HW 1 key - Homework 1 with ANSWERS PDF

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Homework 1 with ANSWERS...

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HW 1 answers 1. What are the formal charges of the labeled atoms? (4 pts)

2. Draw all the resonance forms for the following compounds. Use curvy arrows to show the flow of electrons. (8 pts)

3. For the following structures, convert the condensed formulas into skeletal notation. (12 pts)

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4. Indicate the hybridization of the following atoms. (5 pts)

5. Show any dipoles for the following molecules and indicated if the molecule is polar. (3 pts each)

6. For the following indicate: (5 pts)  The relative bond length  The relative bond strength  Which atomic orbital(s) form the bond.

Longest Weakest sp3

sp2

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Shortest Strongest sp

7. Identify the following species as a Lewis acid or Lewis base. Use curvy arrows to show the reaction between the base and acid to form the Lewis adduct. (6 pts)

8. For each pair circle the stronger acid. Which effect is being observed? (3 pts each) Periodic trends: Across a period acid strength increases due to electronegativity

a)

Periodic trends: Down a group acid strength increases due to size

b)

Periodic trends: Across a period acid strength increases due to electronegativity

c)

More “s” character. The anion is sp hybridized and the smaller AO holds the negative charge closer to the nucleus of the carbon ion.

d)

9. Finish the following acid/base reactions.  Identify the conjugate acid/base pairs.  Determine the direction of the equilibrium. 𝐶𝑙 − + 𝑁𝐻4+ → 𝐻𝐶𝑙 + 𝑁𝐻3 To the left

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10. Write a molecule for each of the following functional groups. (8 pts) Hydrocarbon Alkyl halide Ether Alcohol

Sulfide

Ketone

Amine Thio

11. Put the following in order of increasing boiling point. What intermolecular forces are present in each molecule? (9 pts)

Lowest Van der Waals

Highest Van der Waals Dipole H-bonding

12. Draw how the following will self-assemble in

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Van der Waals Dipole

13. What is the molecular formula for the following (3 pts each)

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