Informedconsent
5
3.6
Childrenandyoungpeople
6
7.1
Introduction
12
3.7
Culturallysafeandsensitivepractice
6
7.2
Continuingprofessionaldevelopment
12
3.8
Patientswhomayhaveadditionalneeds
6
3.9
Relatives,carersandpartners
6
8.1
Introduction
13
3.10 Adverseevents
7
8.2
Professionalboundaries
13
3.11 Whenacomplaintismade
7
8.3
Reportingobligations
13
3.12 End-of-lifecare
7
8.4
Medicalrecords
13
6.1
Introduction
11
6.2
Riskmanagement
11
6.3
Doctors’performance— youandyourcolleagues
7 Maintaining professional performance
8 Professional behaviour
11 12
13
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
Contents 8.5
Insurance
13
8.6
Advertising
13
8.7
Medico-legal,insuranceandother assessments
8.8
8.9
14
Medicalreports,certificatesand givingevidence
14
Curriculumvitae
14
8.10 Investigations
14
8.11 Conflictsofinterest
14
8.12 Financialandcommercialdealings
15
9 Ensuring doctors’ health
16
9.1
Introduction
16
9.2
Yourhealth
16
9.3
Otherdoctors’health
16
10 Teaching, supervising and assessing
17
11 Undertaking research
18
11.1 Introduction
18
11.2 Researchethics
18
11.3 Treatingdoctorsandresearch
18
Acknowledgements
19
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
1
About this code
1.1
Purpose of the code
Good Medical Practice (thecode)describeswhatis expectedofalldoctorsregisteredtopractisemedicinein Australia.Itsetsouttheprinciplesthatcharacterisegood medicalpracticeandmakesexplicitthestandardsof ethicalandprofessionalconductexpectedofdoctorsby theirprofessionalpeersandthecommunity.Thecodewas developedfollowingwideconsultationwiththemedical professionandthecommunity.Thecodeisaddressedto doctorsandisalsointendedtoletthecommunityknow whattheycanexpectfromdoctors.Theapplicationofthe codewillvaryaccordingtoindividualcircumstances,but theprinciplesshouldnotbecompromised. ThiscodecomplementstheAustralianMedicalAssociation Code of Ethics1 andisalignedwithitsvalues,andis alsoconsistentwiththeDeclaration ofGeneva and the International Code of Medical Ethics,2issuedbytheWorld MedicalAssociation. Thiscodedoesnotsetnewstandards.Itbringstogether, intoasingleAustraliancode,standardsthathavelong beenatthecoreofmedicalpractice. Thepracticeofmedicineischallengingandrewarding.No codeorguidelinescaneverencompasseverysituation orreplacetheinsightandprofessionaljudgmentofgood doctors.Goodmedicalpracticemeansusingthisjudgment totrytopractiseinawaythatwouldmeetthestandards expectedofyoubyyourpeersandthecommunity.
1.2
Use of the code
Doctorshaveaprofessionalresponsibilitytobefamiliar withGood Medical Practiceandtoapplytheguidanceit contains. Thiscodewillbeused: •
•
1 2
Tosupportindividualdoctorsinthechallengingtask ofprovidinggoodmedicalcareandfulfillingtheir professionalroles,andtoprovideaframeworkto guideprofessionaljudgment. Toassistmedicalboardsintheirroleofprotecting thepublic,bysettingandmaintainingstandards ofmedicalpractice.Ifyourprofessionalconduct variessignificantlyfromthisstandard,youshouldbe preparedtoexplainandjustifyyourdecisionsand actions.Seriousorrepeatedfailuretomeetthese standardsmayhaveconsequencesforyourmedical registration.
•
1.3
Asanadditionalresourceforarangeofusesthat contributetoenhancingthecultureofmedical professionalismintheAustralianhealthsystem;for example,inmedicaleducation;orientation,induction andsupervisionofjuniordoctorsandinternational medicalgraduates;andbyadministratorsand policymakersinhospitals,healthservicesandother institutions.
What the code does not do
Thiscodeisnotasubstitutefortheprovisionsof legislationandcaselaw.Ifthereisanyconflictbetween thiscodeandthelaw,thelawtakesprecedence. Thiscodeisnotanexhaustivestudyofmedicalethics oranethicstextbook.Itdoesnotaddressindetailthe standardsofpracticewithinparticularmedicaldisciplines; thesearefoundinthepoliciesandguidelinesissuedby medicalcollegesandotherprofessionalbodies. Whilegoodmedicalpracticerespectspatients’rights,this codeisnotacharterofrights.3
1.4
Professional values and qualities of doctors
Whileindividualdoctorshavetheirownpersonalbeliefs andvalues,therearecertainprofessionalvaluesonwhich alldoctorsareexpectedtobasetheirpractice. Doctorshaveadutytomakethecareofpatientstheirfirst concernandtopractisemedicinesafelyandeffectively. Theymustbeethicalandtrustworthy. Patientstrusttheirdoctorsbecausetheybelievethat,in additiontobeingcompetent,theirdoctorwillnottake advantageofthemandwilldisplayqualitiessuchas integrity,truthfulness,dependabilityandcompassion. Patientsalsorelyontheirdoctorstoprotecttheir confidentiality. Doctorshavearesponsibilitytoprotectandpromotethe healthofindividualsandthecommunity. Goodmedicalpracticeispatient-centred.Itinvolves doctorsunderstandingthateachpatientisunique,and workinginpartnershipwiththeirpatients,adaptingwhat theydotoaddresstheneedsandreasonableexpectations ofeachpatient.Thisincludesculturalawareness:being awareoftheirowncultureandbeliefsandrespectfulof thebeliefsandculturesofothers,recognisingthatthese culturaldifferencesmayimpactonthedoctor–patient relationshipandonthedeliveryofhealthservices. Goodcommunicationunderpinseveryaspectofgood medicalpractice.
