Intro to Business and Society class #2 PDF

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Types of societies as sociologist defined them: ● ● ●

Traditional Modern Postmodern

Questions: ±Why and how social science emerged as disciplines during Modernity ±What kind of questions and research social scientists do? How this is related to social imagination?

Traditional society Economic structure & Demography ● ● ● ●

Simple economy Low social division of labor Basic tech Low demographic destiny

Social organization ● ● ● ● ●

Family Age group Individuals are socialized through community Authoritarian power Altruism

Modern society

Cultures attitudes and beliefs ● ● ● ●

Strong references to the past Monolithic societal value system Empiricism The sacred and the profane

Economic structure and demography ● ● ● ●

Social Organization

Complex economy Technical division of labour and complex labour Complex tech Demographic growth

Cultures, attitudes and beliefs

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Nuclear family Predominance of acquired social status ● Democracy and complexity of social organization

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Rapture with the tradition Pluralism in values and ideologies Scientism Laicization

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Postmodern society Economic structure and demography ● ● ● ●

Neoliberalism Tertiary sector and precarious work Technology dominance Demography: migration & low fertility rate

Social organization ● ● ● ●

Postmodern family Multiple social identities and change Dehumanization of social management Network solidarity

Culture, Attitudes and beliefs ● ● ● ●

End of history Relativism of values Technoscience Disillusionment of the world

Society The term society is a generic term we use to mean a collective group of people who share a common set of social institutions (e.g. law, money, government, citizenship, language etc.), social norms (e.g. beliefs, conventions etc.) and geographical space (e.g. territory). We do not assume that societies are homogenous, static or consensual in that every society – every social group really – involves diversity, change and conflict. -Societies change in one kind to another because of the following factors: ● ● ● ● ● ●

Population Division of labor (Karl Marx) Rationality (Max Weber) Technology Living arrangements (rural – urban) How individuals are connected (Émile Durkeim)

±Class 03 Emergence of capitalism °Readings: ±Introduction: A critical introduction to business and society, Business and Society. A Critical Introduction. ±Chapter 1. The Emergence of Capitalism in Western Europe, Business and Society. A Critical Introduction. °Reading Questions: ±What is the definition of term “business”? Could you think about concrete forms of business around you? Based on the definition of “society”, what make Canada a society? What all Canadians share in common? Are they specific social institutions that are different according to geographical area in Canada? ±What is feudalism? What were the enclosures? In capitalist society, workers are propertyless. What does it mean and what are the implications for workers’ freedom? What significance does Protestant religious doctrine have in Max Weber’s accounts of the origins of modern capitalism? What does Weber mean by economic traditionalism? Name a key difference in Marx’s and Weber’s approaches to explain historical change....