Group Project STA416 INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY AND STATISTIC PDF

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FACULTY OF COMPUTER AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCESGROUP PROJECT STA INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY AND STATISTICREPORT : SURVEY ON A ROLE OF MUSIC TO STUDENTSPrepared by: NAME MATRIC NO. GROUP ANISWAHIDA BINTI RAZIK 2020614658 A4CS2302A ATHIRAH SYAZWANIE BINTI MOHAMED 2020477326 A4CS2302A NADHIRAH BINTI AZM...

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FACULTY OF COMPUTER AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

GROUP PROJECT STA416 INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY AND STATISTIC

REPORT : SURVEY ON A ROLE OF MUSIC TO STUDENTS

Prepared by: NAME ANISWAHIDA BINTI RAZIK ATHIRAH SYAZWANIE BINTI MOHAMED NADHIRAH BINTI AZMAN

MATRIC NO. 2020614658 2020477326 2020455822

GROUP A4CS2302A A4CS2302A

NADIAH AIMAN BINTI IBRAHIM

2020865892

A4CS2302A

NURUL ADLINA BINTI MUHAMAD ZAINAL

2020615144

A4CS2302A

WAN NURFARAHIN BINTI WAN RUSMADI

2020476984

A4CS2302A

A4CS2302A

Date of Submission: 16 July 2021

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT............................................................................................ 3

2.0

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 4

3.0

OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................... 4

4.0

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE ......................................................................................... 5

4.1

DEFINE POPULATION ...................................................................................................... 5

4.2

DEFINE VARIABLE ............................................................................................................ 5

5.0

DATA COLLECTION METHOD .............................................................................. 6

6.0

DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS ........................................................................... 8

6.1

GENDER ................................................................................................................................ 8

6.2

AGE ........................................................................................................................................ 9

6.3

PREFERRED MUSIC GENRES ....................................................................................... 10

6.4

DURATION LISTENS TO MUSIC .................................................................................. 11

6.5

APPLICATION USE TO LISTEN MUSIC ..................................................................... 14

6.6

WHEN USUALLY LISTEN TO MUSIC ......................................................................... 15

6.7

IMPORTANCE OF MUSIC .............................................................................................. 16

6.8

MUSIC HELP IMPROVE PERFORMANCE AND LIFESTYLE ................................ 17

7.0

CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 18

2

1.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, we would like to express our deep and sincere gratitude to our lecturer of this subject, Encik Mohammad Nasir bin Abdullah for giving us an opportunity to complete this report and providing invaluable guidance throughout this project. He inspired us greatly to finish this work on time.

This report cannot be completed without the effort and co-operation from group members which are, Aniswahida, Athirah Syazwanie , Nadhirah, Nadiah Aiman , Nurul Adlina and Wan Nurfarahin . Last but not least, we would like to express our gratitude to our friends and respondents for the support and willingness to spend their time to answer this survey which require approximately 2 minutes to be completed.

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2.0 INTRODUCTION Music is a method of understanding a person's and other people's happiness, sadness, rage, fear, envy and others. Everyone has different musical tastes and does not share the same interest in a certain tone or rhythm of music. This is because our taste in a specific kind of music may really predict our personality. So, it's not surprising if each student has different musical interests, just as each student has a unique personality. A role of music to the students is a chosen topic for our survey. The survey has been conducted to analyse the influences of music in student’s life. Some of UiTM students have participate on this questionnaire.

We choose this topic to be our research because we want to know about what kind of genre music that UiTM Tapah student enjoy. The topic also famous among the student because studies have shown that people who listen to music regularly score higher on intelligence tests than people who do not. This is because people can retain more information when in a happier mood for longer periods of time, which is usually while listening to music. The survey will determine their interest on music. In this research, we have evaluated that what kind of music the student enjoys.

3.0 OBJECTIVES There are several objectives for our research, the main reason is to find out what kind of music the student’s enjoy. This is because music genres consist of multiple types of music to choose from. This includes new and old music, slow and fast music, and even hard and soft music. Next, we want to determine how often student listen the music in a week, to know how important music to student and to find out if music can help to improve student’s performance and lifestyle because a research team recorded a specific group of individuals who were listening to music. They concluded that listening to music recruits the auditory areas, and employs large-scale neural networks in the brain.

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4.0 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE 4.1 DEFINE POPULATION The group that we want to do research is the students from UiTM Perak Campus Tapah. We grouped them by age between 18-20, 21-23, 24-26 and also older than 26. UiTM Tapah age population:

18-20

21-23

24-26

Older than 26

4.2 DEFINE VARIABLE The method that we used is stratified random sampling. Stratified random sampling one of probability sampling which is convenient to use to get the samples from large population. The reason our group choose this sampling method because it can be accurately divided the population into specific criteria (strata) such as genders and age range. This technique helps the research more realistic to calculate the accurate sample from the large population.

