Impact of Yankee Stadium on Urban Policy in NYC PDF

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This was the term paper for POL 206. The essay is on the impact of Yankee Stadium in the Bronx as a urban policy and how it helped NYC economically. ...

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New Yankee Stadium Impact on NYC If you are a baseball fan nothing beats the feeling of being at Yankee Stadium, or the enthusiasm of its fans at a game.Throughout  Yankee stadium there are faces and names of some of the greatest players in history.The  setting of the field,the landmarks,and the fans draw up much feeling inside.Regardless of what baseball team an individual is faithful to,when they stroll into Yankee Stadium, they  turn into a Yankees fan for that diversion and feel they have acquired the past of the Yankee.The stadium was given the name"The  House That Ruth Built" on the grounds that it was perceived that Ruth's illustration control made the new stadium conceivable. More than 74,000  fans stuffed Yankee Stadium for their first glander at the new facility. Babe Ruth hit the stadiums first grand slam. Later that season, the Stadium facilitated the first of 33 World Series. As indicated by the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1929, the Yankees turned into the first group to make numbers a changeless piece of their outfits. Different groups immediately received the thought and by 1932 it was standard for all groups. The  underlying circulation of numbers was made by the player's position in the batting request. The stadium attract a very large crowd, the  Yankee Stadium is one of the best and most popular sport franchise of all time.The  new stadium was opened in 2009 and has contributed a major effect on the economy and the the lives of the people.The  stadium has impacted society in both positive and negative ways. History Of Policy

The  new Yankee Stadium also known as,  “The  House that Ruth Built”, opened April 1976 . While it stood tall in the Bronx, the old Yankee Stadium was the home to 26 world championships, and a plethora of hall of famers. Because their was constant renovation being done to the stadium the owner of the George Steinbrenner began planning a new stadium in 1980s.Unfortunately he died in 2010.While  planning the new stadium he thought it would be best, if he moved the stadium to the Meadowlands in New Jersey. While the Governor of New Jersey Thomas Kean agreed for the use of the landscape the state legislature denied the financing for the stadium in 1984. New Jersey taxpayers rejected a referendum in 1987 that could have taken $185 million in public financing in order to build a new stadium for the Yankees (Sandomir, 2008). Steinbrenner continually used a potential move out of the Bronx as leverage in negotiations with NYC, despite his failure to get funding to move to New Jersey. After failing to successfully get a deal in New Jersey to move out of the Bronx, Steinbrenner focused his efforts on NYC and NY State government to help fund a new stadium for his team. In 1988, NYC Mayor Ed Koch made an agreement to have taxpayers spend $90 million on renovations for Yankee Stadium but Steinbrenner backed out of the deal (Pooley, Pg 82).After ten years, another proposition came through Steinbrenner desk. This time the proposition was from the Bronx Borough President, in which he proposed $600 million in tax payers money for for remodeling and a change in the territory around Yankees Stadium. This included make

improve his included improve highways, roadways, and the building of a strip of shops and restaurants.Once more, Steinbrenner rejected the proposal. Who Was Involved Many people were involved in planning the stadium.The architectural firm “Populous ” contributed to the design. M-E Engineers Inc served as the Services Engineer,Turner Construction served as General Contractors for the New Yankee Stadium. Thornton Tomasetti served as Structural Engineer for New Yankee Stadium. Government officials also helped plan, some directly, some indirectly. New Jersey's Governor contributed to the initial planning even though no actual progress was made. New Jersey State legislature also contributed in denying Steinbrenner the funds needed for a new stadium. NYC Mayor Koch also had an indirect role, as he initially had a plan to fund a new Yankee Stadium but Steinbrenner also backed out of this deal. Koch`s successor David Dinkins, played a role in proposing new housing, and relocation of a Police Academy that was near the original Yankee Stadium. Other people who contributed indirectly were the New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, and NYC Mayor Rudy Giuliani who wanted to move the Yankees to the West Side Yard. The Bronx Borough President Fernando Ferrer also proposed $600 million for major renovations and additions to the original Yankee Stadium. Political Analysis The politics for building the stadium are more complex than it seems. It was not a 123 process or “ Let’s make a deal”scenario  that came about. Many debated that the stadium was not fiscally responsible decision. The  Yankee Stadium went through fifteen years of being denied funds before all parties involved. One can conclude that they might be the case because lawmakers

