Homocide PDF

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Summary

This summary includes the definitions regarding homocide, the FBI's 4 major categories of murder classification, juvenile murder, types of abuse and sibling violence....

Description

HOMOCIDE Chapter 9 negligent Manslaughter is the killing of another person as a result of recklessness

Doughlas and Muss – three important features of offending behaviour evident at crime scene 1. modus operandi – procedures offender engages in to successfully commit a crime 2. signature 3. staging

Staging – intentional alteration of a crime scene prior to police attending the scene Organised crime scene no weapon is found at scene evidence of offender used planning/premeditation

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most effective way of breaking cycle of violence: o Change the abuser's attitudinal system o Change the abuser's social network o Use legal sanctions

Emotional distraught offenders are likely engage in undoing at murder (cover victim) Virgina Tech 2007 – class mass murder  

Availability strongest determining factor of victim selection for serial murders Motive of male serial killers o domination o sexual excitement o material gain

Jenkin 1988 – serial killer began killing at late stage Racial Profiling – ethnic minorities are disproportionately represented in arrest stats La Fon 2002 – 2 types of psychological autopsies: suicide and equivocal death Fox and Levin - most mass killings motivated by revenge murder by proxy - vitcims are chose bc killer associates them w/primary targets against whom revenge is sought research found peer rejection and social rejection consistent charactersitcs of school shooters public mass shooting are known as active shooter situations

HOMOCIDE Definitions Heuristic cognitive shortcuts people use to make inferences about their world Availability Heuristic constant attention media/politician give to violence make it appear more widespread/frequent Murder unlawful premeditated killings of one human being by another with malice either expressed or implied  1st Degree: committed with vicious, wilful, deliberate, premediated intent  2nd Degree: intentional and unlawful killing w/o same malice and premeditation Manslaughter  Non-negligent: original intent to wasn’t to kill but after agitation they lost control  Negligent: killing due to reckless or culpable negligence – no intent to kill Criminal Homicide causing death of another person without legal justification or excuse Malice Afterthought premeditation or mental state of a person who thinks ahead, plans, voluntary causes death of another without legal excuse Assault: intentional inflicting or attempt of bodily injury on someone Aggravated Assault: attack or assault Is conducted with the intent to inflict serious bodily harm (wounds, disfigures, endangers life) Juvenile weapon possession- get guns from community,gun dealers,theft,gun shows Weapons Effect mere presence of gun/weapon stimulates violence thoughts

FBI 4 Major categories of Murder Classification 1. Criminal enterprise murder  killing committed for material gains  money, goods, territory, or favours  contract killing, gang murder 2. Personal cause murder  committed under emotional upheaval, conflict, passion  precipitated by general altercation/argument (domestic violence) 3. sexual homicide

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sexual component in situation/dynamic leads to murde sadist or serial killers

4. Group Cause Homicide  committed by 2 or more individuals who share common ideology/belief  cults

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General Altercation Homicide o results from hostile/reactive aggression o goal make victim suffer o out of control

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Felony Commission Homicide o motivated by instrumental aggression o expectation of reward o premediated/calculated acts

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Domestic Violence ( current or ex-spouses,) Accidental (drinking and driving)

Juvenile Murder  girl kills: family member or younger female victim, intimate partner,kids  boy kills: kill strangers, gang related, gun Dynamic Cascade Model hostile family/neighbourhood harsh or poor parenting peer rejection/academic failes deviant peer associated anti-social/violent behaviour

Types of Abuse  physical Abuse o parent wilfully injures or allows child be injured/tortured for punishment  Emotional Abuse o behaviour makes child feel belittled, denied love or subjected to extreme punishment I.e. close confinement , verbal assault, withholding food

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Emotional Neglect o failure provide child w/ app. support, attention, affection Sexual Abuse

HOMOCIDE

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o exploitation of child/adolescent for another’s sexual/control gratification Child Neglect o parent/caretaker failure provide basic needs Missing and Exploited o kidnapped/abducted child from parent or sexually exploited

Munchausen syndrome by proxy  caregiver/parent fabricates or intentional causes symptoms in child to seek and obtain medical treatment  child’s doesn’t respond to treatment Shaking Baby Syndrome  caregiver shakes baby so hard = head injury  may causes death/seizure Abusive head trauma etc. Infanticide  Parent’s Intentional killing of infant/child Neonaticide:  killing of child within first 24 hrs after birth  extreme behaviours following killing due hormonal changes/post partum Filicide  killing of child older than 24hrs  Postpartum blues/depression/psychosis Intimate Partner Abuse: physical, psychological, sexual violence by individuals in present or past relationships Battering physical violence in intimate relationships – during separation or divorce Battering Typologies 1- abuse family only 2 – abuse family related emotional probs 3 antisocial Elderly Abuse infliction of physical, emotional, or psychological harm on the older adult.

Sibling Violence

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Matricide – killing one’s mother. Sororicide – killing one’s sister. Fratricide – killing one’s brother. Parricide – killing one or more of one’s parents.

Multiassaultive Families continual cycles of intrafamilial (sibling) physical aggression and violence. cycle of assault – men to children Cycle of Violence Hypothesis individuals grow up to be abusive because they were abused themselves. Coercion Development Theory – Patterson: coercive and punitive tactics in parenting increases the likelihood of later aggressive behaviour and potential domestic violence. Stalking repeated physical or visual proximity, non-consensual communication, or verbal, written or implied threats sufficient to cause fear in a reasonable person. o following them from place to place o besetting or watching o threatening conduct most common form: simple obsession Eurotomiania - targets public figures/celebrities Violent and Armed Crime Robbery taking or attempting to take anything of value from care, custosdy or control of a person by force or threat of violence by putting them in fear. Strong arm robbery without a weapon – result in more injury to victims (more likely fight offender) Bank Robbery when crime or robbery is located in a financial institution Cybercrime illegal acts that involve computer system – computer hacked or computer intrusionfraud,identity thef o Cyberstalking/cyberharrasment/cyberbullying

Hostage Taking Instrumental hostage taking

HOMOCIDE offenders goals is recogniable (kidnapping someone, ransom, achive freedom) Expressive Hostage Taking wants to become important and take control over his own fate have little control over their lives depressed and using hostage to bring attention to situation...