Highway & Transportation Engineering Lab manual PDF

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LABORATORY MANUAL Highway & Transportation

(CET 02210)

Submitted To: Submitted By: Section: Registration No:

DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE

Highway &Transportation

Lab Manual2021

PREFACE This course is designed to provide Civil Engineering Technology undergraduates with basic understanding of the theory and practice of Transportation Engineering. Students will apply the knowledge gained from theoretical to practical application. Lab works covered in this manual include Flakiness and elongation index of aggregates, LAA degradation value of aggregates used in highways, fire and flash point of bitumen, specific gravity of bitumen, and ductility of bitumen, angularity number of aggregates and Marshall Mix design of Asphalt. Procedures outlining each fieldwork have been comprehensively covered. It is hoped that students will gain valuable insight into surveying after completion of this course, which will also help them in their professional lives.

The University of Lahore

Department of Civil Engineering Technology

Page 1

Highway &Transportation

Lab Manual2021

ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author highly indebted to his HOD and colleagues for their constant support and guidance during the course of preparing this manual. In addition thanks to the students for the pictures were collected from the laboratory.

The University of Lahore

Department of Civil Engineering Technology

Page 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS Sr #

TITLE OF EXPERIMENTS

Page No.

1

To Carry Out the Layout of Hydraulics Lab.

03

2

To Study the performance of Construction Equipments.

04

3

Study of performance characteristics of an Excavator.

05

4

Study of Concrete Mix by using batching and mixing plant.

08

5

Study of different types of pumps for transportation of Concrete.

11

6

To study about various types Water Turbines

13

7

Study of performance characteristics of a centrifugal pump at different speeds.

15

8

Characteristic test on centrifugal pump set at rated-speed

19

9

Study of performance characteristics of a reciprocating pump at constant

23

10

Study of performance characteristics of a gear pump at constant speed

28

11

Study of performance characteristics of a Pelton wheel turbine at constant speed

31

12

Study of performance characteristics of a Francis turbine at constant speed.

34

13

Study of performance characteristics of a Kaplan turbine at constant speed

36

14

Performance test on single stage centrifugal pump.

37

15

Multi stage centrifugal pump

40

16

Determination of vane coefficients for a flat vane and semicircular vane.

43

EXPERIMENT NO. 1 “LAYOUT OF HYDRAULICS LAB” 1.1 OBJECTIVE:  To be familiar with every apparatus and their location in laboratory.  To know the purpose, functionality and working of every apparatus. 1.2 LAYOUT PLAN:

EXPERIMENT NO. 2 “TO STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT” Heavy construction equipment are used for various purposes in large projects. Selection of different Types of heavy equipment depends on the size of the work and economy’ Machines make it possible.  In the case of huge construction projects to speed of the construction.  Proper use of the appropriate equipment contributes to the economy, quality, speed and timely Completion of the project.  Equipments used in civil engineering branches like, highway, irrigation, structural etc.  15 to 30% of total cost has been accounted for the machinery. Advantages and Disadvantages of using equipment's and machineries at construction site are as follows: Advantages:  They help increasing the rate of output through work progress with the best effective and efficient

me- thuds.  Reduce the overall construction costs especially for large contracts.  Tasks which are too heavy or too delicate for human muscles to do can be done easily by a machine

or equipment.  Carry out activities which cannot be done manually or to do them more economically and much faster.  Maintain the planned rate of production where there is shortage of skilled or unskilled labor.  Maintain high quality standards often required by present-day design and specifications.  There can be mobility of labor i.e. in most industries machines used are similar. So labor can

easily move from one industry to another.  Equipment that’s still got some life in it always has a resell or trade value.

Disadvantages:  Machinery has made the laborer’s work monotonous and irksome.  Only skilled labors can run successful operations on machines.  buying brand new equipment can be very costly and affect  many machine's are not considered for long term perspective, some are for short period.  Training workers to work on the new equipment also adds to the cost, as company has to invest in

both workers and machines.  Taking care of storage, maintenance and transportation can also prove a challenge.  Frequent updates can be turned out to be a never-ending and pretty costly process.  Big factories pollute their surroundings and make them filthy and insanitary....