Isomerism Flow Chart PDF

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Summary

Isomerism Flor Chart with definitions and examples included....

Description

Isomerism Stereoisomers – Same constitution (connectivity in space) but differ in spatial arrangement of atoms

Constitutional Isomers – Different constitution Tautomers – isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons and thus readily interconvert

Diastereoisomers – Nonsuperimposable nonmirror images

Enantiomers – Superimposable mirror images

Geometric Isomers

Rotamers / Conformers – Interconversion by rotation about single bond

Epimers –differ in ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION at only 1 stereogenic centre Diastereoisomers with > 1 stereogenic centre

Meso Compounds – SUPERIMPOSABLE mirror images (ACHIRAL)

Atropisomers – Arise due to hindered rotation about a single bond, where energy differences due to steric strain or other contributors create a barrier to rotation that is high enough to allow for isolation of individual conformers

Anomers – cyclic monosaccharides differing only in C-1 configuration

Chiral molecules – no planes or centres of symmetry Conformation – Spatial arrangement of atoms that distinguishes stereoisomers which can be interconverted via single bond rotation

Prochiral – Atom capable of becoming a stereogenic centre via a single reaction step Configuration – Spatial arrangement of atoms that distinguishes stereoisomers, when differences in isomerism is NOT due to differences in CONFORMATION

Axial – results from nonplaner arrangement of 4 groups in pairs about a CHIRAL axis

Relative Absolute...