HAZ Cards BIO CHEM AND Physics PDF

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Sannah Hanif

Neil’s unit 2 bio

NDS1D

Biology

The biohazards in Human body fluids and tissues are the cheek cells and blood as well as urine. For cheek cells, if samples of other peoples cheek cells are touched with your own then there is a small risk of Aids being transferred for example HIV and can also get a hepatitis virus. For blood, people must ensure that the needles used once are not used again for other people as they can be contaminated and because the transfer of HIV can be made if two different blood samples are connected together. To take blood samples, strict instructions are to be followed. For urine, the final biohazard, unlike cheek cells and blood, if two different samples are placed together then the gaining of HIV or a virus has occurred, with urine, there can be a small risk of gaining many diseases. Despite the fact that urine is clean, when transporting samples the people should be careful and should make sure they wash their hands and take precautions. The low hazardous body fluids and tissues are saliva and sweat. For saliva, there is a very low chance of getting HIV or hepatitis, despite two different samples going into contact, there would be no reaction. Due to health and safety rules, kissing is not encouraged as saliva is transferred. For sweat, once again there is an insignificant chance of getting diseases transmitted, despite union of sweat from two different people. TYPICAL CONTROL MEASURES TO REDUCE RISK: 1. Samples must only be handled if they are from the persons body and not anyone else’s. 2. After handling with the sample, the person should remember to get rid of the sample in a clean and careful way. The containers or beakers that will have been used will need to be cleansed out thoroughly, cleaning the work benches with disinfectant should also be carried out. The person should then wash their hands and he or she should remember that any other piece of equipment that has been used through the analysis of the samples that could’ve been contaminated with blood should be placed in one specific container and then labelled. 3. When using thermometers or mouthpieces for example they should be dealt with and cleaned before using and after using. 4. If first aid is needed to be carried out, the amount of contact with blood should be as minimum, this can be done by wearing protective clothing such as gloves for example. EMERGENCY ACTION: The discarding of tissues with blood for example

Spilt on the work bench or floor for example

Skin contact with tissues should be avoided due to the fact that the tissue is contaminated with blood and there could be other chemicals present which could cause harm to the skin. To get rid of these tissues, wear gloves and place them in a specific container. To completely get rid of the tissues carry out a clinical waste collection service. When there have been spillages of body fluid samples, paper towels are used as well as disinfectant on top which should then be left for 10-15 minutes, when dealing with blood, wear gloves and use bleach before washing hands.

Sannah Hanif

Neil’s unit 2 bio

NDS1D

Chemistr Chemistry y

The corrosive hazards in sodium hydroxide which also applies to soda lime and potassium hydroxide are sodium hydroxide which is a solid and contains potassium hydroxide. It can cause serious burns to the body and is considered extremely dangerous to the eyes, in which case the person should wear goggles and protective clothing such as a lab coat. This also gives out heat when exposed to water, this can be very dangerous and means that the person should stay at a safe distance away from the chemical and make sure that there are no spillages. Another corrosive hazard is sodium or potassium hydroxide solution, this applies when there is 0.5m or more of the chemical. The reason why it is corrosive is because like sodium hydroxide it can also cause frightful burns and is incredibly dangerous to the eyes thus, protective clothing and goggles should be worn at all times when in the lab. The solution contains sodium hydroxide of the concentration and can be therefore a corrosive hazard. The irritant hazard is the dilute sodium or potassium hydroxide solution, this only applies if its less than 0.5m or 0.05m or more. The reason why it is an irritant is due to the fact that it can become harmful to the eyes and skin and make the skin irritable and the eyes red. A very low hazard in chemistry would be the very diluted sodium or potassium hydroxide solution, which only applies when less than 0.05m. The reason why it is a very low hazard is because it can still be harmful to the eye or in a cut but the likelihood is small. TYPICAL CONTROL MEASURES TO REDUCE RISK:     

Ensure that the lowest concentration possible is used and therefore prevent from using the solid. Use the smallest amounts. Remember to always have eye protection especially when making a solution or getting rid of a solution. Protective gloves are needed to be worn when handling with the tiny amounts. If it is possible then the person should consider a safer alternative such as benedict’s solution rather than Fehling’s solution.

EMERGENCY ACTION: IN THE EYE

SWALLOWED

If anything is put into the eye, then the person should carefully insert water to the eye for 20 minutes.

Wash the mouth when swallowed something. Don’t forcefully try to vomit. Water can help the airway stay open.

SPILT ON CLOTHES OR SKIN Get rid of the contaminated clothing. Use water to put over the skin. If a large area is affected then perhaps it is effective for the person to go to hospital or see a doctor.

SPILT ON WORK BENCH OR FLOOR Wipe up the mess with a damp cloth and rise the water well.

Sannah Hanif

Neil’s unit 2 bio

NDS1D

Physics

The electric shock and burn hazard in electricity is the electric power distribution, the reason why this is a hazard is because of the fact the it can cause accidents when the power lines are near. Another electric shock or burn hazard in physics is home and school the reason why this is considered as a hazard because of high voltage and because of poor insulation an electric shock or a burn can be gathered. Also because of poor wiring. The low electrical hazard is the school science investigations, the reason this is a low electrical hazard is because it is not as dangerous as the home and school electrical hazard and nor the electric power distribution hazard. The reason for this hazard is because some cells or batteries in the equipment used for physics experiment can contain toxic and corrosive materials. Electrolysis is carried out however can become dangerous if the current gets too high. The low hazard is everywhere, for example static electricity. A reason for this being a low hazard is because there is electrical equipment all around and can become dangerous at times. TYPICAL CONTROL MEASURES TO REDUCE RISK:      

Use the lowest voltage that is possible. Avoid using exposed conductors. Ensure that the primary and secondary insulation is in a good condition. Avoid having too many plugs and circuits. Ensure that plugs are wired in a correct way with the right fuses. Make sure there are good earth connections in places where it’s necessary.

EMERGENCY ACTION: ELECTRIC SHOCK: Ensure safety. If an electric shock is taken in, then remove the plug....