Headlands and Bays - Lecture notes PDF

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Headlands and Bays

Swanage Bay & Peveril Point, Dorset

How are headland and bays formed?   

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They are formed on discordant coastlines, where hard and soft rock run in layers at 90˚ to the water. Alternating layers of hard and soft rock allow the sea to erode the soft rock faster, forming a bay but leaving hard rock sticking out, known as a headland. As the bay develops, wave refraction around the headlands begins to occur, increasing erosion of the headlands but reducing the erosion and development of the bay due to a loss of wave energy. Headlands and bays can form on concordant coastlines too, as has happened with Lulworth Cove As wave refraction takes place around the headlands and erosion of the bay is reduced, subaerial weathering such as corrosion and abrasion begins to weather the bay, furthering its development....