feared that the stadium will not make enough profit to the city in order to pay back the initial cost. Comptroller Williams Thompson Jr New York comptroller said that the building of the New Yankee Stadium saying it was a “bad deal”. The mayor's office responded by saying Thompson's statement was “political posturing” as the Comptroller had approved of the deal in 2006 (Dwyer,2009). The statement from the mayor's office also doesn't match up. Mayor Bloomberg himself had exercised an escape clause from the original deal back in 2002. The  original deal, was essentially better than the one proposed by Bloomberg in 2004, as the original deal cost less, and put less burden on new york city taxpayers. Because of this, the new Yankee Stadium was at the time, and still is, the most expensive baseball stadium in the country. The  building of the new Yankee Stadium was expected to make 1,000 "lasting new" job,according to the officials. Despite what was expected just twenty-two permanent jobs were really a piece of the pool of "permanent new jobs”. People who were involved with the stadium had high hopes that many employments would be available, including Mayor Bloomberg and Randy Levine

,President of the New York Yankees. Levine, who  was likewise deputy mayor under Former Mayor Rudy Giuliani, affirmed at a Congressional hearing and said that the working of the New Stadium would make around 1,000 extra occupations in fields, for example, security, ticketing, promoting, support, and union. Mayor Bloomberg's predictions ended up being wrong, as bond-financing applications for the Yankees in 2006 revealed that not many permanent jobs would be added to the new Yankee Stadium. Many economists gave criticism of this saying that public benefits were being “overstated” and also stating the fact that many of these jobs are seasonal and not full-time.

Conclusion The purpose of having new stadiums, from a political perspective, is to create surplus for the city. In 2005, Mayor Bloomberg unveiled his plan that proposed the teams involved cover most of the tab, while the city would build infrastructure around the stadium which included parks, parking garages, and transit stations. The mayor at the time insisted that taxpayers would not pay much t and that the city will make the money back that it does invest into the building of the New Yankee Stadium. This  was a questionable statement by the mayor as the teams received about $480 million dollars in tax breaks. The  team also does not pay rent or property tax, despite being on city-owned land (Bagli,2008). The  lasting economic impacts for The Yankee Stadiums is questionable. On  one hand, individuals of the city are pulled in by the site since they need to get the experience. Then again, the stadium have not satisfied their desires the extent that how they were anticipated to the city's economy. In 2009, Mayor Bloomberg anticipated the city would make over $1 million dollars from having Yankees rent out suites and turn ticket income to the city. A Daily News report in 2014 demonstrated that since the new stadiums opened in 2009, not once have they joined to contribute more than $500,000 to the city. From 2009 - 2013, the Yankees together contributed just $700,000 dollars to the city (Smith, 2014). Regardless of the Yankees being the wealthiest group in Major League Baseball, the extravagance boxes that the city requested them to rent out simply isn't offering admirably. The enduring impact of monetary surplus from the stadium simply isn't there.

References

Bagli, Charles. "Bloomberg Says Details On Stadiums Were Omitted." Nytimes.com . N.p., 2017. Web. 7 Dec. 2017. Bagli, Charles. "Tax Breaks For New York Stadiums Are Questioned." Nytimes.com. N.p., 2017. Web. 7 Dec. 2017. Brown, Eliot. "IBO: New Yankee Stadium Costing City, State $528 M.." Observer . N.p., 2017. Web. 7 Dec. 2017. Dwyer, Jim. "A New Yankee Stadium, The Same Old Politics." Nytimes.com . N.p., 2017. Web. 7 Dec. 2017. Pooley, E. (1995, February 13). Let Him Walk Why George Steinbrenner should just take his ball and go play somewhere else - and why he probably won't. New  York Magazine , 82-86. SANDOMIR, RICHARD. "13 Stadium Renovation Plans Later, Yankees Are Still Dissatisfied." Nytimes.com. N.p., 2017. Web. 7 Dec. 2017. Sandomir, Richard. "Yankees Official Says Team Would Have Moved Without A New Stadium." Nytimes.com . N.p., 2017. Web. 7 Dec. 2017....