Seehttp://www.ama.com.au/codeofethics
Seehttp://www.wma.net/e/policy/c8.htm
3
SeetheAustralianCommissiononSafetyandQualityinHealthCare’sAustralianCharterofHealthcareRights(http://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/internet/safety/ publishing.nsf/Content/52533CE922D6F58BCA2573AF007BC6F9/$File/17537-charter.pdf)
1
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
Professionalismembodiesallthequalitiesdescribed here,andincludesself-awarenessandself-reflection. Doctorsareexpectedtoreflectregularlyonwhetherthey arepractisingeffectively,onwhatishappeningintheir relationshipswithpatientsandcolleagues,andontheir ownhealthandwellbeing.Theyhaveadutytokeeptheir skillsandknowledgeuptodate,refineanddeveloptheir clinicaljudgmentastheygainexperience,andcontribute totheirprofession.
1.5
Australia and Australian medicine
Australiaisculturallydiverse.Weinhabitalandthat, formanyages,washeldandcaredforbyIndigenous Australians,whosehistoryandculturehaveuniquely shapedournation.Oursocietyisfurtherenrichedbythe contributionofpeoplefrommanynationswhohavemade Australiatheirhome. DoctorsinAustraliareflecttheculturaldiversityofour society,andthisdiversitystrengthensourprofession. TherearemanywaystopractisemedicineinAustralia. Thecoretasksofmedicinearecaringforpeoplewho areunwellandseekingtokeeppeoplewell.Thiscode focusesprimarilyonthesecoretasks.Forthedoctors whoundertakerolesthathavelittleornopatientcontact, notallofthiscodemayberelevant,buttheprinciples underpinningitwillstillapply.
1.6
Substitute decision makers
Inthiscode,referencetotheterm‘patient’alsoincludes substitutedecisionmakersforpatientswhodonothave thecapacitytomaketheirowndecisions.Thiscanbethe parents,oralegallyappointeddecisionmaker.Ifindoubt, seekadvicefromtherelevantguardianshipauthority.
2
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
2
Providing good care
2.1
Introduction
2.2.10 Makingresponsibleandeffectiveuse oftheresourcesavailabletoyou(see Section5.2). 2.2.11 Encouragingpatientstotakeinterestin, andresponsibilityfor,themanagementof theirhealth,andsupportingtheminthis.
Inclinicalpractice,thecareofyourpatientisyourprimary concern.Providinggoodpatientcareincludes: 2.1.1 Assessingthepatient,takingintoaccount thehistory,thepatient’sviews,andan appropriatephysicalexamination.The historyincludesrelevantpsychological, socialandculturalaspects. 2.1.2 Formulatingandimplementingasuitable managementplan(includingarranging investigationsandprovidingtreatmentand advice).
2.3
Shared decision making
Makingdecisionsabouthealthcareistheshared responsibilityofthedoctorandthepatient.Patientsmay wishtoinvolvetheirfamily,carerorothers.SeeSection1.6 onsubstitutedecisionmakers.
2.1.3 Facilitatingcoordinationandcontinuityof care.
2.4
2.1.4 Referringapatienttoanotherpractitioner whenthisisinthepatient’sbestinterests.
Yourdecisionsaboutpatients’accesstomedicalcare needtobefreefrombiasanddiscrimination.Good medicalpracticeinvolves:
2.1.5 Recognisingandrespectingpatients’rights tomaketheirowndecisions.
2.2
2.2.12 Ensuringthatyourpersonalviewsdonot adverselyaffectthecareofyourpatient.
Good patient care
Maintainingahighlevelofmedicalcompetenceand professionalconductisessentialforgoodpatientcare. Goodmedicalpracticeinvolves: 2.2.1 Recognisingandworkingwithinthelimits ofyourcompetenceandscopeofpractice. 2.2.2 Ensuringthatyouhaveadequate knowledgeandskillstoprovidesafeclinical care. 2.2.3 Maintainingadequaterecords(see Section8.4). 2.2.4 Consideringthebalanceofbenefitand harminallclinical-managementdecisions. 2.2.5 Communicatingeffectivelywithpatients (seeSection3.3). 2.2.6 Providingtreatmentoptionsbasedonthe bestavailableinformation. 2.2.7 Takingstepstoalleviatepatientsymptoms anddistress,whetherornotacureis possible. 2.2.8 Supportingthepatient’srighttoseeka secondopinion.