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5.0 DATA COLLECTION METHOD The method we are using to gather our data is Direct Questionnaire where researcher gives the questionnaire directly to the respondent and waits for them to complete it. The survey was done using Google form. The link to our survey form was broadcast to all students studying at UiTM Tapah through Telegram and WhatsApp apps. The reason why we used these types of surveys is that the students seems typically garner much higher responses rates with digital counterparts. Furthermore, respondents may be more honest on online questionnaires. Therefore, this method is convenient for both sides. All the respond that we received from the students are then recorded and used in producing this final report.

GOOGLE FORM Student’s music preference feedback/survey We are students from UiTM Tapah. The purpose of this questionnaire is to survey types of music that students in UiTM Tapah favor the most. This research is a part of our STA416 subject. All the informations that we required from this questionnaire will only be used for educational purpose and is solely restricted. Each of the response from our respondent are very important.

6

1 min – 29 min

3- 4 hours!

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6.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS 6.1 GENDER

The pie chart below depicts the gender of 60 people that responded to our survey. According to the pie chart, the male respondent has a higher percentage than the female respondent. The percentage of female responses is 45 percent, with 27 out of 60 respondents being female. Male responders account for 55 percent of the total, with 33 out of 60 respondents. Gender Number of respondents Male

33

Female

27

GENDER OF RESPONDENTS

Female 45%

Male 55%

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6.2 AGE

The bar chart below depicts 60 respondents of various ages who responded to our survey. According to the pie chart, the biggest percentage of respondents are between the ages of 21 and 23, followed by those between the ages of 18 and 20, those between the ages of 24 and 26, and those above the age of 26. A quarter of the responders are between the ages of 18 and 20, with 15 above 60. While the proportion of respondents aged 21 to 23 is 55 percent, with 33 over 60 respondents, the percentage of respondents aged 24 to 26 is 13.2 percent, with 8 over 60 respondents, and the percentage of respondents older than 26 is 6.7 percent, with four over 60 respondents. Age

Number of respondents

18 to 20

15

21 to 23

33

24 to 26

8

Older than 26

4

Age of Survey Respondents

Number of respondents

18 - 20

21 - 23

24 - 26

>26

35 30

33

25 20 15 10 5

15 8

4

0

Respondents age

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6.3 PREFERRED MUSIC GENRES

The bar chart below depicts 60 replies to our questionnaire's question about preferred music genres. Pop has the largest percentage on the bar chart, followed by classical/instrumental, hip hop/rap, RnB, jazz, rock, and ballad. Pop genre respondents account for 68.3 percent of the total, with 41 over 60 respondents; classical/instrumental genre and hip hop/rap genre respondents account for 41.7 percent, with 25 over 60 respondents; RnB genre respondents account for 38.3 percent, with 23 over 60 respondents; and jazz genre respondents account for 35 percent, with 21 over 60 respondents. While the Rock genre has the highest percentage (28.3%), with 17 over 60 responses, and the Ballad genre has the lowest percentage (25%) with 15 over 60 respondents. Music Genres

Number of respondents

Rock

17

Ballad

15

Classical/Instrumental

25

Pop

41

Jazz

21

HipHop/Rap

25

RnB

23

Preferred Music Genres Rock

Ballad

Classical/Instrumental

Number of respondents

50

Pop

Jazz

HipHop/Rap

RnB

41

40 25

30 20

17

21

25

23

15

10 0

Music genres

10

6.4 DURATION LISTENS TO MUSIC

Duration

Number of

(min)

respondents

Class Boundary

Class Midpoint

Cumulative

(𝒙)

Frequency

15.5

6 (1-6)

(𝒇) 1 - 30

6

0.5 - 30.5

31 - 60

12

30.5 – 60.5

45.5

18 (7-18)

61 - 120

13

60.5 – 120.5

90.5

31 (19-31)

121 - 180

14

120.5 – 180.5

150.5

45 (32-45)

181 - 240

15

180.5 – 240.5

210.5

60 (46-60)

30th

DURATION LISTEN MUSIC 181 min - 240 min 25%

1 - 30 min 10%

31 min - 60 min 21.7%

121 min - 180 min 23.3% 61 min - 120 min 20%

Mean, #` 𝒙 =

𝚺𝒇𝒙 𝚺𝒇

=

( 6 × 15.5) + (12 × 45.5) + ( 13 × 90.5) + (14 × 150.5) + (15 × 210.5) 60

=

7080 60

= 118 Meaning: The average duration of respondents listen to music is 118 minutes.

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Median Median position, = '( &

$% &

= 30th

𝐿m = 60.5 𝑓m = 13

Σ𝑓m-1 = 18 𝐶m = 60 Σ𝑓 = 60

60 − 18 ) × 60 60.5 + ( 2 13 = 115.88

Meaning: The duration of respondents listen to music area more or less than 115.88 minutes.

