Histology of Nervous Tissue PDF

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Histology of Nervous Tissue Notes for Pedrozo...

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Histology of Nervous Tissue

What are the functional differences between neurons and neuroglia? ● Neuroglia: serve the needs of neurons through support and protection ● Neurons: transmit electrical signals What are the 6 types of neuroglia and where are they found? ● Found in the CNS: 1) Astrocytes: capillary-neuron exchanges and control of chemical environment around neurons 2) Oligodendrocytes: Myelinate the cytoplasmic extensions of the neurons 3) Microglial cells: act as phagocytes 4) Ependymal Cells: line cerebrospinal fluid filled cavities ● Found in the PNS: 5) Schwann Cells: Myelinate 6) Satellite Cells: surround neurons in the PNS What are the important anatomical features of a neuron? 1) Neuron: basic functional unit of nervous tissue - transmit messages 2) Cell Body: biosynthetic center and receptive region of neuron 3) Nuclei: cell bodies in the CNS that make up gray matter 4) Ganglia: clusters of neuron cell bodies in the PNS 5) Neurofibrils: support the cell and transport substances throughout the neuron 6) Chromatophilic substance: clusters of rough ER for protein synthesis 7) Dendrities: receptive regions with receptors for neurotransmitters release from axon terminals of other neurons 8) Axons: Nerve fibers - form the impulse generating and conducting region of the neuron - White matter is made up of these cells 9) Axon Collaterals: axon branch

What are the classifications of neurons both structurally and functionally?

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What is the difference between a nerve and nerve tract? What is the difference between a ganglion and a CNS nucleus? What are endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium and what are their functions?...