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Practise nursing within the Australian health care system assignment...

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HLTENN001 - WORKBOOK 1 QUESTIONING – 25 Short answer questions STUDENT INSTRUCTIONS You will be provided 25 short answer questions related to the unit of competency undertaken in your course. The questions are used to assess your level of knowledge in relation to various aspects of the unit. It is important that you read each question carefully prior to starting the assessment and seek clarification if any question is unclear. Please note your assessor can only provide more information HLT54115 to clarify the intent of the question, not provide details of the required answer.

Diploma of Nursing  This is an individual assessment. HLTENN001 Practice nursing within Australian health care system  If you feel that you may be the entitled to access reasonable adjustment strategies to assist you in completing the assessment, you should discuss the issue with your assessor before the assessment is due. 

If an extension is required, please request it in writing at least three (3) days prior to the assessment taking place.

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You have two (2) attempts to achieve a satisfactory result on each part of the assessment alternatively your assessor may negotiate a further assessment with you.

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This assessment must be completed out of class in your own time

For this assessment, you are required to answer all questions to the standard required to achieve a result of satisfactory. All assessments must be assessed as satisfactory for you to be deemed competent in this unit. Submission of Assessment Please Note: Students are to complete questions on Moodle, or use a format that can be uploaded to Moodle. Please Note: You can access further information regarding assessment, including Recognition of Prior Learning, Reasonable Adjustment and Assessment Appeals in your Learner and assessment guide.

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions UNIT OF COMPETENCY – Code

HLTENN001

Title

Practice nursing within the Australian health care system

Student Name

Student Number

Student Signature

Assessment Date

Assessment Location

Assessment Time/ Duration

Q1: In 2010, the nursing and midwifery profession was regulated nationally, along with all allied health professionals and doctors, through which organisation?

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National Registration and Accreditation Scheme.

Q2: List the five (5) functions of the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. The key functions are: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Registration of practicing nurses and midwives including students; Processing notices, complaints, investigations and disciplinary hearings; Development of standards, codes and guidelines for nurses and midwives; Evaluation of overseas trained practitioners wishing to practice in Australia; Approval of accreditation standards and accredited training courses.

Q3: Use the URL provided to read about the benefits of joining the Victorian branch of the ANMF and then list four of them. http://www.anmfvic.asn.au/

1) the opportunity to receive professional advice or assistance provided by industry, professional and legal representations on the work of a nurse; 2) access to the ANMF library and other academic resources; 3) the ability to apply for various grants and discounts for the purchase of equipment; 4) $ 10 million professional insurance including negligence coverage and legal expenses (for all ANMF financial members).

Q4: Briefly discuss how you would explain the health care benefits to a client whilst in hospital according to the following health care funding: (30-80 words on each of the three benefits) a)

Medicare scheme

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions b)

Private health insurance-highest coverage

c)

Veterans’ Affairs-Gold card

1) Medicare Medicare is Australia's health insurance system that provides a wide range of health care services to citizens and permanent residents. You can get free or subsidised treatments from healthcare providers including GPs, optometrists, dentists and others, as well as treatment in public hospitals. Medicare also gives you access to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Program, which covers 83% of the cost of many prescribed medications. 2) Private health insurance-highest coverage The private health insurance with the highest coverage pays for treatment in public or private hospitals as a private patient. You can choose a doctor, a hospital and also have a longer hospital stay. In case of need for planned surgery, the waiting period is shorter. Also, with private health insurance, you pay less taxes. 3) Veterans’ Affairs-Gold card The Veterans’ Gold Card covers necessary medical treatments such as treatment provided by an allied health professional, GPs or other medical specialists, including treatment at a hospital or day procedure facility. You can buy medications at a significantly lower cost, receive additional home care and nursing services, medical aids, equipment and modifications as well as travel to and from medical appointments. Treatment is usually free if you go to a provider who accepts your Veteran Gold Card.

Q5: Identify four (4) benefits of private health insurance for the individual or the public health system.

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1) Shorter waiting time for planned surgery. 2) Choice of hospital and doctor. 3) Extras cover such as optometry, dental and physiotherapy. 4) Government rebates and less taxes.