Mode Modal class is 181-240 (class with highest frequency) Lmo = 180.5

d1 = 1

d2 = 15

Cm =#60

1 = 180.5 + 9 #: × 60 1 + 15 = 184.25

Meaning: Most of duration of respondents listen to music are 214.25 minutes

Variance s2 =

*+)

s2 =

'(+)

s2 =

/1

)

[Σ𝑓𝑥2−

) )

($%- )& *

]

[1114515 −

/()&'0(( '(

]

(279075)

s2= 4730.08

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Standard Deviation s = √4730.08 s = 68.78

Meaning: The duration of respondents listen to music (minutes) deviated as much as 68.78 from its mean of 118

Measure of skewness Pearson Coefficient of Skewness Skewness= 784*6496:63;.@>

= −0.96 or 0.09

Hence, the shape of the distribution is negatively skewed to the left.

Shape of distribution 𝐶𝑉 =

68.78 # × 100% 118

= 58.29%

Meaning: The duration of respondents listen to music deviated approximately 58.29% from its mean.

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6.5 APPLICATION USE TO LISTEN MUSIC

The pie chart below depicts 60 responses to our questionnaire's application use to listen music question. According to the pie chart, application Youtube has the highest percentage, while application Youtube Music has the lowest. The percent application Youtube is 35%, with 39 over 60 respondents, Spotify has 34.5 percent with 38 over 60 respondents, JOOX has 10.9 percent with 12 over 60 respondents, iTunes has 11 percent with 12 over 60 respondents, and Youtube Music has 15 percent with 9 over 60 respondents. Application use to listen music iTunes Spotify Youtube JOOX Youtube Music

Number of respondents 12 38 39 12 9

APPLICATION USE LISTEN MUSIC Youtube Music JOOX 10.9%

Youtube 35%

8%

iTunes 11%

Spotify 34.5%

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6.6 WHEN USUALLY LISTEN TO MUSIC

The pie chart below depicts 60 responses to our questionnaire's when do you usually listen to music question. According to the pie chart, while relaxing has the highest percentage, although others has the lowest. The percent while studying or doing assignment is 63.3%, with 38 over 60 respondents, while exercising has 43.2 percent with 26 over 60 respondents, while relaxing has 75 percent with 45 over 60 respondents, while walking or driving has 41.7 percent with 25 over 60 respondents, while cleaning up also has 41.7 percent with 25 over 60 respondents, and other has 6.8 percent with 4 over 60 respondents. Reason While studying or doing assignment While exercising While relaxing While walking or driving While cleaning up Others

Number of respondents 38 26 45 25 25 4

WHEN DO USUALLY LISTEN MUSIC While cleaning up 15%

While studying or doing assignment 23%

While walking or driving 15.3%

While exercising 15.9% While relaxing 28%

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6.7 IMPORTANCE OF MUSIC The bar chart below shows the importance of music to respondent. Majority of the respondents which is 35% are Agree about the importance of music which is consist of 21 over 60 respondents. While the other 33.3% of the respondents with 20 over 60 respondents are strongly agree importance of music and 28.3% with 17 over 60 respondents are neutral. The respondents disagree is only 3.3% with 2 over 60 respondents on how importance of music to them.

Important music to you Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree

Number of respondents 1 2 17 21 20

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6.8 MUSIC HELP IMPROVE PERFORMANCE AND LIFESTYLE The bar chart below shows how music help to improve your performance and lifestyle. Majority of the respondents which is 41.7% are agreeing to music help to improve your performance and lifestyle which is consist of 25 over 60 respondents and 26.7% strongly agree which is consist of 16 over 60 respondents. While the other 3.3% of the respondents are disagreed to music help to improve your performance and lifestyle which is consist of 2 over 60 respondents. The respondents who are neutral is only 28.3% which is consist of 17 over 60s respondents.

Music help to improve performance and lifestyle Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree

Number of respondents (f) 0 2 17 25 16

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7.0 CONCLUSION For the Gender section, most of student that answered our questionnaire is male. Maybe this is because male student more alert with their environment than female student. This kind of questionnaire is in qualitative data category. As we can see on the second pie chart, many of student’s age between 21 and 23 that answered it. Basically, the range of age that studied in UiTM for diploma and degree are more than master and PhD students which is between 18 to 23. So, no wonder that students between 21 to 23 years old are the most that answered this questionnaire. This questionnaire shows it it quantitative variable. Next, the genre that mostly student listen to is pop while the least one is ballad genre which is only 25%. As we know that current generation more into pop genre because it creates a sense of familiarity for listeners. Pop genre more popular and catchy to listen for students nowadays. So, no wonder ballad genre is the least one because it is more popular among aged people. Then, as we mentioned maybe some of students have their own reason in choosing their interest in what kind of genre. This kind of question can be category as quantitative variable. Last but not least, the quantitative data question which is how long students spend their time for listening to music. This question shows that at this range, many of student spend their time more than 3 hours per day to listen music. Normally, students love to listen music while doing their assignment or when their free time including us for relaxing. Listen to music also can avoid students from stress but there’s also some students spend their time less than 30 minutes to listen to music. It is up to themselves how attractive they are to music.

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