Decisions about access to medical care
2.4.1 Treatingyourpatientswithrespectatall times. 2.4.2 Notprejudicingyourpatient’scarebecause youbelievethatapatient’sbehaviourhas contributedtotheircondition. 2.4.3 Upholdingyourdutytoyourpatientand notdiscriminatingonmedicallyirrelevant grounds,includingrace,religion,sex, disabilityorothergrounds,asdescribedin antidiscriminationlegislation.4 2.4.4 Givingprioritytoinvestigatingand treatingpatientsonthebasisofclinical needandeffectivenessoftheproposed investigationsortreatment. 2.4.5 Keepingyourselfandyourstaffsafewhen caringforpatients.Ifapatientposesarisk toyourhealthandsafetyorthatofyour staff,takeactiontoprotectagainstthat risk.Suchapatientshouldnotbedenied care,ifreasonablestepscanbetakento keepyouandyourstaffsafe. 2.4.6 Beingawareofyourrighttonotprovideor directlyparticipateintreatmentstowhich youconscientiouslyobject,informingyour patientsand,ifrelevant,colleagues,ofyour objection,andnotusingyourobjectionto impedeaccesstotreatmentsthatarelegal.
2.2.9 Consultingandtakingadvicefrom colleagues,whenappropriate. 4
Seehttp://www.hreoc.gov.au/info_for_employers/law/index.html
3
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
2.4.7 Notallowingyourmoralorreligiousviews todenypatientsaccesstomedicalcare, recognisingthatyouarefreetodeclineto personallyprovideorparticipateinthat care.
2.5
Treatment in emergencies
Treatingpatientsinemergenciesrequiresdoctorsto considerarangeofissues,inadditiontothepatient’sbest care.Goodmedicalpracticeinvolvesofferingassistance inanemergencythattakesaccountofyourownsafety, yourskills,theavailabilityofotheroptionsandtheimpact onanyotherpatientsunderyourcare;andcontinuingto providethatassistanceuntilyourservicesarenolonger required.
4
Good Medical Practice: A Code of Conduct for Doctors in Australia
3
Working with patients
3.1
Introduction
andinvestigations,andgivingthem adequateopportunitytoquestionorrefuse interventionandtreatment. 3.3.4 Discussingwithpatientstheircondition andtheavailablemanagementoptions, includingtheirpotentialbenefitandharm.
Relationshipsbasedonopenness,trustandgood communicationwillenableyoutoworkinpartnershipwith yourpatients.
3.2
3.3.5 Endeavouringtoconfirmthatyourpatient understandswhatyouhavesaid.
Doctor–patient partnership
3.3.6 Ensuringthatpatientsare informedofthe materialrisksassociatedwithanypartof theproposedmanagementplan.
Agooddoctor–patientpartnershiprequireshighstandards ofprofessionalconduct.Thisinvolves: 3.2.1 Beingcourteous,respectful, compassionateandhonest.
3.3.7 Respondingtopatients’questionsand keepingtheminformedabouttheirclinical progress.
3.2.2 Treatingeachpatientasanindividual. 3.2.3 Protectingpatients’privacyandrightto confidentiality,unlessreleaseofinformation isrequiredbylaworbypublic-interest considerations.
3.3.8 Makingsure,whereverpractical, thatarrangementsaremadetomeet patients’specificlanguage,culturaland communicationneeds,andbeingawareof howtheseneedsaffectunderstanding.
3.2.4 Encouragingandsupportingpatientsand, whenrelevant,theircarerorfamily,in caringforthemselvesandmanagingtheir health.
3.3.9 Familiarisingyourselfwith,andusing whenevernecessary,qualifiedlanguage interpretersorculturalinterpreterstohelp youtomeetpatients’communication needs.Informationaboutgovernmentfundedinterpreterservicesisavailableon theAustralianGovernmentDepartmentof ImmigrationandCitizenshipwebsite.5
3.2.5 Encouragingandsupportingpatientsto bewellinformedabouttheirhealthandto usethisinformationwiselywhentheyare makingdecisions. 3.2.6 Recognisingthatthereisapower imbalanceinthedoctor–patient relationship,andnotexploitingpatients physically,emotionally,sexuallyor financially.
3.3
Effective communication
3.4
Confidentiality and privacy
Patientshavearighttoexpectthatdoctorsandtheirstaff willholdinformationabouttheminconfidence,unless releaseofinformationisrequiredbylaworpublicinterest considerations.Goodmedicalpracticeinvolves: 3.4.1 Treatinginformationaboutpatientsas confidential.
Animportantpartofthedoctor–patientrelationshipis effectivecommunication.Thisinvolves: 3.3.1 Listeningtopatients,askingforand respectingtheirviewsabouttheirhealth, andrespondingtotheirconcernsand preferences.
3.4.2 Appropriatelysharinginformationabout patientsfortheirhealthcare,consistent withprivacylawandprofessional guidelinesaboutconfidentiality.
3.3.2 Encouragingpatientstotellyouabout theirconditionandhowtheyarecurrently managingit,includinganyalternativeor complementarytherapiestheyareusing.
3.4.3 Beingawar...
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