Q6: Identify a service that is currently provided by Government funding. There are some Victorian ones listed here https://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/mediaand-resources/policy-intervention-and-action and federal ones here http://www.australia.gov.au/information-and-services/health If this funding was cut or reduced, list three immediate impacts to health care

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions delivery in Australia 1) Increase in bed closures. 2) Reduction in elective surgery and medical services. 3) Decrease in staffing level and as result skill loss. Parliament of Australia. (2013). Implementation of the National Health Reform Agreement. Chapter 3 - The impact of Commonwealth funding cuts on patient care and services . https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Finance_and_Public_Ad ministration/Completed_inquiries/2010-13/publichospitalfunding/report/c03

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Q7: With a focus on your local area: a)

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List four (4) health care settings available within the region

b) What are four (4) strengths and four (4) weakness associated with the overall local health care system? Healthcare settings in Frankston 1) 2) 3) 4)

Frankston Hospital. Peninsula Mental Health Service. Golf Links Road Rehabilitation Centre. Frankston Healthcare Medical Centre.

Strengths of the local health care system 1) Developed infrastructure of specialists in various medical fields. 2) Сreating a Strategic Plan 2019-2023 that outlines how to deliver exceptional health care and community care in Frankston area. 3) Working closely with universities to conduct research to deliver innovative, world-class healthcare services and deliver exceptional patient outcomes. 4) Support for volunteer work, including the placement of representatives in the wards and accompanying patients until assistance in subacute cases.

Weakness of the local health care system 1) Poor health outcomes associated with a population reporting asthma, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and obesity that are above average. 2) Lack of mental health care professionals due to higher rates of mental disorders among the population of Frankston and Mornington. 3) Insufficient bed capacity in public hospitals leading to long waiting periods. 4) Increased incidence of aggression and violence against health care providers, volunteers and contractors.

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions Peninsula Health (2020) Peninsula Health Annual Report 2020. https://www.peninsulahealth.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Annual-Report-2020-A4-FINAL-WEB.pdf

Q8: Provide an example of a current health care issue within your local area. a)

Explain why is it a current health care issue?

b)

Has there been any policy/legislation development regarding this issue?

c)

Do you consider it is effective?

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a) One of the health problems in my area is the prevalence of obesity. This is relevant because most people suffer from this disease and also leads to chronic conditions such as cancer and diabetes. b) The Mornington Peninsula Shire Municipal Public Health and Wellbeing Plan 2017 - 2021 provides guidance on priority health and wellbeing areas for municipalities and public health organisations in the municipality to improve the health and wellbeing of all Mornington Peninsula residents. This Plan aims to protect and support the health and wellbeing of the Mornington Peninsula community by focussing on the preventable risk factors that impact on chronic health conditions. Increase healthy eating and physical activity are the key priorities. c) I consider this program to be effective because physical activity and healthy eating are key measures to prevent obesity. Mornington Peninsula Shire (2017). Municipal Public Health and Wellbeing Plan 2017-21. https://www.google.com/url? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwidla6O4OzxAhUgIbcAH WypCqEQFjABegQIBxAD&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mornpen.vic.gov.au%2Ffiles%2Fassets %2Fpublic%2Fnew-website-documents%2Fabout-us%2Fstrategies-amp-plans%2Fdocs%2Fmpsmunicipal-public-health-and-wellbeing-plan-2017-21final.pdf&usg=AOvVaw08popOIe2ox0tJsvLck89_ Q9: What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organisation (WHO)?

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The World Health Organization’s definition of health is “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions Q10: The values and philosophical underpinnings of primary health care emphasize the social determinants of health and guide and inform policy, planning, governance and service provision.

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In your own words, outline the seven principles of primary health care. (One sentence for each principle) 1) Primary health care addresses the immediate health needs of the population. 2) Provision of primary health care services to all categories of the population equally and regardless of their financial wealth. 3) Collaboration between different government departments, civil society organisations and citizens at different levels. 4) Primary health care must be part of a coordinated health system based on a more integrated social-environmental understanding of health. 5) Encouraging consumer and public participation in decision-making based on a personalised approach. 6) Direct interaction with secondary and tertiary health care services. 7) Assistance in conducting the necessary research, training and evaluation of various processes in the provision of primary health care and their results. Q11: Healthcare services are classified into three (3) levels. List the three (3) levels and define the purpose of each level.

