Introduction to Geography Getis Textbook Outlines PDF

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Geography 101 8-29-18 Getis 1 Outline Subfields of Geography Regional Geography-The  study of human relationships and spatial systems in specific locations Systematic Geography-One  or few parts of the environment humans live in Physical Geography-Natural  environment, landforms, atmospheric conditions, etc Human Geography-Where  people are, how they interact, etc -People study geography to understand why cultural traditions differ from place to place -Geography also gives an understanding to the national and international problems that occur Location, Direction, and Distance Absolute Location-The  identification of a place using coordinates called a mathematical location Ex.global grids of the world using latitude and longitude using degrees, minutes, seconds Site-an absolute location concept showing the physical and cultural characteristics of a place Relative Location-The  position of a place or thing in relation to that of other places or things -Reflects spatial interconnection and interdependence Situation-relation between a place and other places Absolute Direction-based  on north, south, east, and west Ex.the rising and setting of the sun from east to west Fixed positions of stars Relative Direction-Saying  go “out West”, “down South” these locations are culturally different Absolute Distance-spatial  separation between 2 points on the Earth’s surface Relative Distance-ex.thinking  about time as a relative way of measuring how far away something is -relative distance is also psychological Size and Scale Scale-the relationship between the size of an area on a map compared to the actual size Interrelations between Places Human Interaction-this  new aspect added accessibility and connectivity to the ideas of location and distance Tobler’s First Law of Geography-in  a spatial sense things have a greater impact on each other the closer the distance is Accessibility-consideration of distance

-Using technology to advance and bring together places that are seperated because of distance Connectivity-Accessibility suggests connectivity showing the tangible and intangible ways places are connected such as telephone wires or roads Spatial Diffusion-the  process of dispersing an idea or a thing that can be influenced by population density, communication, etc Globalization-Refers to the global reach of these spatial diffusions Place Similarity and Regions Regions-Places on Earth have striking resemblance to each other -Internal uniformity but external differences from surrounding places Types of Regions Administrative Regions-Created  by laws, treaties, or regulations Ex.countries, states, counties, cities, and school districts Formal / Uniform Region-uniform  physical or cultural feature that is usually statistically derived ex.Corn Belt Functional / Nodal Region-Uniform  in its operational connectivity Ex.trade network of towns, circulation area of a newspaper or territories that make up a capital such as Chicago Perceptual Regions-They  reflect feelings and images rather than data ex.Referring to the Midwest or Chinatown...