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Healthcare services are categorised into three basic levels including primary care level, secondary care level, and tertiary care level. The primary care level refers to the first level of contact of community, family, and individual with the health facility or system. Notably, it is the most close and effective to persons and comprises clinics. The secondary care level refers to higher level of healthcare where more complex problems are addressed or dealt with, for example, hospitals and health centres. Tertiary care level is where specialised care offered or provided, for example, regional hospitals. Q12: There are numerous health and illness issues facing people from other countries and cultures other than Australia. a) Identify three health issues or challenges that refugees or migrants face when trying to access the Australian health care system. b)

List two services that could be provided to address these challenges.

a) - Limited knowledge and information about available health care services. - Language barrier.

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions - Mental health issues due to prolonged separation from families or isolation in their new communities. b) - Using interpreting services. - Mental health services. Q13: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have significantly more health issues than other Australians. They typically die at a much younger age and are more likely to experience disability and reduced quality of life due to ill health.

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List four (4) known identified leading causes of death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people according to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). In 2014–2018, the 4 leading causes of death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people according to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) were:

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coronary heart disease,

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diabetes,

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lung cancer,

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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2020). Causes of death. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/causes-of-death

Q14: Endocrine disorders including diabetes, is regarded as one of the leading causes of death amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. a) List two (2) community or allied health services that could be utilised for endocrine disorders including diabetes. b) What practices or resources could community and allied health services utilise to make health care more accessible to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community? List four (4)

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions a) 1) primary care services such as those provided by general practitioners, nurses and allied health professional. 2) specialised departments of Diabetes and Endocrinology at hospitals (for example, the Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology at Peninsula Health). b) 1) providing services locally; 2) providing transport to health services; 3) employing Indigenous health professionals and health workers to promote culturally safe service delivery; 4) using home visitation as part of a multi-faceted engagement strategy. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2013). Improving the accessibility of health services in urban and regional settings for Indigenous people. https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/186eb1148fc8-45cc-acef-30f6d05a9c0c/ctgc-rs27.pdf.aspx?inline=true Q15: Social determinants of health act to strengthen or undermine the health of an individual or community.

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Identify three (3) leading key social determinants of health and for each briefly describe how they can have a direct impact on an individual's health. 1) Socioeconomic position. Populations in more severe social and economic conditions have a higher risk of ill health, higher rates of illness and disability, and shorter life expectancy. high income provides greater access to goods and services that provide health benefits, such as better food and shelter, additional health options, and more healthy lifestyle choices. 2) Social exclusion can be the result of unemployment, discrimination and other factors, and as a result, cause psychological damage and harm to health as a result of prolonged stress or anxiety. 3) Residential environment provides access to basic goods and services, promotes physical and psychological well-being, determines the level of environmental safety and social interaction. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2016). Social determinants of health. https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/11ada76c-0572-4d01-93f4-d96ac6008a95/ah16-4-1-socialdeterminants-health.pdf.aspx Q16: What is the leading underlying cause of death in Australia according to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare report (2020)?

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions The leading cause of death for males was coronary heart disease, accounting for 10,448 (12%) deaths. Dementia including Alzheimer disease was the leading cause of death for females, accounting for 9,522 (12%) deaths. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2020). Causes of death. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/causes-of-death

Q17: According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2020), list two (2) behavioural risk factors and two (2) biomedical risk factors that could impact the health of an individual.

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Behavioural risk factors 1) High alcohol intake. 2) Tobacco smoking. 3) Poor eating patterns. Biomedical risk factor 4) High blood pressure. 5) Abnormal blood lipids.

Q18: Choose one (1) behavioural and one (1) biomedical risk factor and describe what health issues may arise? Behavioural

Smoking shortens the duration and quality of life. It also leads to an increased risk of various diseases such as cancer, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and others. A number of studies also show that smoking negatively affects mental health by causing increased anxiety, depression, panic attacks and schizophrenia. Biomedical High blood pressure can cause chronic kidney disease, heart attack, hypertension, and increase the risk of stroke and various heart diseases.

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2021). Alcohol, tobacco & other drugs in Australia. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/alcohol/alcohol-tobacco-other-drugs-australia/contents/impacts Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2020). Biomedical risk factors. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/biomedical-risk-factors

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Assessment 1 - Questioning – 25 short answer questions Q19: The health care system classifies non-western models of health care as complementary or alternative methods of health care. Choose three and describe the benefits of using each.

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Chiropractic Improves nerve system function and the individual nerve's ability to carry nerve impulses more efficiently. Strengthens the immune system. Improves individual organ system function (heart, lung, sinuses, digestive, etc). Traditional Chinese medicine Chinese herbal products showed effectiveness for many medical problems, including stroke, heart diseas...